【正文】 t only Jim but also a great number of other slaves have to endure such an ill treatment. During Huck and Jim’s voyage down the Mississippi, they get to know many Negroes are killed or arrested now and then, so they have to hide and sleep in the daytime and walk at night. At a port, in order to catch five runaway niggers the entire town went out with loaded arms, they searched everywhere and even stoped the passing ships to check whether there are niggers. To earn money, they try every method to catch niggers, just as Parker tells Huck, “If you see any runaway niggers, you get help and nab them, and you can make some money by it” (2003, p110). The above demonstrates that not only slave owners can sell slaves freely, but also ordinary whites. The slavery is so prevailing that the buying or selling slaves is very mon. White adults’ attitude to slavesIn Chapter 32, we can see the following conversation between Huck and Aunt Sally.“It warn’t the grounding – that didn’t keep us back but a little. We blowed out a cylinderhead.” “Good gracious! Anybody hurt?” “No’m. killed a nigger.” “Well, it’s lucky。 then that other man’s brother kills him。 ‘tain’t right and ‘tain’t fair for you to stay that all the time, and never give nobody a chance。 then the cousins chip in – and by and by everybody’s killed off, and there ain’t no more feud. But it’s kind of slow, and takes a long time”(2003, p130).From these words, we can see that it is no one but the socalled civilized society that is so indifferent to people’s lives. Buck, who is just a little boy, is inculcated with the ideas of revenging others and the feud will be deeply rooted in his mind. It is so miserable and satirical for Buck to kill his enemies. Under the effects of his ancestors, he even can not distinguish good from bad, right from wrong. Just as Buck’s saying, the feud ends when all people are dead. At last, Grangerford’s four sons are killed and the situation gets worse, which displays the brutality and stupidity of patriarchal clan system.In Chapter 21, Boggs is killed cruelly by Sherburn. It is such a terrible murder, while other people just treat it as a topic for talking after meals. Some even say: “Say, now, you’ve looked enough。 and after that, Jim is bitten by the dead snake’s mate. On the other hand, just being a little, innocent boy, Huck was not affected profoundly. After playing a trick again on Jim, Huck feels so regretful that he makes a decision not to play any more tricks on Jim. This is the beginning of Huck’s change.Furthermore, getting to know Jim, Huck believes that Jim cares just as much for his family as white folks do for their own, and considers him a very good and smart nigger. But Huck’s understanding is not profound and short of strong support. After hiding the money in the coffin, which is cheated by the king and the duke, Huck witnesses the miserable sufferings of the niggers in the Wilks’ house. “A couple of niggertraders e along, and the king sold them the niggers reasonable, for therrday drafts as they called it, and away they went, the two sons up the river to Memphis, and their mother down the river to Orleans” (2003, p220). The painful sight of separation not only shows an endurably terrible picture, a cutting denunciation of slavery but also tells Huck that the slavery in the society is crude and inhumanity. In this way, Huck understands the racial discrimination in American society and he changes his own prejudice to slaves gradually.In Chapter 31, Huck’s contradictory thoughts e to a climax, because he faces a big moral problem between his “sound heart” and the “deformed conscience”. The laws of the society say he must return Jim to his “owner”. Therefore, Huck writes a letter to Miss Watson and wants to tell her the truth. However, Huck gradually realizes that Jim is a person instead of an object and he finds that Jim is a kindhearted man, so he hesitates to send the letter which means to betray Jim. “It was a close place. I took it up, and held it in my hand. I was atrembling, because I’d got to decide, forever, betwixt two things, and I knowed it. I studied a minute, sort of holding my breath, and then says to myself:‘All right, then, I’ll go to hell’ – and tore it up” (2003, p257).Realizing a slave is a man, not an “object”, Huck thinks deeply about morality and after a struggle with his conscience he decides to break the law in the slavery society and chooses to go to hell and rescue Jim. It is Huck’s triumph over conscience that makes him decide to steal Jim out of slavery again. The action that Huck decides to rescue Jim changes him from a boy who tries at first to be loyal to the morality of the slave – holding system into one who safeguards the rights of the black people. Jim’s attitude to slaves Although he himself is a black, Jim even looks down upon blacks. In Chapter 14, when Huck asks Jim how Jim will deal with people who can’t municate with him in language, Jim answers: “I wouldn’t think nuffn。 畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計）Realism in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 12. Realistic themes in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 3 Characterization 3 Huck 3 Jim 7 Slavery 9 The bad treatment of slaves 9 White adults’ attitude to slaves 10 Huck’s attitude to slaves 12 Jim’s attitude to slaves 132. 3 Exposition of objectivity 14 Fatuity 15 Money worship 163. Conclusion 17References 18The Civil War broke out in 1861, which marked a change in America. Before the Civil War, America had essentially a rural, agrarian, isolated republic, which’s idealistic, confident, and selfreliant inhabitants for the most part believed in God. Most Americans had a strong view that America was the most democratic and civilized country in the world. After the Civil War, the United States was transformed into an industrial and urban nation. On the surface there were elegance, security and fort。 because sometimes people do get hurt” (200