【正文】 其中 A1① 10%和 A1① 15%處理的效果最好，這 2 個組合處理的花瓣不僅接近新鮮花瓣顏色 C10M100Y100K10， 而且經光照試驗后，顏色變化很小，為 C30M100Y100K20和 C40M100Y100K20，另外這兩個組合的花瓣不易脆，花形保持較 好 。月季花瓣干燥以后新鮮度不如原本色，這 因 是 失去水分的緣故。造成這樣的結果可能是由于在 紅色月季花瓣 中，其 主要含有黃酮素和類胡蘿卜素等多種類型色素 [8]，對其顏色起主要作用的是黃酮化合物類型中的花青素。所以，檸檬酸與硫酸鎂的混合液的保色效果才明顯的好于檸檬酸溶液的保色效果。 太陽光照射對花瓣色素的分解作用 在光照試驗進行中， 所有花瓣的顏色都有較為明顯的變化，其中， 14 個處理組合中的 Y 值均保持不變或升高，有的 Y 值增加較為明顯，由此可見，太陽光的照射導致花瓣變黃、變褐的一個重要的因素。 5 結論 經過多方面的綜合考慮本試驗認為采取 自然干燥、硫酸鎂和檸檬酸濃度為 10%的處理組合最為合適。論文的設計 、 寫作 是在我的指導老師 —— 劉嶧老師的 親切關懷 和 悉心指導下完成的。 12 附錄 1：相關英文文獻原文 Drying and Preserving Flowers and Plant Materials for Decorative Use ANR1115,New May 1998. Mary Beth Musgrove, Extension Associate, Home Horticulture, Horticulture, Auburn University Drying and preserving flowers and plant materials is a form of artistic expression that was very popular during the Victorian age and has once again gained popularity. There are many reasons for preserving plant materials, whether your interest is in drying flowers from an arrangement that has special meaning or preserving beautiful cut flowers, foliage, ornamental grasses, and plant materials from the landscape or garden. Dried flowers are used in arrangements, wreaths, swags, pressed art, and other decorations. To improve your success with drying plant materials, and to enhance their longevity, refer to the following methods for drying plant materials. Collecting Plant Materials Plant materials should be collected at the most suitable time of the year for drying and preserving that specific plant part. In general, all plant materials should be collected when they are in peak condition. Plant parts can be harvested at different stages of development for variation in color, form, and texture. Flowers, for example, can be cut at the bud stage and at any later stages until just before full flower. Do not use flowers that have begun to fade. Almost all plant materials can be driedeverything from flowers, foliage, and branches to seed pods, grains, 13 cones, nuts, berries, and other fruits. One person39。 however, some flowers, such as the strawflower, have a weak stem and require that a wire be inserted before drying to support the flower. Table Remended for AirDrying Astilbe Dustymiller Hydrangea Santolina Baptisia Falsedragonhead Larkspur Smoketree Baby39。s lace Bleeding heart Daffodil Larkspur Rose Butterfly weed Daisy Lilyofthevalley Salvia, Sages Candytuft Delphinium Marigold Statice Celosia, Cocksb Ferns Nasturtium Sweet pea Chrysanthemum Geranium Nemesia Verbena Zinnia Burying Flowers in PlantDrying Mixtures 16 Flowers can also be dried by burying them in a plantdrying mixture. The drying agent in the mixture helps support the flower while removing moisture, preserving the flower39。原因是多方面的 ,無論你是因為它具有獨特的意義或者是可以保持鮮花、樹葉、觀賞草等植物材料的美麗，都可以應用于園林或園藝事業(yè)當中。一般來說 ,所有的植物材 料應該在 采收時應該是植物的最佳狀態(tài) 。一些植物材料可以通過最佳的干燥方法來達到“永恒”的效果。 ?應當將 植物的莖插在水中，以避免其因失水萎蔫。 ?收集植物材料應當注意 。 自然干燥的植物材料 自然干燥的材料包括草、蘆葦、松 木、花穗和大多數種子莢。比如 , 種子莢等材料可能需要用水清洗和使用一些溫和的洗滌劑。 風干 風干是保存花卉及植物材料植物材料最簡單的方法。大型頭狀花序的花材應當單獨懸掛。 ?將小束鮮花捆綁好，帶有頭狀花序的花朵請勿觸摸。表 1 中列出了適合用于風干法干燥的植物材料。蕨類植物也是一種極好的壓花材料。大多數的 葉片 ,以及一些花瓣較少的朵都可以壓得很好。 ?等待花朵完全干燥后 ,然后根據植物材料的種類和花朵的大小進行分類 ,并將它們儲存在一個密閉的容器中直到準備使用。 表 1 適合風干的花卉種類 落新婦 銀葉菊 八仙花 小花柏 野顁草 棉鈴花 飛燕草 黃 櫨 滿天星 茴香 紫丁香 補血草 22 黑百合 天人菊 萬壽菊 麥稈菊 金盞菊 單州漏盧 馬利筋 鹽夫木 香蒲 金桿花 秋葵 艾菊 酸漿 千日紅 泡桐 起絨草 細蔥 園仔花 黃精屬 大薊 金花草 穎果 罌粟葵 西洋 蓍 草 雞冠花 莎草科 玫瑰 干花菊 酸模 合田草 鼠尾草 使用以下幾個簡單的步驟來成功風干植物材料： ?干燥的花應處于溫暖的、干燥、遮陰的地區(qū) ,并且具有良好的空氣流通 ,從而可達到最好的干燥結果。倒掛在一個溫暖、干燥、空氣流通較好的地區(qū)。油漆或蟲膠噴到水果和花穗上可以使 他們看起來更閃亮、起到裝飾的效果以及可以保護他們。然而，香蒲應當在其 剛剛 變褐 時 進行采摘，即花還明顯直立的生長在植物頂端 的 時 候 。 植物材料干燥的方法 有些植物材料可以通過自然干燥來進行干燥 ,我們只需要做一些簡單的工作。在植物材料剪下后，應當盡快對其進行干燥。 ?用一把鋒利的刀或修枝剪來采集鮮花和植物材料。例如 ,鮮花應當在其花蕾期或者稍后的一段時間進行采摘，不應等到盛花期后花卉已經開始凋謝再采摘。 為了提高制作干燥植物材料的成功率 ,并延長他們的保存期限 ,可以參閱下列方法來進行植物材料的干燥。s lace Anemone Dahlia Larkspur Rose Bells of Ireland Daisy Lilac Salvia Blackeyed Susan Delphinium Lilyofthevalley Snapdragon Butterfly weed Dogwood Magnolia Stock Carnation Falsedragonhead Marigold Verbena Chrysanthemum Feverfew Nierembergia Waterlily Coleus Forsythia Pansy Yarrow Coneflower Gladiolus Passionflower Zinnia Coralbells Hollyhock Peony Some flowers should be wired before drying. Remove the natural stem, and use one of the following stemwiring techniques. Flowers that have a small, soft center should be hookwired. Using a 20 to 24gauge florist wire, push the wire up through the center of the flower. Bend a small hook in the end of the wire, and pull it back into the flower head so that it cannot be seen. Flowers with hard centers, such as roses, should be crosswired. Push a piece of florist wire through the base of the flower head at a right angle to the stem. Bend both ends of the wire down around the flower base to form a stem. Wire stems can be bent out to the side as you bury the flowers in the drying mixture. To bury the flower, place at least 1/2 to 1 inch of the drying mixture in the bottom of the container. Make small mounds of the mixture where flowers will be placed. Sift the drying mixture between and around the petals until the flowers are pletely covered. It is generally easier to work with flowers when they are placed in one 18 single layer per container. Place the flowers so that they do not touch. Drying times vary depending on the flower thickness and the drying agent used. Silica gel requires 2 days for thintextured flowers and 5 to 7 days for heaviertextured flowers. Borax mixtures generally require from 5 days to 3 weeks, depending on the flower texture. Do not keep the flowers in the drying agent for too long. Petals will bee brittle, and some flower color