【正文】 直處于不斷地運動和變化之中，一些湖泊形成和擴大了，而有一些湖泊則萎縮成為沼澤或者消失了。3建國后湖的圍墾主要發(fā)生 1970~1971 年間，致使湖泊面積又有縮小。湖歷史上與♀♀湖及固城湖曾經(jīng)連為一體，統(tǒng)稱♀♀湖，♀♀♀湖水面幅員遼闊，據(jù)考證（溧水水利志）面積達(dá) 3000 多 km2。湖泊與其他自然現(xiàn)象一樣，有它的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展直至消亡的過程。這一巨大洼地并非一個完全封閉的盆地，有缺口通連長江，水陽江、青弋江也可匯入湖。（三）湖泊成因與類型湖的成因在地理學(xué)稱之為構(gòu)造型，湖盆由地殼的構(gòu)造運動形成。湖積土有粉土質(zhì)泥、沙質(zhì)泥、粉沙，土的成分不一，顏色也有差異。（二）地質(zhì)地貌湖所在區(qū)域的地層和地質(zhì)構(gòu)造，屬于揚子古陸中下?lián)P子臺褶帶構(gòu)造單元。～118? 5639。湖水功能區(qū)劃及飲用水源取水口保護(hù)項目評估報告 I 湖水功能區(qū)劃及飲用水源取水口保護(hù)項目評估報告湖水功能區(qū)劃及飲用水源取水口保護(hù)項目評估報告 II 目 錄1 基本情況 ...........................................................................................................................1 自然地理情況 .............................................................................................................1 湖泊概況 ...............................................................................................................1 流域水系 ...............................................................................................................4 氣象 .......................................................................................................................5 水文 .......................................................................................................................6 水質(zhì) .......................................................................................................................8 生態(tài)與資源狀況 ...................................................................................................9 社會經(jīng)濟(jì)情況 ...........................................................................................................11 溧水縣社會經(jīng)濟(jì) .................................................................................................11 高淳縣社會經(jīng)濟(jì) .................................................................................................12 當(dāng)涂縣社會經(jīng)濟(jì) .................................................................................................13 區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展對湖泊的需求 .....................................................................14 開發(fā)利用情況 ...........................................................................................................15 沿湖農(nóng)業(yè)開發(fā)用水 .............................................................................................15 沿湖城鎮(zhèn)及工業(yè)開發(fā)用水 .................................................................................16 沿湖綜合性水工程開發(fā)建設(shè) .............................................................................16 湖泊漁業(yè)開發(fā) .....................................................................................................17 湖泊航運 .............................................................................................................17 其他 .....................................................................................................................18 水害防治情況 ...........................................................................................................18 防洪工程建設(shè) .....................................................................................................19 排澇抗旱情況 .....................................................................................................20 湖泊管理 ...................................................................................................................21 水行政管理 .........................................................................................................21 其他涉湖部門管理 .............................................................................................22 存在問題分析 ...........................................................................................................222 規(guī)劃指導(dǎo)思想與目標(biāo) .....................................................................................................26 指導(dǎo)思想和原則 .......................................................................................................26湖水功能區(qū)劃及飲用水源取水口保護(hù)項目評估報告 III 指導(dǎo)思想 .............................................................................................................26 規(guī)劃原則 .............................................................................................................26 規(guī)劃依據(jù) ...................................................................................................................27 規(guī)劃范圍 ...................................................................................................................28 規(guī)劃水平年 ...............................................................................................................28 規(guī)劃總體目標(biāo) ...........................................................................................................283 湖泊保護(hù)范圍 .................................................................................................................30 保護(hù)范圍劃定依據(jù)及原則 .......................................................................................30 劃定依據(jù) .............................................................................................................30 劃定原則 .............................................................................................................30 保護(hù)范圍的確定 .......................................................................................................314 湖泊功能分析 .................................................................................................................34 湖泊功能分析論證 ...................................................................................................34 洪水調(diào)蓄功能 .....................................................................................................34 水資源供給功能 .................................................................................................37 維護(hù)生態(tài)功能 .....................................................................................................43 航運功能 .............................................................................................................44 漁業(yè)養(yǎng)殖功能 .....................................................................................................45 旅游功能 ......