【正文】 c munity in early 1998 over the use of DNA （deoxyribonucleic acid ） fingerprinting in criminal investigations. DNA fingerprinting was introduced in 1987 as a method to identify individuals based on a pattern seen in their DNA， the molecule of which genes are made. DNA is present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. DNA fingerprinting has been used successfully in various ways， such as to determine paternity where it is not clear who the father of a particular child is. However， it is in the area of criminal investigations that DNA fingerprinting has potentially powerful and controversial uses. have to leave their fingerprints for further investigations fingerprinting can be unreliable when ____. different individuals leave two DNA samples. Lewontin and Hartl， the current method ____. theoretically contradictory to what they have been studying data are yet to be collected from various ethnic groups to determine the likelihood of two different DNA samples ing form the same person authorized laboratories can conduct DNA testing Of many health hazards to noise， hearing loss is the most clearly observable and measurable by health professionals. The other hazards are harder to pin down. For many of us， there may be a risk that exposure to the stress of noise increases susceptibility to disease and infection. The more susceptible among us may experience noise as a plicating factor in heart problems and other diseases. Noise that causes annoyance and irritability in health persons may have serious consequences for these already ill in mind or body. by author‘s attitude toward noise would best be described as ___. of the following best states the main idea of the passage？ is a major problem about which nothing can be done. a nuisance . author would probably consider research about the effects noise has on people to be ___. against the law noise can be annoying， it is not a major problem. to be seen by Why， then， is there not greater alarm about these dangers？ Perhaps it is because the link between noise and many disabilities or diseases has not yet been conclusively demonstrated. Perhaps it is because we tend to dismiss annoyance as a price to pay for living in the modern world. It may also be because we still think of hearing loss as only an occupational hazard. Racket， din clamor， noise， whatever you want to call it， unwanted sound is America‘s most widespread nuisance. But noise is more than just a nuisance. It constitutes a real and present danger to people’s health. Day and night， at home， at work， and at play， noise can produce serious physical and psychological stress. No one is immune to this stress. Though we seem to adjust to noise by ignoring it， the ear， in fact， never closes and the body still responds—sometimes with extreme tension， as to a strange sound in the night. academy has the right to accredit laboratories for DNA testing第十四篇答案：CBABB第十五篇： Academy of Sciences holds the stance that ____. data are yet to be collected form various ethnic groups to confirm the unlikelihood of two DNA samples ing from two individual members arguable because two individuals of the same ethnic group are likely to have the same DNA pattern. different individuals of the same ethnic group may have the same DNA fingerprinting pattern easily escape conviction of guilt In response to their criticisms， population geneticists Ranajit Chakraborty of the University of Texas in Dallas and Kenneth of Yale University in New Haven， Conn.， argued that enough data a