【正文】 y,‖ Mamo says. ―The title of the book is Sunday, but you may keep the book in your room and look at it any time you want. Every day, we will choose a page and you will learn the words 鐘候波 under the picture. Yes?‖ Eyebrows up. A question. The book is for her. This she understands. Yes. Her fingers touch the cover but she has to be still or she will make Mamo annoyed. ―星期日 ‖嬤嬤說道， ―這本書的題目是星期日，你可以把這本書放到你的臥室，隨時(shí)都可以閱讀，每天選一頁(yè)，學(xué)會(huì)圖畫下的單詞，聽見了嗎？ ‖ 這本書是給她的，這她懂，是的，她的手觸動(dòng)著封面，她必須這樣， 要不嬤嬤會(huì)生氣的。這個(gè)詞是由黃繩構(gòu)成，彎彎曲曲繞過輪船的甲板，那兒一個(gè)大胡子船長(zhǎng)掌舵，旁邊坐著一個(gè)赤腳的小男孩。一棵分叉的老樹拖著長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的樹影斜穿過田野，因?yàn)橛浿约旱?任務(wù)，格蘭麗亞轉(zhuǎn)回身，跑回嬤嬤的房間。 ‖格蘭麗亞看著祖母的嘴唇，她明白了，掀起厚重的門簾，使風(fēng)能夠吹到樓梯上，她跑下樓梯，她中止了長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的一瞥，從房子僅有的像艙口的窗戶往外看，即使是在房子的后墻向外看，看的都是平地，沒有水。盡管這樣，他們鐘候波 依然勇敢、樂觀。她和許多其他年輕人一樣被派住歐洲前線。 ―Sorrow can be borne, ‖Grania’s grandmother insists, and here’s enough in this moving story to reassure us of that promise and point to something beyond endurance. Indeed, there are passages here so beautiful that we cannot help straining to hear more. ―沒有吃不了的苦 ‖格蘭麗亞的祖母認(rèn)為，在這個(gè)動(dòng)人的故事中，使我們足以確信這一俗語(yǔ)，并且超出了一個(gè)人的容忍程度。對(duì)她或她小叔來說，沒有奇跡出現(xiàn)。當(dāng)現(xiàn)代科技使我們盲目認(rèn)為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的殺戮可以是精準(zhǔn)的，并且非隨意實(shí)施的時(shí)候，這些關(guān)于連綿不斷的混亂，流血和荒蕪的記事認(rèn)真地提醒我們不要忘記戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的殘酷本質(zhì)。 What’s particularly remarkable about this novel is that Itani’s quiet, measured style, which seems so effective for describing the simple details of domestic life, bees thoroughly stunning when employed in her descriptions of war. From Jim’s initial burst of patriotic enthusiasm, through 鐘候波 stages of blinding terror and sickness ,he trudges on for years in a world ―no one would believe.‖ These anecdotes of continuous chaos, blood, and waste serve as a serous reminder of the nature of battle before technology allowed us to pretend that the process of killing could be precise and objective. 這部小說特別引人注目之處是作者伊塔妮平靜和慎重的寫作風(fēng)格。 But the author also hears the resonance between these two experiences :Jim’s survival often depends on his ability to exercise the same attention as Grania to slight movements around him, and in the roar of shells and gunfire, his men resort to impromptu sign language. Back home, Grania battles the influenza epidemic that will eventually kill more people than World War I killed. 作者也從兩方面重要經(jīng)歷中得到共鳴，吉姆能夠活下來主要依賴他練就的敏感能力 ，正如格蘭麗亞圍繞著他一樣。一條 線索仍然伴隨著格蘭麗亞，另一條線索跟隨吉姆深入戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)內(nèi)部。伊塔妮用敘述者手法使得他們的婚戀變得更加振憾人心。 ―她用臉和身體點(diǎn)標(biāo)點(diǎn)，她的雙眼獲取信息，她全身投入了，她進(jìn)入了一個(gè)手語(yǔ)會(huì)話的新的世界。 After a brief period in a public classroom being alternately ignored or pitied, Grania is sent away 鐘候波 to a progressive school for the deaf, where she cries for two weeks and then resolves never to cry again. The training is difficult, but Grania’s grandmother provided a good foundation. ―Her hands, to her surprise, and jerkily at first, begin to send ideas out, ‖Itani writes. ―Her face and body punctuate。在狹窄的走廊過道上觀察反射回的自己的嘴唇，她一點(diǎn)一滴地，分別學(xué)習(xí)每一個(gè)詞。最初學(xué)習(xí)過程是學(xué)習(xí)簡(jiǎn)單圖片和單詞，讓她手觸外祖母喉嚨，同時(shí)要注意觀察別人嘴唇的輕微振動(dòng)。伊塔妮描述了一個(gè)充滿聾啞女孩思想情感節(jié)奏的生動(dòng)的故事。盡管加拿大人讀伊塔妮的作品已幾十年了，但出版商還是把她的這部小說定位在美洲首發(fā)，并且這部小說每一章頁(yè)都有有違于這位成熟作家的以前的寫作手法。我們本能地同時(shí)在三個(gè)層面上聽音樂。每支樂曲都有它的主題，但是，不同的人對(duì)同樣的音樂有不同的感悟。在這個(gè)層面上，聽音樂的方法最簡(jiǎn)單。我注意到，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和想取勝的欲望違背了我們的學(xué)校精神，違背了學(xué)校通過比賽達(dá)到全校同學(xué)共同參與的初衷。 because in order to write his music, the poser must also be inside and outside his music, carried away by it and yet coldly critical of it. A subjective attitude is implied in both creating and listening to music. 一句話，明智的聽眾同時(shí)能夠穿進(jìn)音樂，又能穿出音樂，評(píng)判它，欣賞它， ……就像作曲家創(chuàng)作的時(shí)刻，為了寫好音樂，作曲家必須深入到音樂里面，然后再跳出來，一方面，要陶醉于它，一方面又冷靜地評(píng)判它，那才是創(chuàng)作音樂和欣賞音樂的主觀態(tài)度。他必須會(huì)唱旋律、節(jié)奏、和聲，有意識(shí)的欣賞音色。它 也不僅僅闡明一個(gè)事情。 While listening, each listener feels for himself the specific expressive quality of a theme or, the same thing to you each time you return to it. 當(dāng)聽音樂時(shí)，一整段音樂，每一位聽眾都聽到不同的表達(dá)主題，有時(shí)是相似的。它都能夠表達(dá)出每一種不同的情緒。這些音樂會(huì)令他們想像出火車，暴風(fēng)雨，葬禮等或其他相類似概念。我認(rèn)為所有的音樂都有表現(xiàn)力，有的強(qiáng)些，有的弱些。不要以為音樂的價(jià)值就與它的感官感染力相稱，不要以為最美麗動(dòng)聽的音樂就是由偉大的作曲家創(chuàng)造的。感官層面在音樂中是很重要的一個(gè)層面。 The simplest way of listening to music is to listen for the sheer pleasure of the musical sound itself. That is the sensuous plane. It is the plane on which we hear music without chinking, without considering it in any way. One turns on the radio while doing something else and absentmindedly bathes in the sound .A kind of brainless but attractive state of mind is engendered by the mere sound appeal of the music. 最簡(jiǎn)單的聽音樂方式就是聽樂聲給我們帶來純粹的愉悅，這是感官層面。也可以這么說，在某種程度上，我們聽音樂分為三個(gè)不同的 層次，因找不到更好的術(shù)語(yǔ)，可這樣命名（ 1）感官層面（ 2）表義層面（ 3）純音樂層面。 Yes, the sound appeal of music is a potent and primitive force. This appeal to every normal human being is selfevident. The sensuous plane is an important one in music, a very important one, but it does not constitute the whole story. 是的，音樂聲的感染力是強(qiáng)有力的，并且是原始的力量，這種感染力對(duì)每一個(gè)正常的人來說是不言而喻的。所有的作曲者不可能按同一種方式組織材料。 The secondary plane on which music exists is what I have called the expressive one. My own belief is that all music has an expressive power, some more and some less, but all music has a certain meaning behind the notes and that that meaning behind 鐘候波 the notes constitutes, after all, what the piece is saying, what the piece is about, This whole problem can be stated quite simply by asking, ―Is there a meaning to music?‖ My answer to that would be. ―Yes‖ And ―Can you state in so many words what the meaning is ?‖My answer to that would be, ―No.‖ Therein lies the difficulty. 音樂存在的第二層面就是我所謂的表義層面。 Simpleminded souls will never be satisfied with the answer to the second of these question. They always want music to have a meaning, and the more concrete it is the better they like it. The more the music reminds them of a train, a storm, a funeral, or any other familiar conception, the more expressive it appears to be to them. This popular idea of music‘s meaning stimulated and abetted by the usual run of music mentator should be discouraged wherever and whenever it is met. 頭腦簡(jiǎn)單的人們會(huì)對(duì)第二問題的答案很不滿意，他們認(rèn)為音樂一定有意思，并且意思越具體，他們就 越喜歡它。 Music expresses, at different moments, serenity or exuberance, regret or triumph, fury or delight. It expresses each of these moods, and many others,