【正文】 公路為高速公路，面層是瀝青混凝土，半剛性基層總厚度大于20cm。車(chē)型前軸重后軸重后軸數(shù)后軸輪組數(shù)后軸距（m）交通量小客車(chē)131雙—3100中客SH1301雙—600小貨BJ1301雙—1500大客CA501雙—700中貨CAD501雙—800中貨EQ1401雙—750大貨JN1501雙—800日野KB2221雙—800拖掛五十鈴601003雙385%：路面設(shè)計(jì)雙輪組單軸載100KN以設(shè)計(jì)彎沉值為指標(biāo)及驗(yàn)算面層層底拉力中的累計(jì)當(dāng)量軸次。c)初擬路面結(jié)構(gòu)橫斷面根據(jù)規(guī)范：等級(jí)中級(jí)的變異水平為低，根據(jù)高速公路、重交通等級(jí)和低級(jí)變異水平等級(jí)， 方案一：普通混凝土面層厚度為27 cm；，基層選用水泥穩(wěn)定粒料，厚18cm；墊層用低劑量無(wú)機(jī)結(jié)合料穩(wěn)定土，厚15 cm；。結(jié)構(gòu)層如下：水泥混凝土面層27cmEc=31GPa水泥穩(wěn)定粒料基層18cmE1=1300MPa石灰粉煤灰墊層15cmE2=600MPa計(jì)算基層頂面當(dāng)量回彈模量如下：普通混凝土面層的相對(duì)剛度半徑計(jì)算：荷載疲勞應(yīng)力計(jì)算：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軸載在臨界荷位處產(chǎn)生的荷載應(yīng)力計(jì)算為因縱縫為設(shè)拉桿平縫，接縫傳荷能力的應(yīng)力折減系數(shù)。板長(zhǎng)5m，l/r=，查規(guī)范得普通混凝土板厚h=。水泥混凝土上面層板的平面尺寸長(zhǎng)為4m、寬從中央分隔帶至路肩依次為4m、4m；縱縫為設(shè)拉桿平縫，橫縫為設(shè)傳力桿的假縫。復(fù)合式混凝土面層截面總剛度計(jì)算：復(fù)合式混凝土面層的相對(duì)剛度半徑計(jì)算：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軸載在普通混凝土面層臨界荷位處產(chǎn)生的荷載應(yīng)力計(jì)算：普通混凝土面層，因縱縫為設(shè)拉桿平縫，接縫傳荷能力的應(yīng)力折減系數(shù)；碾壓混凝土基層不設(shè)縱縫，不考慮接縫傳荷能力的應(yīng)力折減系數(shù)。普通混凝土面層板長(zhǎng)4m，l/=，查規(guī)范可知，混凝土面層。 方案三：1）普通混凝土面層厚度為26 cm；，基層選用石灰粉煤灰穩(wěn)定粒料，厚18cm；墊層用低劑量無(wú)機(jī)結(jié)合料穩(wěn)定土，厚15 cm；。結(jié)構(gòu)層如下：水泥混凝土面層26cmEc=31GPa石灰粉煤灰穩(wěn)定粒料基層18cmE1=1300MPa石灰粉煤灰墊層15cmE2=600MPa計(jì)算基層頂面當(dāng)量回彈模量如下：普通混凝土面層的相對(duì)剛度半徑計(jì)算：荷載疲勞應(yīng)力計(jì)算：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軸載在臨界荷位處產(chǎn)生的荷載應(yīng)力計(jì)算為因縱縫為設(shè)拉桿平縫，接縫傳荷能力的應(yīng)力折減系數(shù)。板長(zhǎng)5m，l/r=，查規(guī)范得普通混凝土板厚h=。瀝青路面具有表面平整，無(wú)接縫，行車(chē)舒適耐磨振動(dòng)小，噪音低，施工期短，養(yǎng)護(hù)維修簡(jiǎn)便，適宜于分期修建等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。附 錄：On highway construction and sustainable developmentAbstract: Highway, is in accordance with the national industry standard highway engineering standard construction, by the highway department in charge of the city finds acceptance, between urban and rural areas, the countryside primarily for the driving of motor vehicles on public roads. Highway development of the national economy39。s lives have farreaching impact.s history and the current construction of highways issues modern history of highway development China39。s, our country vigorously constructs the road during the continuation, strengthened the road technological transformations, has the road surface path course and its is highlevel, the hightype surface proportion remarkable enhancement. The 7039。s highways to the backward state. According to statistics, as of 1999, the National Highway mileage reached million km, Road density reaching 14. 1 km / 100 square kilometers, to the one in 1978. five times. 2% above the National Highway length of roads by the end of 1979 1. 3% in 1999 to 12. 5%, between the major cities of road traffic conditions improved significantly, highway traffic initial tensions eased. Meanwhile, the county, township highway mileage of rapid growth, quality has greatly improved, the country achieved a 100% of the counties, and 98% of the rural and 89% of the administrative villages Highway. Overall, a convergence Riganzhi, rational layout, ease of the national road network has initially taken shape. Particularly worth mentioning is the construction of expressways. Expressway construction is the reform and opening up of China39。s transport objective of the struggle. Highway construction is the lag effects of a national economic development constraints, Highway construction delay the development of the national economy and the contradiction between the highway construction is the fundamental problem. Development of the west development strategy of western transport there is a general tense, concentrate our efforts on the Western Highway construction is now faced with the urgent task. 2. sustainable development and highway construction the meaning of sustainable development Sustainable development of the 20th century, the end of the 1980s and raised a new concept of development. It is made of the changes and socioeconomic development needs of the.Sustainable development refers to meet current needs without promising the needs of future generations to meet the capacity development. Sustainable development also means preserving, and improving the rational use of the natural resource base, This foundation to resist pressure to the ecological and economic growth. Sustainable development also means the development of plans and policies for the inclusion of environmental concern and consideration, which does n。s first expressway Shanghai Baker Highway ( km) was opened to traffic. Since then, 375 have pleted a total length of the Shenyang Dalian highway km and 143 km along the highway. Entering the 1990s, the National Road Route overall planning and guidance, China to accelerate the pace of highway construction, each of the highway built by the tens of kilometers up to 1,000 kilometers above. As of the end of 1999, national highway mileage reached 11,600 km. 10 short years, China has traversed a highway on the general needs of the developed countries Highway 40 pleted the development process. Expressway and other highgrade highway construction, improvement in the technical level of highway structure, changed the highways of backwardness, but also significantly reduce China and the gap between the developed countries. highway construction problems existFrom a historical perspective, China39。s prehensively pleted, have pleted in the world the elevation highest bituminous pavement road. During 30 years from 1,949 to 1978, although the national economy development path is winding, but the national road course still basically maintained continues to grow, to 1978 year39。s highway traffic extremely falls behind, in 1949 the national road was open to traffic the course only 8 0,700kilometers, road density only kilometers / hundred square kilometers. The early years of the new nation, after the highway traffic experiences section of times the restorations to start to obtain the considerable development, in 1952 the road course achieved126,700 kilometers. In the 5039。s highway construction, it is not difficult to see in the new historical period, China39。s lives has a very important role. In China39。經(jīng)兩種路面結(jié)構(gòu)的比較和當(dāng)?shù)刈匀画h(huán)境的結(jié)合，加上高速公路的要求，最終選擇瀝青混凝土路面結(jié)構(gòu)。確定可靠度系數(shù)為=.因而，所選普通混凝土面層厚度（）可以承受設(shè)計(jì)基準(zhǔn)期內(nèi)荷載應(yīng)力和溫度應(yīng)力的綜合疲勞作用。根據(jù)公路等級(jí)