10-服務(wù)計(jì)算基礎(chǔ)(語(yǔ)義web服務(wù))(文件)
【正文】 rofessor are two classes ? Relations ?a type of interaction between concepts of the domain ?such as: subclassof, isa 本體的構(gòu)成 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. ? Functions ?A special case of relations in which the nth element of the relationship is unique for the n1 preceding elements ?Such as: Priceofausedcar can define the calculation of the price of the secondhand car on the carmodel, manufacturing data and kilometers ? Axioms（公理） ?Model sentences that are always true ?Such as: if the student attends both A and B course, then he or she must be a second year student 本體的構(gòu)成 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. ? Instances ?represent specific elements ?such as: Student called Peter is an instance of Student class 本體的構(gòu)成 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. ? RDF data model ?Resources ?A resource is a thing you talk about (can reference) ?Resources have URI’s (Uniform Resource Identifiers) ?RDF definitions are themselves Resources ?Properties ?A special kind of resources, describe relations between resources. ?(subject, predicate, object) 資源描述框架 (RDF) 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. RDF 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. ? Classes and properties classes: a set of objects, rdfs:Class instances: individual object property: add restrictions on objects, rdfs: Property ? Class and hierarchies 資源描述框架模式 (RDFS) 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. Restrictions: ? Courses must taught by academic staff members only ? Michael Maher is a professor ? if we know, professor is a sub class of academic staff ? Michael Maher is allowed to teach courses ? Property hierarchies 資源描述框架模式 (RDFS) 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. ?Some important terminologies in RDFS ?rdf:type 類的實(shí)例和類之間的關(guān)系 ?rdfs:subClassOf 子類和類之間的關(guān)系 ?rdfs:subPropertyOf 子性質(zhì)關(guān)系 ?rdfs:domain 性質(zhì)的定義域 ?rdfs:range 性質(zhì)的值域 資源描述框架模式 (RDFS) 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. RDF和 RDFS的關(guān)系 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. ?RDF/RDFS limitations ?Local scope of properties. cows eat only plants ?Disjointness of classes. Male and female ?Boolean binations of classes. (∪ ,∩, ～ ) ?Cardinality restrictions, property value restriction. person and parents, teacher and courses ?Special characteristics of properties ?Supervise and IsSupervisedby RDF的局限性 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. ?Requirements for ontology language ?a welldefined syntax ?a formal semantics (convenient to reason) ?convenience of expression ?efficient reasoning support ?sufficient expressive power 本體描述語(yǔ)言 OWL 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. ? OWL is built on top of RDF ? OWL is for processing information on the web ? OWL was designed to be interpreted by puters ? OWL was not designed for being read by people ? OWL is written in XML ? OWL is a web standard 什么是 OWL 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. Origins of OWL DAML DAML+OIL DAML = DARPA Agent Markup Language OIL = Ontology Inference Layer OWL is now a W3C Remendation! OIL OWL RDF All were influenced by RDF OWL 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. Logic foundation of OWL: Description Language ? OWL Lite: ? Classification hierarchy ? Simple constraints ? OWL DL(Description Logic): ? Maximal expressiveness ? While maintaining tractability ? Standard formalisation ? OWL Full: ? Very high expressiveness ? Loosing tractability ? Nonstandard formalisation ? All syntactic freedom of RDF (selfmodifying) Syntactic layering Semantic layering Full DL Lite Layered language of OWL 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. OWL 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. OWL 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. OWL 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. OWL Example: animals 20232023 by Li Weigang. All rights reserved. 第三節(jié) 語(yǔ)義 Web服務(wù) 2023
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