【正文】 umbered blank in following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points) If a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain __41__ consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family __42__ he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance __43__ the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a modity which he must sell in order to __44__ old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to __45__ the soil. He may also need money to construct irrigation __46__ and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be __47__. He must either sell some of his property or __48__ extra funds in the form of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low __49__ of interest, but loans of this kind are not __50__ obtainable. 41. [A] other than [B] as well as [C] instead of [D] more than 42. [A] only if [B] much as [C] long before [D] ever since 43. [A] for [B] against [C] supplement [D] dispose 44. [A] replace [B] purchase [C] supplement [D] dispose 45. [A] enhance [B] mix [C] feed [D] raise 46. [A] vessels [B] routes [C] paths [D] channels 47. [A] selfconfident [B] selfsufficient [C] selfsatisfied [D] selfrestrained 48. [A] search [B] save [C] offer [D] seek 49. [A] proportion [B] percentage [C] rate [D] ratio 50. [A] genuinely [B] obviously [C] presumably [D] frequently 2022 Text 1 A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may bee a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any petitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. Its scientists were the world‘s best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed. It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial petitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign petition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea‘s LG Electronics in July.) Foreignmade cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market. America‘s machinetool industry was on the ropes. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new puter age, was going to be the next casualty. All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped taking prosperity for granted. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and that their ines would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. The mid1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of America‘s industrial decline. Their sometimes sensational findings were filled with warnings about the growing petition from overseas. How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. Selfdoubt has yielded to blind pride. ―American industry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has learnt to be more quickwitted,‖ according to Richard Cavanagh, executive dean of Harvard‘s Kennedy School of Government. ―It makes me proud to be an American just to see how our businesses are improving their productivity,‖ says Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute, a thinktank in Washington, DC. And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School believes that people will look back on this period as ―a golden age of business management in the United States.‖ 51. The . achieved its predominance after World War II because ________. [A] it had made painstaking efforts towards this goal [B] its domestic market was eight times larger than before [C] the war had destroyed the economies of most potential petitors [D] the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its economy 52. The loss of . predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the American ________. [A] TV industry had withdrawn t。 yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their “own” (read: with roundtheclock help) is a piece of cake. It’s hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stressfree, happinessenhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting “ the Rachel” might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston. Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring [A]temporary delight [B]enjoyment in progress [C]happiness in retrospect [D]lasting reward learn from Paragraph 2 that [A]celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip. [B]single mothers with babies deserve greater attention. [C]news about pregnant celebrities is entertainin