【正文】 頁表457確定視鏡的規(guī)定標(biāo)記、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖號、視鏡的尺寸及材料。F系列參數(shù)尺寸如表6—16。推進(jìn)式攪拌器的特點是能使液體產(chǎn)生激烈流動及湍流運動的性能很高。由于介質(zhì)具有一定的腐蝕性，攪拌裝置的材料選用與反應(yīng)罐主體材料相同的材料06Gr19Ni10 同一數(shù)字代號S30403。則 因為底間距比值越小，固相完全離底懸浮臨界轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)越小，所以在滿足底層槳軸向排量的前提下，該比值盡量取得最小。19′ 攪拌軸的設(shè)計攪拌軸將電動機(jī)的動力傳遞給攪拌器。 由得：=（） 利用截面法得：=（）由得： = 由于攪拌軸為實心軸，則：= 得 ≥ 取＝30mm（2）攪拌軸剛度的校核 由得： =（） 因為最大單位扭轉(zhuǎn)角max＝＜[] ＝1所以圓軸的剛度足夠。第6章 傳動裝置的選型和尺寸計算由于反應(yīng)釜里的物料一定的腐蝕性，故選用隔爆型三相異步電機(jī)（防爆標(biāo)志Ⅱ）。由攪拌軸的直徑＝40mm可知，機(jī)架的公稱直徑 1997Elsevier Science .Keywords: Aspergillus awamori。 Filamentous mycelium。 Ghosh et al., 1993。C on potatodextroseagar. New stock cultures were obtained by use of spores from the old stock cultures and incubating them at 30176。C, pH and aeration rate:1 vvm. In the cultivation medium the wheat bran is the sole carbon source and the source of the growth factors and the inductors. The wheat bran consists of 28% hemicellulose, 9% % cellulose, % lignin and 3% pectin (Anderson and Clydesdale, 1980。Packer et al., 1992a,b), however, no informationwas presented on, how the solid substrates in?uence the fungal morphology and the productivity.The present investigations reveal, that the in?uence of the solid substrate on the fungal morphology depends on various factors, as speci?c powerinput, size of the particles, phosphate concentration. At low speci?c power input, pellets wereformed in stirred tank reactors, and ?lamentousmycelium in airlift tower loop reactors. With increasing speci?c power input in the stirred tankreactor the pellet size decreased, and as long asthe intimate contact between the fungus and thesolid substrate was not impaired, the productivityimproved. However, at too high speci?c powerinput the shear forces separated the fungus fromthe solid substrate, which caused a decrease of theproductivity. If the solid substrate is large enough(. 5–6 mm), it can protect the fungus fromshear stress, when the fungus can grow inside ofthe solid substrate. By grinding, the solid substrate can bee too small, to protect the fungus. This accelerates the growth, but has anadverse effect on the productivity. In reactorswith low speci?c power input, small solid substrate particles can cause the formation of a?lamentous network with high viscosity and wallgrowth, which has a detrimental effect on thegrowth and product formation. At high phos phate concentrations in the airlift tower loop reactor large hollow pellets were formed in syntheticmedium (Siedenberg et al., 1997b). This effect isexpected in plex medium as well. Large hollow pellets have a negative effect on the attachment of the fungus on the solid substrate and thuson the enzyme production.D. Siedenberg et al. / Journal of Biotechnology 56 (1997) 205–216Fig. 5. Batch cultivation in airlift tower loop reactor. (A) Dissolved oxygen concentrations。(E) Ammonium concentrations. D. Siedenberg et al. / Journal of Biotechnology 56 (1997) 205–216 Airlift tower loop reactors can only be operatedat low speci?c power input at which the oxygentransfer has a high ef?ciency with respect to thepower input. However, their optimal operationtank reactors. Diluted cultivation medium has tobe used, to reduce the cel。 (C) CPR, glucose concentrations and xylanase activities。C for 10 h in plex medium. The culture medium in the reactor was inoculated with 5 104 spores ml ? 1, and cultivated at 25176。 the wheat bran was investigated with transmission electron microscopy (Adolph et al., 1996) and with ?uorescence microscopy (Freudenberg et al.,1996).3. Results. Culti6ations in the stirred tank reactor. Deposition of wheat bran The deposition of wheat bran was investigated under following standard operation conditions: Precultures were incubated in shaked ?ask cultures at 150 rpm, 30176。C on potatodextroseagar. New stock cultures were obtained by use of spores from the old stock cultures and incubating them at 30176。Xylanase。 Stirred tank。圖6—2 WJ型無支點機(jī)架對于不銹鋼設(shè)備，本設(shè)計如下底座的結(jié)構(gòu)，其上部與機(jī)架的輸出端接口和軸封裝置采用可拆相聯(lián)，下部伸入釜內(nèi)，結(jié)構(gòu)與尺寸如圖63所示。 減速器的選型根據(jù)電機(jī)的功率＝攪拌軸的轉(zhuǎn)速＝200、傳動比為1500/200＝（JB/T29821994），由文獻(xiàn)【6】1218頁表9235確定其安裝尺寸。5． 攪拌抽臨界轉(zhuǎn)速校核計算由于反應(yīng)釜的攪拌軸轉(zhuǎn)速=200200，故不作臨界轉(zhuǎn)速校核計算。 攪拌軸軸徑的設(shè)計計算攪拌軸的材料：選用1Cr18Ni9Ti；攪拌軸的結(jié)構(gòu)：用實心直軸攪拌軸功率： P= 4 Kw攪拌軸轉(zhuǎn)速： n=200r/min 表34傳動裝置各零部件的傳動效率η1類別傳動形式傳動效率η1圓柱齒輪傳動開式傳動，鑄齒（考慮軸承損失）—開式傳動，鐵齒（考慮軸承損失）單級圓柱齒輪減速器—雙級圓柱齒輪減速器—行星齒輪減速器—圓錐齒輪傳動開式傳動，鑄齒（考慮軸承損失）—開式傳動，鐵齒（考慮軸承損失）—單級圓錐齒輪減速器—雙級圓錐—圓柱齒輪減速器— 攪拌軸直徑的初步計算（1）攪拌軸直徑的設(shè)計 電機(jī)的功率＝4 ，攪拌軸的轉(zhuǎn)速＝200，文獻(xiàn)[1]235表111取用材料為1Cr18Ni9Ti ， []＝40，剪切彈性模量＝104，許用單位扭轉(zhuǎn)角[]＝1176。對于兩層以上的多層槳，要調(diào)整槳徑和層數(shù)取得合理的層間距，達(dá)到攪拌效果好，軸功率低的效果。 攪拌器形式的確定根據(jù)實際生產(chǎn)要求，初步設(shè)定攪拌器為兩層攪拌，采用三葉開啟渦輪式攪拌器(又稱為螺旋推進(jìn)式攪拌器）。推進(jìn)式攪拌器機(jī)械設(shè)計的主要內(nèi)容是：確定攪拌軸的直徑、攪拌器直徑、攪拌器與攪拌軸的連接結(jié)構(gòu)。第5章 反應(yīng)釜的攪拌裝置攪拌裝置由攪拌器、軸及其支撐組成。圖46 視鏡的結(jié)構(gòu)型式表47 視鏡的尺寸視鏡玻璃雙頭螺柱數(shù)量直徑801601303624861331408M12表48 視鏡的材料件號名稱數(shù)量材料件號名稱數(shù)量材料1視鏡玻璃1硼硅玻璃(SJ6)4壓緊環(huán)1Q235A2襯 墊2石棉橡膠板5雙頭螺柱8Q235A3接 緣11Cr18Ni9Ti6螺母16Q235A 支座的選型及設(shè)計 支座的選型及尺寸的初步設(shè)計： 文獻(xiàn) 632頁表2225所以選耳式B型支座，支座數(shù)量為4個 反應(yīng)釜總質(zhì)量的估算： 式中：—釜體的質(zhì)量（）；—夾套的質(zhì)量（）；—攪拌裝置的質(zhì)量（）—附件的質(zhì)量（）； 查文獻(xiàn)可知 物料總質(zhì)量的估算：式中：—釜體介質(zhì)的質(zhì)量（）；—夾套內(nèi)水蒸氣的質(zhì)量（） 反應(yīng)釜的總質(zhì)量估算為500，物料的質(zhì)量為1200（以水裝滿釜體計算），夾套的質(zhì)量和水約為1500kg裝置的總質(zhì)量： 每個支座承受的重量約為：3200＝（） 根據(jù)由文獻(xiàn)[1]632表2225初選B型耳式支座，支座號為3。墊片的結(jié)構(gòu)圖44 管道法蘭用軟墊片 密封面形式及墊片尺寸表45 密封面形式及墊片尺寸接管名稱密封面型式墊片尺寸()墊片材質(zhì)外徑內(nèi)徑厚度安全閥接口RF64342耐油石棉橡膠板水蒸氣的進(jìn)出口RF96612耐油石棉橡膠板有機(jī)溶劑的進(jìn)出口RF96642耐油石棉橡膠板溫度計接口RF54272耐油石棉橡膠板冷凝器接口視鏡2RF1328