外文翻譯---模具成型軋制(文件)
【正文】 of a bar or tube is reduced by pulling the workpiece through the conical orifice of a die. When high reduction is required, it may be necessary to perform the operation in several passes.Deep Drawing In deep drawing, a cupshaped product is obtained from a flat sheet metal with the help of a punch and a die. The sheet metal is held over the die by means of a blank holder to avoid defects in the product.BendingAs the name implies, this is a process of bending a metal sheet plastically to obtain the desired shape. This is achieved by a set of suitably designed punch and die. Extrusion This is a process basically similar to the closed die forming. But in this operation, the workpiece is pressed in a closed space, forcing the material to flow out through a suitable opening, called a die. In this process, only the shapes with constant crosssections (die outlet crosssection) can be produced.Advantages and Disadvantages of Hot and Cold Forming Now that we have covered the various types of metal working operations, it would only be appropriate that we provide an overall evaluation of the hot and cold working processes. Such a discussion will help in choosing the proper working conditions for a given situation. During hot working, a proper control of the grain size is possible since active grain growth takes place in the range of the working temperature. As a result, there is no strain hardenin
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