【正文】 3D laser scanning technology is a new technology of Surveying and mapping, known as the real copy technology, is the field of Surveying and mapping, GPS development after yet another technological revolution, with the traditional measuring technology of 3D laser scanner, introduced the basic principle, technical characteristics, and the traditional measurement technology advantage, especially in the aspects of data collection, has the advantages of high efficiency, quick, accurate, reliable, has been widely applied in various fields of industry of Surveying and mapping. This paper discusses the 3D laser scanning technology in land reclamation areas of the advantages and disadvantages, and the Swiss Leica 3D laser scanner and the data processing software of Cyclone operations research. The settlement monitoring, earthwork in areas such as research shows, the 3D laser scanning technology in land reclamation area plays an indispensable role in the development of our country, it has profound significance for the land reclamation. Keywords: laser scanning land， reclamation， Subsidence monitoring， mappin Chapter 1 miotheory introduction In recent years, as measured in the field of service constantly broaden, and 3 d design and manufacture requirement for accuracy of measurement, the traditional coordinate measuring instrument, such as total station and cross section instrument can not satisfy the high precision 3 d coordinates acquisition and pared to the traditional measuring technology of reverse engineering, 3 d laser scanning technology has a great advantage, especially in the aspect of data collection, with efficient, fast, accurate, convenient wait for a characteristic, is widely applied in various fields of 3 d laser scanning technology. 13 research background and significance At present, our country economy from the rapid development into sustained and stable growth, our understanding of economic development has transformed the single pursuit of economic growth for the unification of the economic, environmental and social coordinated development. The state and society on the improvement of the ecological environmental quality is being more and more attention. Land development and consolidation has been increasingly important, 3 d laser scanning as another technology revolution in the field of surveying and mapping, 3 d modeling techniques play an important role in the field of land reclamation. Chapter 2, 3 d laser scanning technology and application 3 d laser scanning technology 3 d laser scanning technology is a new technology of surveying and mapping, surveying and mapping is once again after the GPS technology in the field of technological revolution. It is from the traditional measuring technology of surveying and mapping and integration through sophisticated sensor technology and a variety of modern hightech means integration, which is the generalization of the traditional surveying and mapping technology to the variety and integration. system position 3 d laser scanning system generally consists of scanner (puter) and the power supply system, controller of three parts. Laser scanner itself consists of laser ranging system and the laser scanning system, but also integrated CCD and instrument calibration and internal control system, etc. working principle 3 d laser scanning measurement of surveying and mapping technology content is high 14 precision measuring target39。激光， 2020， 11(3):5460. 11 [7] 余祖俊，楊婭楠，朱力強．三維激光掃描測量系統(tǒng)標定方法研 究 [J]．電子測量與儀器學報， 2020， 12（ 6）： 3135． [8] 董良澤，王文，陸軍華，韋東波．三維激光掃描機的研究與開發(fā) [J]．機床與液壓，2020， 11(9)： 155156． [9]周國彪，韓明，張李超，胡勇．三維激光掃描控制系統(tǒng)研究 [J]．華中科技大學學報：自然科學版， 2020， 2（ 2）： 109110． [10] Airborne laser scanning ： existing systems and firms and other resources ， E． P． Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,[J]. Baltsavias Issue, 1999,3(54):111116. [11]馬立廣 .地面三維激光掃描儀的分類與應用 [J].地理空間信息， 2020， 3(3)： 6062． [12]聶紹珉等 .大型鍛件尺寸 CCD 測量的數(shù)學模型研究 [J].塑性工程學報， 2020，6(21)： 110113． [13] 朱 凌 .地面三維激光掃描標靶研究 [J].激光雜志， 2020， 19(2)： 3335． [14]李鵬 .張文兵 .李靜 三維激光掃描測量技術 [J].科技信息 2020,54(31):1220. [15]潘明才 德國土地復墾和整理的經(jīng)驗與啟示 [J].國土資源 2020,45(21):110117. [16]Thomas Vogtle。 作為測繪科學的領先產(chǎn)品， 三 維激光掃描 具有鮮明的優(yōu)勢，廣泛的應用 ， 從整體來看，三維激光掃描儀基本涵蓋測繪的各個領域，具備大面積，高自動化，高速率，高精度 等 測量的特點。 10 第 4 章 結論與展望 結論 三維激光掃描技術是一門新興的測繪技術，是測繪領域 GPS 技術之后的又一次技術革命。一般說來，前兩種方式的處理，其 相鄰 測站間往往 需要部分重疊，而最后一種方式的處理，則不一定需要測站間的 的部分 重疊。 坐標配準 坐標配準的 有三種基本方法 ： 全局 方式、 配對方式以及 絕對方式。啟動 Cyclone 軟件， 然互 建立筆記本與掃描儀的通訊，掃描過程由 Cyclone軟件 來 控制，通過集成的數(shù)碼相機拍攝掃描對象的影像，在影像上選取掃描區(qū)域。 9 測站設計 根據(jù)掃描目標的位置、大小、形態(tài)和需要獲取的重點屬性設計各掃描站和控制標靶的位置。而三維激光掃描所獲得的數(shù)據(jù)密度遠高于此。 小結 （ 1）根據(jù)三維激光掃描技術的特點分析其在礦區(qū)沉陷監(jiān)測中的應用的可行性。 參點的密度對求參精度的影響 三維激光掃描獲取大量的下沉數(shù)據(jù) , 而求參時 , 一般需選擇部分點即可 , 需要研究點的密度與求參精度之間的關系。 采樣點間距主要決定了模型化精度 , 一般在幾毫米到幾十毫米 , 間距越小模型化精度越高。而如果地表有植被 , 就要進行 植被剔除 , 目前地面三維掃描的植被的剔除技術還不成熟 , 會造成精度的降低。當系統(tǒng)的單次量測精度為 10mm時 , 用最小二乘法生成的幾何模型的精度可能達到 1~2mm。不同的儀器有不同的作用 , 所以首先應該選用合適的儀器。由于三維激光掃描沒有固定的測點 , 所以不能直接得到水平移動值 , 要研究地表移動的水平移動規(guī)律 , 仍要埋設一些點。 由于三維激光掃描技術具有良好的技術優(yōu)勢，已成為目前測繪領域的一個新的熱點，雖然針對三維激光掃描系統(tǒng)的應用研究還處于初級階段，但已在工程建設中得到了很好的應用 隨著研究的深入及與其他測量技術的結合，三維激光掃描技術的應用將更加廣泛。 文物修復：對受損的文物進行修復時，要求無接觸測量，傳統(tǒng)測量無法勝任，但現(xiàn)在可充分利用激光掃描儀的非接觸測量特點以及高分辨率和高精度云點數(shù)據(jù)，獲取建筑物表面的精細結構，提供修復數(shù)據(jù)，進行精細測量，對文物進行修復。激光掃描測量技術能快速獲取大面積的目標空間信息，通過對目標的直接掃描來描述目標特征，使用龐大的點陣和濃密的格網(wǎng)來獲取目標信息，采樣點之間的間距很小。因而此過程中不需要人為的接觸到被測量的物體，這使得該技術可以廣泛應用于危險領域和測繪人員不可達到位置的測量等。 （ 2）實時性、動態(tài)性、主動性。激光掃描測量測量技術在測繪領域應用的迅速發(fā)展，為測繪行業(yè)帶來一場新的技術革命。 4 點云是由三維激光掃描的無數(shù)測量點數(shù)據(jù)構成的，而每個點坐標數(shù)據(jù)的質量都非常重要。 視頻攝像可以實時監(jiān)測并遙視掃描過程，還可用來捕捉所需要的目標圖象，以便后處理時的校準工 作。它可以工作在非常廣域的照度下及各種復雜環(huán)境中進行操作。 反光鏡 的作用在于將激光束進行水平偏轉，以便實現(xiàn)激光水平方向的掃描測繪功能 掃描儀主體本身的周向自旋轉功能可以實現(xiàn)縱向的掃描，每當水平掃描一個周期后，掃描儀主題將步進一次，以便進行第二次水平掃描，如此同步下去，最終實現(xiàn)對所有空間的掃描過程。如：幾何尺寸、長度、距離、體積、面積、重心、結構形變，結