社會壓力與監(jiān)管力量對公司主動重述不法收入的影響-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 rch on restatements, while vast, has yet to explore the social and regulatory forces that influence the likelihood of a firm restating its earnings, nor has it investigated the impact of these informal and formal sanctions on the likelihood of a firm voluntarily ing forward and admitting wrongdoing. The Effects of Social and Regulatory Forces on the Voluntary Restatement of Earnings Comparing with previous studies ? Prior research on corporate governance and pliance has not examined how formal and informal external forces affect a firm’s decision to voluntarily disclose past wrongdoing The Effects of Social and Regulatory Forces on the Voluntary Restatement of Earnings Comparing with previous studies ? “our study” ： ? The contribution of this study lies in its focus on explaining and testing how external social and regulatory factors induce firms’ voluntary disclosure of past wrongdoing as measured by voluntary restatement of earnings. The Effects of Social and Regulatory Forces on the Voluntary Restatement of Earnings Comparing with previous studies ? We find that both industrylevel selfregulatory mechanisms and formal sanctions can influence the firm’s decision to e forward and admit its malfeasance ? Our study finds a negative impact of formal regulatory forces (via direct government intervention) on the likelihood of a firm ing forward and disclosing wrongdoing. It also establishes that higher firm status reduces the impact of certain industry leader and peer pressures on ing forward. The Effects of Social and Regulatory Forces on the Voluntary Restatement of Earnings Some instructions for this study ? Some instructions for this study ? Our study extends corporate governance research by demonstrating that informal social forces can prompt firms to undertake voluntary actions 。 The Effects of Social and Regulatory Forces on the Voluntary Restatement of Earnings （三）測驗分析 — 結(jié)果 ? Table 1： Descriptive Statistics and Correlations ? Table 2 ： Cox Proportional Hazard Model Results for Voluntary Restatements The Effects of Social and Regulatory Forces on the Voluntary Restatement of Earnings Variable Mean . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 121. Voluntary 2. Option pct ??3. Audit mtgs. ?? ??4. Assets (000) ? ??5. Leverage ? ?? ?? ??6. ROA ? ?? ? ?? ? ?? 7. Multi. restate ?? ?? ?? 8. Perf. leader ?? ? ?? ??9. Size leader ?? ? ?? ?? ??10. Peer restaters ?? ?? ?? ? ? ? ?? ?? ?? ??11. Shared auditor ?? ?? ?? ? ? ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??12. Forced restaters ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ??13. Status ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ?? ??Table 1 Descriptive Statistics and Correlations ? p ； ?? pThe Effects of Social and Regulatory Forces on the Voluntary Restatement of Earnings Variable Model 1 HR Model 2 HR Model 3 HR Model 4 HR Model 5 HR Model 6 HRControlsOption percentage Audit mittee mtgs. ??????????????Assets 1 . 00 ? 1 . 00 ? Leverage ROA Multiple restatements ??????????????????Predictors( t ? 1 )??????????????????H1A: Perf. leader ??????????????????H1B: Size leader ???????????H1C: Peer restaters ??????????????????H1D: Shared auditor 0 . 78 ? 0 . 80 ? H2: Forced restatersinteractions(t ? 1 )Status 0 . 97 ? 0 . 97 ??H 3 A : Status ? perf . Leader 0 . 93 ?H 3 A : Status ? size leader ??H 3 A : Status ? peer restaters ???H 3 A : Status ? shared auditor H 3 B : Status ? forced restaters Observations Subjects Loglikelihood ? 902 . 40 ? 882 . 93 ? 881 . 31 ? 876 . 32 ? 885 . 07 ? 885 . 09X2 Table 2 Cox Proportional Hazard Model Results for Voluntary Restatements?p 9 . 10 。P 1,500 should make for a more conservative sample for testing the hypotheses in this study. The Effects of Social and Regulatory Forces o
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