【正文】 兩全其美。生活垃圾中各種對環(huán)境有毒有害的物質(zhì)未經(jīng)任何處理就融入土壤 ,潛在危害極大。且不說大量堆放的垃圾產(chǎn)生的令人窒息的惡臭和成群的蚊蠅蟲鼠 。 這兩種主要的城市生活垃圾的處理辦法并不是長久之計，城市化的日益加快，城市人口的不斷增加，堆積的垃圾迫切需要一套成熟的設(shè)備和流程線來進(jìn)行處理，可是基于城市生活垃圾的特殊性，技術(shù)的發(fā)展上還存在一定的難度。這些特性所帶來的根本是：分離的效率和純度很難掌控到一個令人滿意的程度。這種類型的公司有很多，且都具備了一定程度的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)和設(shè)備要求。目前國內(nèi)市場高質(zhì)量的銅米緊缺，供不應(yīng)求，銷售市場前景很好。 工業(yè)垃圾 如今隨著社會的日益進(jìn) 步，工業(yè)發(fā)展飛速，但隨之而來的不僅僅是高端科技產(chǎn)品的亮相，還有數(shù)不盡的工業(yè)垃圾，這些工業(yè)垃圾，絕大部分都是產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)過程中所遺留的廢渣或工業(yè)下腳料，企業(yè)在處理這些垃圾所耗費的費用上也是一筆巨大的數(shù)字。 農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方面每年都會產(chǎn)生大量的廢棄物，但是其中有絕大部分并沒有被充分利用，相比于國外發(fā)達(dá)國家的機械化區(qū)域性農(nóng)業(yè)化生產(chǎn)，發(fā)展中國家農(nóng)業(yè)上的新興，使得農(nóng)業(yè)垃圾被利用作為沼氣能源更具吸引力，近年來，在農(nóng)業(yè)垃圾的處理上，技術(shù)發(fā)展較快，也較成熟。 [22] （ 2） 工業(yè) 垃圾： 指在工業(yè)、交通等生產(chǎn)活動中產(chǎn)生的采礦廢石、選礦尾礦、燃料廢渣、化工生產(chǎn)及冶煉廢渣等固體廢物，又 被 稱 為 工業(yè)廢渣或工業(yè)垃圾。如國內(nèi)的垃圾主要為 廚余 垃圾 ，其中含有較多的有機物，濕性打。固體廢棄物主要包括城市生活 垃圾 、工業(yè)固 體 垃圾、 農(nóng)業(yè) 垃圾和建筑垃圾等 。有些國家把廢油、廢酸、廢堿、 廢有機溶劑等高濃度 帶有化學(xué)性質(zhì)的 液體也歸為固體廢棄物。 關(guān)鍵詞： 垃圾特性研究；滾筒篩；破袋機設(shè)計；滾 筒篩級數(shù) II life garbage recycling treatment system design DN1500 drum sieve Abstract: The calculation specification is about the drum sieve design of life garbage recycling treatment system to the handing capacity that tasks required,to calculate the structure size of drum sieve and do strength check of the drum ultimate goal is to produce the drum sieve equipment that can be applied into the actual life. The main works of this design are as follows: (1) The design is determined. Design parameters, drum sieve series are included. (2) The process is calculated. Determining drum speed, bank angle of the drum sieve and the power of motor are designed. (3) The structural is designed. The length and diameter of drum sieves are calculated according to the given the handing capacity of appropriate diameter of drum sieves are determined through the study of characteristics of city life garbage. (4) Accessories are designed. The design of the bag breaking machine,the roller frame,the gearing and the roller device are included. (5) The manufacture and installation of the drum sieve , inspection and repair and daily operation notices. (6) The cost is evaluated. The design results show that the design of the drum sieve can be applied to primary select of city life solves the problems in the separation of garbage , and the efficiency of drum sieve can reach the required economic interests. Key words: study on characteristics of garbage, drum sieve, the design of the bag breaking machine, drum sieve series. III 目 錄 ...........................................................................................................................................1 垃圾的來源及處理現(xiàn)狀 ......................................................................................................1 工業(yè)垃圾 .................................................................................................................2 生活垃圾 .................................................................................................................2 課題目標(biāo)、內(nèi)容和擬解決的關(guān)鍵問題 .................................................................................5 課題研究的目標(biāo)和內(nèi)容 ............................................................................................5 課題擬解決的關(guān)鍵問題 ...........................................................................................6 2 確定設(shè)計方案 .............................................................................................................................7 垃圾的組分及特性 .............................................................................................................7 國外城市生活垃圾組分 ............................................................................................7 國內(nèi)城市生活垃圾組分 ............................................................................................7 方案的原理與選擇依據(jù) ......................................................................................................7 方案的原理 ..............................................................................................................7 滾筒篩內(nèi)垃圾的運動分析 .........................................................................................9 方案選擇的依據(jù) .................................................................................................... 15 整個生產(chǎn)線工作情況 ....................................................................................................... 17 滾筒篩尺寸計算 ............................................................................................................. 17 城市生活垃圾的密度 ............................................................................................. 17 滾筒篩傾角 α ......................................................................................................... 17 滾筒篩直徑 D ........................................................................................................ 17 滾筒體長 L ............................................................................................................ 18 滾筒篩篩孔確定 ..................................................................................................... 18 滾筒體內(nèi)垃圾重量與電動機功率計算 ............................................................................... 21 滾筒體內(nèi) 垃圾重量 ................................................................................................. 21 滾筒篩電機功率 P .................................................................................................. 21 破袋機基本尺寸計算 ....................................................................................................... 22 .................................................................................................................................. 24 齒輪軸徑計算 .................................................................................................................. 24 滾筒篩總重量計算 ........................................................................................................... 24 軸的校核 .......................................................................................................................