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ty offers special advantages. 答案: B 測試點:主謂數(shù)的一致?,F(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞有時會被故意用錯,應記住現(xiàn)在分詞有“正在進行”的意義,而過去分詞則給人“已經(jīng)完成”的感覺。 分析: dates是謂語動詞,前面缺少主語。解題要點;連詞 even though 如引導主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的從句,則常常省去主語和系詞 be,此句即省掉了 the diesel engine is.在結(jié)構(gòu)題中的四個答案中如有 even though,應當首考慮這個選擇。此從句中 that 作主語,不可省略,故 (D)錯。但 (A)中what與 it重復,故選 (C)。 (A)、 (C)均無連接詞, (B)不是完整的句子。 (C)(D)是介詞, (A)是副詞,均不可連接從句。 解題要點; Not until 十倒裝句是 TOEFL??碱}型。 8. __________1895 did Cornell University begin to offer a degree in ornithology. (A) Not until (B) Not since (C) Until (D) In 答案: A 測試點:倒裝句。 (A)、 (B)是謂語動詞形式,不能作定語。 6. __________the history of the tough, strongwilled Nebraska farmer. (A) Not only is much of the history of Nebraska (B) Although it is much of the history of Nebraska that is (C) It is much the history of Nebraska’s being (D) Much of the history of Nebraska is 答案: D 測試點 : 主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。它實際上等于系詞 (be)結(jié)構(gòu)的定語從句省去 which/ that+be 部分,只保留分詞及其后成份。 4 個答案中無完整的從句,只有 (A)是過去分詞,可與橫線后的polygons組成短語,故選 (A)。(A)指時間; (C)指原因; (D)指事物;且與從句中的主語 the thigh bone 重復。 分析:空格前是名詞性成份,作句子主語,應在答案中選擇謂語動詞,即 (A)。 1989年 05月語法題 1. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while__________. (A) spoken is slander (B) is spoken slander (C) slander is spoken (D) is slander spoken 答案: C 測試點:詞序 /主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。此處 has been為 was。 分析:連詞 and 要求它兩邊是同詞性、同性質(zhì)的成份。 37. A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets carry a supply that last just a few seconds. 答案: D 測試點:主謂數(shù)的一致。此處 threatening 應為 threatened. 36. Since 1971 the regional corporations set up in Alaska by Congress managing everything from fishing to banking. 答案: C 測試點:詞形。解題要點; standstood 分析:表示不確定數(shù)目的短語,如 hundreds of, thousands of, millions of等,均用復數(shù)。 a representative democracy, the people election delegates to an assembly. 答案: C 測試點:詞性。 31. Luminescence refers to the emission of light by means another than heat. 答案: C 測試點: other和 another 的用法。 分析:此處要求名詞作主語,而 begins則是動詞形式。此處副詞 directly應在介詞 opposite之前。 分析: inhibitions 前有連接詞 when,說明其后應為主謂完整的從句。 25. Different species of octopuses may measure anywhere from two inches to over thirty feet in long. 答案: D 測試點:詞性 分析:表示“在長度方面”固定的說法是 in length,不用 long。 分析: One of the+復數(shù)名詞/名詞詞級是固定說法,此處缺 of. 23. The ritual bat of animals are triggered by precise signals. 答案: B 測試點:主謂數(shù)的一致。 分析: carrier是名詞,而此處需要謂語動詞。 20. For years, elephants were hunted for food and ivory, and as a result theirs numbers have been greatly reduced. 答案: B 測試點:詞性。 19. The Appalachian Trail, extending approximately 2,020 miles from Maine to Geia, is the longer continuous marked footpath in the world. 答案: C 測試點:最高級。 分析:此處修飾名詞 nutrients要用形容詞 certain,不用名詞 certainty. 18. Too much electric current may flow into a circuit as a result either of a fault in the circuit and of an outside event such as lightning. 答案: D 測試點:連詞短語 分析: either? or?的用法。 分析: no, not 以及 none 這三個否定詞的用法,常在題 中故意混淆。 offices being more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors. (A) If (B) But (C) With (D) Once 答案: C 測試點:介詞。 14. It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes__________round shape into a teardrop shape. (A) of the drop (B) the drop’s (C) drop of (D) drops their 答案: B 測試點:定語。 分析:分號的作用相當于句號 ,分號前后都應是完整的句子,故選 (B)。 (B)缺 the; (C)及 (D)均未用比較級。應選擇名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)作主語,即 (A)。 Because of 為介詞短語。 9. __________irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued. (A) Its (B) Where its (C) Since its (D) Because of its 答案: D 測試點:介詞短語。它表明此句是復合句,故 that 前后均應是主謂完整的句子,即主句和從句。 分析:空格后緊接 that 時,前一定是主句。 6. Of the millions who saw Haley’s et in 1986, how many people __________long enough to see it return in the twentyfirst century. (A) will they live (B) they will be living (C) will live (D) living 答案: C 測試點:謂語。 (A)為動詞性的分詞詞組; (C)是從句; (D)雖是名詞性的,但不說明身份。 Typical of?短語是表語,應在答案中選擇“系動詞 +主語”的結(jié)構(gòu),即 (C)。 分析:原句主、謂俱缺,應選一完整的主語 +謂語的結(jié)構(gòu),即 (D)。 《 TOEFL 托福 語法 19892022 真題考點全面解析 》 1989年 01月語法題 1. The flexibility of film allows the artist __________ unbridled imagination to the animation of cartoon characters. (A) to bring (B) bringing (C) is brought (D) brings 答案: A 測試點:不定式。 2. Traditionally, __________in New England on Thanksgiving Day. (A) when served is sweet cider (B) when sweet cider is served (C) is served sweet cider (D) sweet cider is served 答案: D 測試點:主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。 分析: Typical of 放在句首的句子,要用倒裝句。 分析:本句 and前后都應是說明身份的名詞性成份,故應選 (B) social reformer與 nurse 并列。 (A)是謂語動詞的否定式,而 farming 不是謂語動詞: (B)可以說 does no harm (to),但不能說does no harming; (C)雖為介詞,但意思不對。 7. __________that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions. (A) Anthropologists have discovered (B) Anthropologists discovering (C) The discovery by anthropologists (D) Discovered by anthropologists 答案: A 測試點:復合句。 解題要點:連接詞 that 在 TOEFL 結(jié) 構(gòu)題中是至關(guān)重要的提示符號。答案中只有 (D)是名詞結(jié)構(gòu),能夠充當主語。因此,選擇 (D)。 分析:助動詞 must 前一定是主語。 (A)同樣以 the greater 開頭,其后結(jié)構(gòu)亦相同,故選 (A)。 __________future events. (A) even influencing (B) it may even influence (C) may even influence (D) that it may even influence 答案: B 測試點:分號結(jié)構(gòu)。 分析: As a child 是 一介詞短語,作狀語,后面是完整的句子。另,注意 change為及物動詞,后面直接加賓語,無須再加任何介詞,故排除 (A)。 16. Not woman held a presidential cabi position in the United States until 1933, when Frances Perkins became secretary of labor. 答案: A 測試點:否定詞。 17. The human body relies on certainty nutrients for its survival. 答案: C 測試點:詞性。 解題要點; either? or, neither? nor, both? and等連詞習語為 TOEFL ??碱}型,注意其前后搭配。 解題要點;當 TOEFL 改錯題中出現(xiàn)劃線的形容詞或副詞的比較級或最高級形式時,應注意其用法是否正確。 21. Barges which carrier most of the heavy freight on rivers and canals are usually propelled by towing. 答案 : A 測試點:詞性。 22. Although afflicted by serious eyesight prob