全面質(zhì)量管理與醫(yī)院管理(文件)
【正文】 lyzing controlled tests to evaluate the factors that control the value of a parameter or group of parameters. ? 2 Design of Experiments (DoE) refers to experimental methods used to quantify indeterminate measurements of factors and interactions between factors statistically through observance of forced changes made methodically as directed by mathematically systematic tables. 20 FMEAFailure Modes and Effects Analysis 失效模式和效果分析 A procedure and tools that help to identify every possible failure mode of a process or product, to determine its effect on other subitems and on the required function of the product or process. The FMEA is also used to rank prioritize the possible causes of failures as well as develop and implement preventative actions, with responsible persons assigned to carry out these actions. Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) is a disciplined approach used to identify possible failures of a product or service and then determine the frequency and impact of the failure. 》 9 21 The Concept of Continuous Improvement by TQM 持續(xù)質(zhì)量改進(jìn) ? TQM is mainly concerned with continuous improvement in all work, from high level strategic planning and decisionmaking, to detailed execution of work elements on the shop floor. It stems from the belief that mistakes can be avoided and defects can be prevented. It leads to continuously improving results, in all aspects of work, as a result of continuously improving capabilities, people, processes, technology and machine capabilities. ? 從宏觀的戰(zhàn)略計劃和決策到具體工作中的細(xì)節(jié)實施，全面質(zhì)量管理主要與工作中的持續(xù)改進(jìn)有關(guān)。 ? Continuous improvement must deal not only with improving results, but more importantly with improving capabilities to produce better results in the future. ? The five major areas of focus for capability improvement are demand generation, supply generation, technology, operations and people capability. 23 ? A central principle of TQM is that mistakes may be made by people, but most of them are caused, or at least permitted, by faulty systems and processes. This means that the root cause of such mistakes can be identified and eliminated, and repetition can be prevented by changing the process. ? TQM的一個重要原則是錯誤可能是由人為因素造成的，但是絕大多數(shù)的錯誤是由于有缺陷的系統(tǒng)或流程所造成的，至少也是因為這樣有缺陷的系統(tǒng)或流程而提供了錯誤產(chǎn)生的機(jī)會。 3. 重復(fù)發(fā)送錯誤的環(huán)節(jié)，要及時停止其運(yùn)作過程以防止更多缺陷的產(chǎn)生，直到流程被改正。組織的歷史、目前需求、突發(fā)事件和現(xiàn)有員工的素質(zhì)都是 TQM實施有關(guān)的先決條件。實踐證明， CQI可以減少醫(yī)療服務(wù)中的差錯、并發(fā)癥以及傷口感染，減少病人用藥不合理現(xiàn)象及不按時服藥現(xiàn)象，降低病人圍手術(shù)期死亡率，從根本上提高質(zhì)量，降低醫(yī)療成本于減少浪費(fèi)。 ? 與病人診療直接提供服務(wù)保障過程管理：醫(yī)療器械管理、藥事管理、采供血管理、衛(wèi)生被服管理、營養(yǎng)膳食管理、醫(yī)療收費(fèi)服務(wù)管理等。 手術(shù)前后診斷符合率 反映外科診斷質(zhì)量 患者入院到確診的平均天數(shù) 反映確診是否及時 單病種治愈率 反映治療質(zhì)量。 , March 14, 2023 ? 雨中黃葉樹，燈下白頭人。 :01:0600:01:06March 14, 2023 ? 1他鄉(xiāng)生白發(fā)，舊國見青山。 2023年 3月 14日星期二 12時 1分 6秒 00:01:0614 March 2023 ? 1做前，能夠環(huán)視四周
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