microeconomicdemandandsupply-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 sonWesley A Shift of the Demand Curve If the price remains the same but one of the other influences on buyers’ plans changes, demand changes and the demand curve shifts. Demand 169。 2020 Pearson AddisonWesley Expected Future Ine and Credit When expected future ine increases or when credit is easy to obtain, the demand might increase now. Population The larger the population, the greater is the demand for all goods. Preferences People with the same ine have different demands if they have different preferences. Demand 169。 2020 Pearson AddisonWesley A Change in Demand When some influence on buying plans other than the price of the good changes, there is a change in demand for that good. The quantity of the good that people plan to buy changes at each and every price, so there is a new demand curve. When demand increases, the demand curve shifts rightward. When demand decreases, the demand curve shifts leftward. Demand 169。 2020 Pearson AddisonWesley Demand Curve and Demand Schedule The term demand refers to the entire relationship between the price of the good and quantity demanded of the good. A demand curve shows the relationship between the quantity demanded of a good and its price when all other influences on consumers’ planned purchases remain the same. Demand 169。 2020 Pearson AddisonWesley If you demand something, then you 1. Want it, 2. Can afford it, and 3. Have made a definite plan to buy it. Wants are the unlimited desires or wishes people have for goods and services. Demand reflects a decision about which wants to satisfy. The quantity demanded of a good or service is the amount that consumers plan to buy during a particular time period, and at a particular price. Demand 169。3 DEMAND AND SUPPLY 169。 2020 Pearson AddisonWesley A market is any arrangement that enables buyers and sellers to get information and do business with each other. A petitive market is a market that has many buyers and many sellers so no single buyer or seller can influence the price. The money price of a good is the amount of money needed to buy it. The relative price of a good— the ratio of its money price to the money price of the next best alternative good— is its opportunity cost. Market and Prices 169。 2020 Pearson AddisonWesley Substitution Effect When the relative price (opportunity cost) of a good or service rises, people seek substitutes for it, so the quantity demanded of the good or service decreases. Ine Effect When the price of a good or service rises relative to ine, people cannot afford all the things they previously bought, so the quantity demanded of the good or service decreases. Demand 169。 2020 Pearson AddisonWesley Willingness and Ability to Pay A demand curve is also a willingnessandabilitytopay curve. The smaller the quantity available, the higher is the price that someone is willing to pay for another unit. Willingness to pay measures marginal benefit. Demand 169。 2020 Pearson AddisonWesley Expected Future Prices If the expected future price of a
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