高三英語(yǔ)：專題九非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞十一-專題熱點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 use, pardon, admit, delay/ put off, fancy, avoid, miss, keep / keep on, practise, deny, finish, enjoy / appreciate, can’t help, mind, allow / permit, escape, imagine, forbid, risk 此外be used to, look forward to, lead to, devote to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, can’t stand (無(wú)法忍受), give up, feel like, insist on, put off, thank you for, apologize for, be busy (in), have difficulty / trouble (in), have a good / wonderful /hard time (in)等動(dòng)詞詞組也要用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。過(guò)去分詞表示的動(dòng)作或是在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，或是沒(méi)有一定的時(shí)間性。當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞為主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用V –ing；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用being + 過(guò)去分詞；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表完成時(shí)，用過(guò)去分詞。試比較：Have you anything to send ? 你有什么東西要寄嗎？（不定式to send 的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是“你”）Have you anything to be sent ? 你有什么要（我或別人）寄的東西嗎？（不定式to be sent 的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是“我”或“別人”）3．用不定式作定語(yǔ)的幾種情況：不定式表將來(lái)：I borrowed some books to read during my holiday. 用來(lái)修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或no, all, any 等限定的中心詞。以上動(dòng)詞還可用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（5+3+2+12+4）：即以上動(dòng)詞除let, make 外都可以用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，此外find, catch, keep, lave 也可以用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：I won’t have you speaking to your parents like 。如I’ll have /get my bike repaired ，have sth. done 還表示“使遭受……”之意。（主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行）The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious. 客人們沒(méi)有動(dòng)大部分菜，因?yàn)樗鼈儑L起來(lái)不可口。如：I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone. (狀態(tài))I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much. (完成)2．leave 后接三種形式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，其中的leave 保留了原來(lái)之義“留下”，但表達(dá)的確切之義應(yīng)是“使……處于某種狀態(tài)）。如：I heard her sing an English song just now. 剛才我聽見她唱了一首英文歌?，F(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行，過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)或完成，動(dòng)詞原形表主動(dòng)和完成。注意：不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表完成和狀態(tài)。）如：It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running. 你讓機(jī)器一直開著是不對(duì)的。（被動(dòng)，將來(lái)）3．have, get 后接的三種形式作賓補(bǔ)（其中heave, get 表示“使、讓、叫”之意）① have sth. done = get sth. done “使/讓某事由別人去做”（叫/讓某人做某事）。注意：“have sb. doing”若用于否定句中，其中have 有“容忍”之意。如：① An army spokesman stressed that all thd soldiers had been ordered to issue clear warning before firing any shots. ② The teacher asked us not to make so much noise.③ The flu is believed to be caused by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.三、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)小竅門下列動(dòng)詞后在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中用不帶to 的不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中要加上to：它們是“吾看三室兩廳一感覺(jué)”——5看（look at, see, watch, notice, observe）；3使（make, let, have）；2聽（listen to, hear）；1感覺(jué)（fell）。如：He had no money and no place to live (in).We found a way to solve this problem (in).2．當(dāng)作定語(yǔ)的不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式既可以用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但其含義有所不同。 being + 過(guò)去分詞；過(guò)去分詞。如：falling leaves 正落的葉子 fallen leaves 落下的葉子boiling water 正沸騰的水 boiled water 沸騰過(guò)的水（白開水）三、不定式、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別這三種形式作定語(yǔ)，主要是體現(xiàn)在動(dòng)作的發(fā)生時(shí)間上。如：The question to be discussed at the tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one. 熱點(diǎn)四 不定式、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)用法要點(diǎn)一、下面動(dòng)詞只能用不定式作賓語(yǔ)Decide / determine, learn, want, expect / hope / wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask / beg, help 此外，afford, strive 等也要用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。1. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事
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