【正文】 ook down upon瞧不起（別丟了 upon） think of…as認(rèn)為 …是（別丟了 of） look on…as認(rèn)為 …是（別丟了 on） rxplain to sb sth向某人解釋某事（別丟了 to） from behind the door從門后面（別丟了 behind） be worth listening to值得一聽（別丟了 to） 三、題型歸納 ──邏輯型單項(xiàng)填空 這類題型主要從句子的形式、句子的意義來(lái)考查對(duì)英語(yǔ)句子的把握和理解情況，具體表現(xiàn)在主謂一致、意義一致、人稱一致、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及介詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)一致等方面。然而，將題干和選項(xiàng)聯(lián)系起來(lái)考慮，就只有一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。 4. 形容詞和副詞的成分區(qū)別： (1)不能作定語(yǔ)的形容詞 (大多數(shù)以 a 開頭 )： afraid, alike, alive, alone, ashamed, asleep, awake, ill, well, 若要作定語(yǔ)，則分別改用frightened, similar, living, lone, shy, sleeping, waking, sick, healthy。 (6)倍數(shù)的表示法： A is n times bigger than B. as big as the size of John has five times as many books as mine. 3. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)： (1)當(dāng) AB時(shí)，比較級(jí)＋ than (2)當(dāng) AB，且 B包含 A時(shí) He is older than any of the other boys(=any other boy) in his class. 當(dāng) AB，但 B不包含 A時(shí) He is richer than any of the people here. I’m taller than any student of your class. (3)比較級(jí)＋ and＋比較級(jí)：表示自身的變化 The＋比較級(jí)， the＋比較級(jí)：表示隨之變化。 (4)such修飾單數(shù)名詞時(shí)，其詞序?yàn)椋?such+a/an+adj.+n.， such a large room。 (2)形容詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)要后置， something important。常見的有： early, straight, slow, enough, fast, hard, long, firm等。如 therefore意為 “所以 ”，在句中起關(guān)聯(lián)作用。 1. No matter what you see, don’t take it for____, but use your head to think it over. A. grant B. granting C. granted D. grantness 2. When writing, he often keeps a dictionary____. A. in hand B. on hand C. at hand D. hand in 3. His wife often goes to____ on Sundays. A. church B. a church C. the church D. churching 4. It is good for you in your future life____ English. A. have good knowledge of B. to have good knowledge of C. to have a good knowledge of D. has a good knowledge of 5. ____ what he said, he has been to Australia. A. Judge by B. Judged by C. Judging from D. To judge from 6. She is always ready to help others and asking for nothing____. A. in return B. in case C. in addition D. in turn 7. They held a ceremony____ those killed in the battle. A. instead of B. in favor of C. by means of D. in honor of 8. The man____ the shop said we could have two days off. A. in charge of B. in the charge of C. take charge of D. take the charge of 9. When they got to America, they nearly____ money. A. ran out B. ran out of C. ran away D. ran away from 10. Word came that Brown____ the record in yesterday’s match. A. made B. stroke C. beat D. hit 11. Look, little Betty is giving a talk to the children and is____ a teacher. A. somebody of B. anybody like C. something of D. like anything 12. Mr Wang is very old, but he works like a young man. In deed, I can’t admire him____. A. very much B. so well C. too much D. quite well 16 CCACCA 712 DABCCC 第 4課 一、 Language points 1. sth sth for sth prepare+ for sth to do sth be prepared for be prepared to do sth make preparations for 2. They tied for first place in the game. We tied with the visiting team in the basketball match. The dog is tied to a tree. 3. affect vt. 影響 effect n. 效果，作用 have a good/bad effect on in effect事實(shí)上 cause and effect因果 take effect生效，起作用 e into effect生效，實(shí)行 effort n. 努力 without effort毫不 費(fèi)力 make every effort盡一切努力 spare no effort不遺余力 3. weigh vt. 稱 …的重量 vi. 重達(dá) …， 重量為 … put on weight lose weight by weight in meters/pounds/calories by the day/the week/the yard/the dozen/the ton 4. in…參加 …比賽 pete+ with/against…與 …競(jìng)賽 /競(jìng)爭(zhēng) for…角逐 …，為獲取 …而競(jìng)賽 5. Where there is a river, there is a city. Where there is a will, there is a way. Where there is life, there is hope. 6. do sth not do sth do sth than do sth would rather+ =would do sth rather than do sth =prefer to do sth rather than do sth thatclause+ did──表現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái) had done──表過(guò)去 7. do damage to sth live one’s dream in ruins/in pieces under attack/discussion/construction/consideration/treatment 8. almost: 差距比 nearly小。 be careful of/with等。 bring in/bring on等。 take place/take one’s place等。 set about/set out。 fet to do sth/fet doing sth。 frankly speaking。 to tell you the truth。 in front of 與 in the front of。 in bed與 on the bed。 in hospital與 in the hospital。習(xí)語(yǔ)、搭配型單項(xiàng)填空主要考查對(duì)英語(yǔ)習(xí)語(yǔ)及搭配的掌握和運(yùn)用，這就需要在平時(shí)多加注意和積累，切不可想當(dāng)然。 3. 替代詞 one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those的用法。 (2)another, other, the other, others, the others。 suit: 成套的衣服。是一個(gè)沒(méi)有單數(shù)形式的復(fù)數(shù)名詞： A suit of clothes 注：不能直接用數(shù)詞修飾，但可用 many, few, his, my, thse之類的詞修飾，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 4)n+prep.+n.。 6. 獨(dú) 立 主 格 結(jié) 構(gòu) 。有些句子由于中間插入了某些成分，而使句子顯得支離破碎，造成對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的誤解。由于賓語(yǔ)從句或定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)部分行為動(dòng)詞的省略，導(dǎo)致對(duì)不定式作狀語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生誤解。 a/an+專有名詞表 泛指， an Edison。 2. 考查冠詞的習(xí)慣用法。 whose與 prep.+which/whom等。三是注意副詞轉(zhuǎn)化而成的連詞，如 : directly, immediately, instantly等。二是注意時(shí)間名詞短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化而成的連詞，如： every/each time。 5. 連詞的辨析 連詞的區(qū)別主要在于：一是連詞的意義，如： when, while與 as。此外，如 above, over, on。三是注意同根副詞的區(qū)別，如 : hard與 hardly, 前者指猛烈地、努力地；而后者意為幾乎不。 strong與 powerful。其次是要弄清動(dòng)詞的詞義區(qū)別，如 : advise與 persuade, 前者指勸說(shuō)、勸告，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程；而后者指說(shuō)服，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。 三、 題型歸納 ──辨析型單項(xiàng)填空 1. 名詞的辨析 名詞的辨析首先要注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的意義區(qū)別，如 parent指父親或母親，而 parents指父母雙親； people指人們，而 a people指民族。 2. 考查名詞的格，即 ’s所有格， of所有格或雙重所有格。例： It was in the street that I met an old friend yesterday. 二、語(yǔ)法專題 ──名詞 的考點(diǎn) 1. 考查可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，尤其是許多不可數(shù)名詞在一定情況下變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)名詞。 5. 名詞與介詞，冠詞，動(dòng)詞的搭配。 2. 動(dòng)詞的辨析 對(duì)于動(dòng)詞的辨析，首先要了解動(dòng)詞的及物與不及物，如 : reply意為 “回答，答復(fù) ”后面接名詞時(shí)需接介詞 to, 此時(shí)為不及物動(dòng)詞；后接從句時(shí)，則為及物動(dòng)詞。此外，如 wide與 broad。二是注意同形的形容詞和副詞，如 : close作形容詞時(shí)意為 “親密的 ”；作副詞時(shí)意為 “接近，靠攏 ”。 4. 介詞的辨析 對(duì)介詞的辨析要從兩方面入手，一是介詞 的詞義，如 : across, through, past, over為動(dòng)作介詞， across強(qiáng)調(diào)從表面橫過(guò)，越過(guò)； through強(qiáng)調(diào)從空間穿過(guò)； past強(qiáng)調(diào)從側(cè)面、旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)； over強(qiáng)調(diào)從空中越過(guò)而不接觸，也可以表示越過(guò)一段距離、空間等。 to, for的區(qū)別。 though, as與 although等。 the minute等，它們都可作連詞，連接從句。 which與 as。 Eg. He wants wate