【正文】
tiger is in _____ danger of being extinct. A. the, a B. the, 不填6C. a, 不填 D. 不填, the7. He spent too much time talking on ______ phone while we were all busy at _____ work.A. the, 不填 B. a, 不填C. 不填, 不填 D. the, the8. As _______ unemployment is very high at the moment, it’s very difficult for people to find _______ work.A. the, 不填 ,不填C. the, a D. an, the9. Apartments in cities can be quite high. Renters are paying up to $1,000 per month for _______ bedroom apartment.A. one a B. the one C. one D. a one10. The education of ______ young is always ______ hot and serious topic.A. 不填, 不填 B. the, aC. 不填, the D. the, 不填11. I often have conversations with John over ______ telephone, while keep in touch with Tom by ______ letter.A. 不填;the B. 不填;a C. the;不填 D. the。 the D. the。請注意其后 I found it in the corner 這一信息,它表明說明者是拿著筆在與對方說話。類似以下各題的答案是 C 不是其他:(1) Before he was arrested, he had taken _______ onemonth holiday, and stayed in the country with ________ 18yearold girl, one of his students.A. a, a B. an, anC. a, an D. an, a (2) We hired _______ oneeyed man to play in our film, and we gave him _______ 100pound check for just one minute.A. a, an B. an, aC. a, a D. an, an5. “Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _____ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.”A. a, the B. the, theC. a, a D. the, a【陷阱】誤選 A,生搬硬套冠詞用法規(guī)則:第一次提到某人或某事物用不定冠詞,第二次再提到該人或該事物時(shí)用定冠詞。Not all men grow beards. 并不是所有的男人都留胡須。hair 和 beard 在用法上并不完全相同:hair 可用作可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,用作可數(shù)名詞時(shí),指一根一根的毛發(fā)或頭發(fā),如說 There’s a hair in my soup (我的湯里有根頭發(fā));用作不可數(shù)名詞(集合名詞)時(shí),則是整體地指一個(gè)人的頭發(fā)。如:He came on the Sunday and went away on the Monday. 他星期日來,星期一就走了。如:There have been many changes in the history of the English language. 英語發(fā)展過程中有很多變革。如:(1) 當(dāng)語言名詞表特指意義,其前可用定冠詞。此題選 C 的理由是:句中的 around 不是介詞,而是副詞,意為“ 在附近” ;其后的 where 引導(dǎo)定語從句用以修飾其前的地點(diǎn)名詞 hospital,句意為:附近有沒有一家醫(yī)院,我可以去治我的手傷?類似的例子我們就不再羅列了,您若對此有興趣,您若覺得您在這方面還比較薄弱,您若覺得這些知識對您還有必要,請繼續(xù)往下讀,后面的內(nèi)容會更豐富、更精彩。怎么樣,再看最后一題:4. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”A. that B. whichC. where D. what此題該選哪個(gè)答案?你可能毫不猶豫地選了 B,是嗎?你的想法很可能是:around 是介詞,選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital,在此用作介詞 around 的賓語。其實(shí)最佳答案是 B,因?yàn)橛⒄Z中的 convenient 不是表示“感到方便的”,而是表示“使人感到方便的”,所以 be convenient 的主語通常不能是“人”。有點(diǎn)收獲吧,再請做做以下類似試題:(1) I know ______ is important to know my own limitations, but _______ is difficult is to help others to know their own limitations.A. it, it B. what, whatC. it, what D. what, it(2) Yes, ______ is difficult to find a job nowadays, but _____ is more difficult is try to find such a job with a high salary but little things to do.2A. it, it B. what, whatC. it, what D. what, it答案選什么,估計(jì)你不會選錯了,你若還不放心,請往本書后面有關(guān)去找找,那里有明確的答案。分析有道理嗎?有點(diǎn)啟發(fā)嗎?你可要客觀地評價(jià)噢!請?jiān)倏匆活}:2. Everyone knows that _______ is dangerous to play with fire, but _______ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.A. it, it B. what, whatC. it, what D. what, it這次可要想好!請拿定主意,選 C 還是選 D?未作決定之前請不要往后看!你的分析可能是這樣的:此題既不選 C,也不選 D,而是選 A。在 A 和 B 兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選項(xiàng) A 肯定不行,因?yàn)樗龑?dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)不能充當(dāng)句子成分,所以只能選 B 了。不信你就看看下面幾道題:1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.A. that B. whatC. that that D. what what仔細(xì)想想看,選 A 還是選 B?請給出你的決定——未作決定之前請不要往后看!你的分析可能是這樣的:選項(xiàng) C 和 D 不太可能是正確答案,因?yàn)橄襁@樣兩個(gè)“引導(dǎo)詞”疊用的情況一般不可能。假若去掉句末的 meant,則答案就是 B 了。此題的最佳答案是 C:第一空填形式主語,真正的主語是其后的不定式 to play with fire;而第二空應(yīng)填 what,what is difficult 是主語從句,注意 what is difficult 后的謂語動詞 is。我猜你的答案不是 A 就可能是 C,因?yàn)槟憧赡軐h語中的“如果你方便的話”直譯為 if you are convenient 或 if you feel convenient 了。The furniture is convenient to move. / It is convenient to move the furniture. 這家具搬起來很方便。你的分析并不算太錯,但問題是,照你的分析,此句的意思便是:有沒有這樣一家醫(yī)院,我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷?這樣的語境顯然有點(diǎn)不合情理,因?yàn)槿藗兺ǔJ窃卺t(yī)院里面治傷,而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。在英語中,表示語言的名詞前通常不用冠詞,但在某些特殊情況下可用冠詞。如:What’s the English for this? 這個(gè)東西用英語怎么說? (3) 當(dāng)在語言名詞后加上 language 一詞時(shí),也要用冠詞。確實(shí),在通常情況下星期名詞前不用冠詞,但在某些特殊情況下還是可以用冠詞的,如表示特指,其前可用定冠詞;表示“某一個(gè)”或受描繪性定語修飾表示“某種”這樣的意義等,其前可用不定冠詞?!痉治觥孔罴汛鸢高x D。而 beard 則通常只用作可數(shù)名詞,且指的是一個(gè)人所有的胡須,而不是指一根胡須,它的復(fù)數(shù)形式,通常是指多個(gè)人的胡須,而不是指多根胡須,如:He no longer wears a beard. 他不再留胡須。第一空填 a,因?yàn)?oneact 的讀音是 [],它的第一個(gè)音是輔音不是元音;第二空填 an,是因?yàn)?11 的英文是 eleven[],它的第一個(gè)音是元音不是輔音。請比較下面一題: “Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _____ black one? I found it in the corner.”A. a, the B. the, theC. a, a D. the, a此題的最佳答案是 A 不是 C。 theC. the?!痉治觥孔罴汛鸢笧?A。 theC. the。 aC. a。 theC. the。 不填C. the。 the D. a。4. 選 B,Sunday 前用不定冠詞,表示 “某一個(gè)”。on the phone 和 at work 均為習(xí)語,其中一個(gè)帶冠詞,一個(gè)不帶冠詞。a one bedroom apartment 意為“一套只帶一間臥室的套房”。over [on] the telephone 為習(xí)語,意為“通過電話”;若用 by telephone 則不用冠詞,類似地,by letter(通過信件)也不用冠詞。第一空填 the,表特指;第二空填 a,表泛指,as good a school as No. Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University 意為“ 與湖南師大附中一樣好的一所中學(xué)”。NBA 中的 N 讀音為 [],即前面一個(gè)音為元音,故填 an 不填 a;第二空填 a 表泛指,泛指任何一場比賽。knowledge 雖為不可數(shù)名詞,但其前卻可用不定冠詞,表示某種程度的知識,有類似some 的意思;第二空不填冠詞,是因?yàn)?trade 為不可數(shù)名詞,表示泛指時(shí)不用冠詞。原則上說,專有名詞前不用冠詞,但在些特殊情況下也可用冠詞。the black and white cat 可視為 the black cat and the white cat 之省略。newspaper 和 tear 均為可數(shù)名詞,它們不僅可以連用不定冠詞、可以用復(fù)數(shù),而且還可以連用數(shù)詞。A newspaper is a publication. 報(bào)紙是一種出版物。即此題正確答案為 B。如下面一題也是選 A:She is not a petent driver and can’t cope with driving in _______.A. heavy traffic B. heavy trafficsC. crowded traffic D. crowded traffics4. In fact, _______ one cause that leads to the problem. A. cattle is B. cattle areC. cattles are D. the cattles are【陷阱】此題容易誤選 A,想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為 cattle 是單數(shù),并且空格有表單數(shù)的 one,自然謂語動詞用is。The prisoners were herded like cattle. 囚犯像牲口一樣被趕到一起。It annoys me when people fet to say “thank you”. 遇到有人忘記道謝的時(shí)候,我就不痛快。10此題正確答案為 C,by all means 為習(xí)語,意為“ 一定”、“盡一切辦法”。若句意不能明確地表明主語的單復(fù)數(shù),其謂語則用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)均可。so kind a person 相當(dāng)于 such a kind person,注意兩者中冠詞的位置不同。He has made friends with everyone here. 他與這兒的每個(gè)人交上了朋友。盡管有的詞書也有 two dozen of 這樣的用例,但這已屬過時(shí)用法,在考試中應(yīng)避免,如 1992 年全國高考有一道單項(xiàng)選擇題就認(rèn)為 two dozen of 為錯誤選項(xiàng):Shortly after the accident, _____ police were sent to