【正文】
層彈性釋放能(MPa)5層7層9層圖2 不同開挖層數(shù)彈性能量釋放曲線 開挖分層與應(yīng)力位移的變化關(guān)系根據(jù)計(jì)算,各種開挖方案的應(yīng)力、位移變化規(guī)律基本相似,但主廠房頂拱最大主應(yīng)力σ1隨開挖深度增加而增大,主廠房5層開挖方案應(yīng)力極值較9層開挖方案應(yīng)力極值更大。500051005200530054005500560057005層 7層9層彈性釋放能(MPa)圖1 不同開挖層數(shù)彈性釋放能總量對(duì)比圖 不同開挖分層的彈性能量釋放曲線根據(jù)上述理論,將洞室分成m步開挖,則動(dòng)態(tài)開挖過程中某一特定開采步驟的圍巖釋放能量為: (2)式中,ur為某一動(dòng)態(tài)開挖步驟中圍巖釋放的能量;Sm為本步開挖而暴露出的巖體空區(qū)的表面積;ui為開挖引起的圍巖次生位移;Ti為本步開挖前圍巖中的表面牽引力。高地應(yīng)力條件下大型地下洞室開挖可通過合理分層控制能量變化,具體方法為:建立包括能量釋放率的目標(biāo)函數(shù),根據(jù)不同分層開挖方案研究圍巖能量釋放率的影響規(guī)律,確定較合理的開挖分層方案。經(jīng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)地應(yīng)力測(cè)試,廠區(qū)最大主應(yīng)力20MPa~30MPa,廠房開挖過程中頂拱時(shí)有掉塊、巖爆及小方量塌方發(fā)生。 Laxiwa Hydropower StationAbstract:The underground powerhouse excavation group of Laxiwa Hydropower Station is buried in high geostress area where the highest principal stress reaches from 20MPa to order to make sure the security during the construction and function period and sure excavation quality, based on results of pution and analysis to elastic release energy and energy liberation rate of surrounding rock mass and overall consider