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given有哪些用用法-全文預(yù)覽

  

【正文】 ablaze(著火的),afire(燃燒的),aglow(發(fā)紅的),afraid(害怕的),alike(相像的), alive(活著的),alone(孤單的),ashamed(慚愧的),asleep(睡著的),astir(活動(dòng)的),averse(反對(duì)的),awake(醒著的),aware(意識(shí)到的), awash(被波浪沖打的), awry(歪的)等。 The city is beautiful. 這座城市美麗。wasdoing。因?yàn)閒at與thin形成對(duì)比?!is mother was cooking in the kitchen,the boy fell asleep in the chair.(在一個(gè)延續(xù)動(dòng)作過(guò)程中發(fā)生另一個(gè)動(dòng)作) hurried home,looking behind as he went.他匆匆回家,邊走邊往后看?!ad hardly sat down when his mobile rang.他剛一坐下手機(jī)就響了?!ught to have helped her,but I never could.我本該幫她但沒(méi)能。而but表轉(zhuǎn)折?!hese experiments are interesting and useful,it is important to remember that they may not always tell us much.雖然這些實(shí)驗(yàn)很有趣也有用,但是很重要的是要記住,這些實(shí)驗(yàn)也可能不會(huì)告訴你很多。2. Coming to another country to study requires a big adjustment and it takes a while to fit in. 來(lái)到另一個(gè)國(guó)家求學(xué),需要花一段時(shí)間來(lái)適應(yīng)。 Whatever happens, the first important thing is to keep cool. 不管發(fā)生什么事,頭等重要的是保持冷靜。 Whatever you do, I won39。d disagree. 無(wú)論我們說(shuō)什么,他都不同意。 College students are seen doing whatever work they can find. 我們可以看到,只要有工作,大學(xué)生們什么都干。 I’ll just say whatever es into my head. 一我想到什么就說(shuō)什么。 I will do whatever you wish. 我可做任何你想我做的事。如:The pianos in that shop will be cheaper, but not as good. 那家商店的收音機(jī)會(huì)便宜些,但質(zhì)量沒(méi)那么好。This dress is twice as expensive as that. 這件連衣裙比那件貴一倍。注:若第二個(gè)as用作連詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)表示將來(lái)意義的從句,則該從句可用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái),也可直接使用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。其間接形容詞時(shí),有時(shí)該形容詞還可修飾另一名詞,但這個(gè)名詞應(yīng)帶有不定冠詞(注意詞序):She is as good a cook as her mother. 她和她媽媽一樣是位好廚師。as...as...結(jié)構(gòu)用法講解一、as…as 結(jié)構(gòu)的基本用法其基本意思為“與……一樣”,其中的第一個(gè)as為副詞,其后通常接形容詞或副詞(用原級(jí)),第二個(gè)as可用作介詞(后接名詞或代詞)或連詞(后接從句)。(2) 作為比較級(jí)來(lái)使用的,后面可以插入名詞,意思是“……一樣”。I saw your brother as late as last week. 上個(gè)禮拜我還看到你哥哥。Building costs ran up to as much as $ 20 million. 建筑費(fèi)用漲到高達(dá)兩千萬(wàn)。例如:(1) 作為固定詞組來(lái)使用的,相當(dāng)于“……那么多”。He has as much money as John (does). 他和約翰一樣有很多錢。例如:This is as good an example as the other is. 這和另外一個(gè)一樣是個(gè)好例子。但是,像上面那樣的例子多了,就產(chǎn)生一個(gè)問(wèn)題:不少學(xué)生都以為as ...as 中間只有形容詞。例如:He is as handsome as his brother (is). 他和他哥哥一樣英俊。(不能說(shuō)…more than I had ordered it.)as can be中as的用法 as…as can [could] be結(jié)構(gòu)通常可譯為“極其”“非?!薄耙唷投唷?。(不能說(shuō)…as it had been expected.)Anne’s going to join us, as was agreed last ,安妮將加入到我們中間來(lái)。比較下面一句,given為過(guò)去分詞,用作后置定語(yǔ):The book given to him was an English novel. (= The book which was given to him was an English novel). 送給他的那本書是本英語(yǔ)小說(shuō)。注意,given 后也可接 that 從句。(=If we give them time…或If they are given time…)Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. 要是對(duì)這些樹多加注意,它們會(huì)長(zhǎng)得更好。如:Given time, they’ll probably agree. 給以時(shí)間的話,他們可能會(huì)同意。Given her interest in children, I’m sure teaching is the right career for her. 鑒于她對(duì)小孩的興趣,我敢肯定教書是她最適合的職業(yè)。They were to meet at a given time and place. 他們定了個(gè)特定時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)見面。Their marriage was as stormy as had been 。(不能說(shuō)… as I did it last year)They sent more than I had 。關(guān)于as...as 結(jié)構(gòu)的幾個(gè)句式在講到形容詞比較級(jí)as...as 時(shí),絕大多數(shù)講的都是 as +形容詞+ as 結(jié)構(gòu)。He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他不能有你跑得那么快。這里給幾個(gè)例子,請(qǐng)大家仔細(xì)研究一下,提一點(diǎn)請(qǐng)大家注意,就是:形容詞后面(包括many/much) 的名詞有單數(shù)、有復(fù)數(shù)、有不可數(shù)。She has as many friends as Mary (does). 她和瑪麗一樣有許多朋友。同樣,在 ...many/much... 后面可以插入名詞,形成 as...many/much +名詞...as 的句式。I gave the beggar as much as 1,00 yen. 我給了這乞丐整整一百元。He came home as late as two in the morning. 他遲至清晨?jī)牲c(diǎn)才回家。We walked as far as the railroad station. 我們走到火車站那樣遠(yuǎn)的地方。Comets are just as much members of the sun’s family as (are) the other planets. 彗星和其他的行星同樣是太陽(yáng)家族的成員。I haven’t got as much money as I thought. 我不像原來(lái)想像的有那么多錢。We’ve got food for as many people as want it. 我們的食物,無(wú)論多少人吃都?jí)蛄?。如:He doesn’t play half as well as his sister. 他演奏的水平不及他姐姐的一半。另外,若意思明確,有時(shí)可省略第二個(gè)as及其后的相關(guān)詞語(yǔ)。 Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是對(duì)的。 You may do whatever you want to do. 無(wú)論你想做什么事,你都可以做。 I’m going to learn whatever my tutor wishes. 我將學(xué)習(xí)任何我的導(dǎo)師愿意我學(xué)的東西。 2. 用于引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 Whatever we said, he39。 Don’t lose heart whatever difficulties you meet. 不管遇到什么困難都不要灰心。ll meet here tonight. 不管發(fā)生什么事情,我們今晚都在這兒碰頭。如: Whatever your argument, I shall hold to my decision. 不管你怎樣爭(zhēng)辯,我還是堅(jiān)持自己的決定While用法小結(jié)一、while作名詞用,表示“一會(huì)兒”“一段時(shí)間” likes to lie down for a while after lunch. 她喜歡午飯后躺一會(huì)兒。引起讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,意思是“雖然…但是….”、“盡管…但是…”(多放于句首) he loves his students,he is very strict with them. 雖然他愛他的學(xué)生,可是他對(duì)他們很嚴(yán)格。三、While作并列連詞用,意思為“而,然而”,表對(duì)比?!on was having a good meal at home,while the parents were working in the fields.兒子在家吃好飯而父母卻在田里辛勤勞作。但以下句型一定用when,作并列連詞:句型A:be about to do…when…正要做…這時(shí)(發(fā)生另一事)句型B:was/were doing…when…正在…這時(shí)(發(fā)生另一事)句型C:had done…when…剛要做…這時(shí)(發(fā)生另一事) were about to set out when it began to rain.我們剛要出發(fā)天突然下雨了。as則表示兩個(gè)變化中的動(dòng)作的同時(shí)性,譯為“一邊…一邊…”。s in good condition,but I should sell it ____ it still runs. 答案:一。t know them 。when“趁著例: It is a beautiful city. 這是一座美麗的城市。我們不說(shuō):The alike birds...。我們說(shuō):atomic energy(原子能),而不說(shuō):*The energy is atomic. 常見的定語(yǔ)形容詞還有:countless, cubic, digital, east, eastern, eventual, existing, federal, indoor, institutional, introductory, investigative, lone, maximum, nationwide, neighboring, north, northern, occasional, outdoor, phonetic, remedial, reproductive, south, southern, supplementary, underlying, west, western, woolen 等。我們說(shuō):The war had many ill consequences.(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)造成了很多惡劣后果)。英漢兩種語(yǔ)言中,定語(yǔ)在句中的順序有其相同之處,也有其不同之處。 一、 英語(yǔ)中兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上前置定語(yǔ)漢譯時(shí)的順序問(wèn)題 、數(shù)詞、冠詞等之間的順序: 英語(yǔ)專有形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)通常放在描述形容詞、數(shù)詞和冠詞之后,但是譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí),專有形容詞一般需移至他們之前。英語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于China’s ancient history,所以這里的專有形容詞Chinese譯成漢語(yǔ)完全可以移至描述形容詞之前,應(yīng)譯為”中國(guó)古代史”。 II.一般形容詞之間的順序: 這里所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)一般形容詞,泛指除了專有形溶詞以外的所有其它形容詞。又如There are other theoretical possibilities,不宜譯為“其它理論上的可能性”,這樣譯法可能給人一種錯(cuò)覺(jué),好象“其它”修飾“理論”,應(yīng)把other與theoretical之間的次序顛倒,譯為“理論上的其它可能性”。二、符合漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣。 這句原文中的兩個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)of good will和 in the Arab countries都修飾people,譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)宜把第二個(gè)后置定語(yǔ)in the Arab countries移至第一個(gè) of good will之前。例如: 7. Another wellknown instance of the role of chance is connected with the discovery of penicillin by Fleming. 偶然性作用的另一個(gè)眾所周知的例子,是弗來(lái)明發(fā)現(xiàn)青霉素。 初學(xué)者翻譯時(shí),往往按照原文中的先后順序,譯為“石油是最大液體燃料的來(lái)源”,這樣譯法容易產(chǎn)生誤解,好象是“(最大的)”修飾“液體燃料”,但原文中的 the largest無(wú)疑修飾source ,譯成漢語(yǔ)應(yīng)將“液體燃料”移至“最大”之前,即將后置定語(yǔ) of liquid fuel放在前置定語(yǔ)largest之前,所以譯為“石油是液體燃料的最大來(lái)源”。然而,語(yǔ)言的現(xiàn)象千變?nèi)f化,翻譯的靈活性有很大。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞, 。Which 指物, 在從句中作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),Which 在作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。從句中作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞不能省略。 . Who is the ma
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