【正文】 enTherapeuticsofBurlinggame,California ，以及 EmbrexofNorthCaroling470 萬基金以資助研究。t work in birds because eggs can39。技巧是在細胞開始顯示其差別前對其進行培育，這樣它們還保持多能性。t matter if it39。 ―在家禽界，不是100%也沒關系。 In future, Origen imagines freezing stem cells from different strains of chicken13. If orders e in for a particular strain, millions of eggs could be produced in months or even weeks. At present, maintaining all the varieties the market might call for is too expensive for breeders, and k takes years to breed enough chickens to produce the billions of eggs that farmers need. 在將來，Origen 設想將不同品種小雞的干細胞冷凍，如果定單要某一種小雞，成百萬的卵能在幾個月甚至幾個星期被生產出來，目前， 維持市場可能需要的各種小雞對養(yǎng)殖者來說太昂貴了，那要花數(shù)年的時間培育足夠多的小雞以生產出農民需要的上百萬雞蛋。該研究表明，如果女孩子們在一個認為男孩比女孩數(shù)學好的環(huán)境中成長，那么她們的數(shù)學可能會不如在更自信的狀態(tài)下學得好。學生們在學年的開始和結束時都進行數(shù)學測試，研究者們比較得分。 The new study found that when a teacher has anxiety about math, that feeling can influence how her female students feel about math. The study involved 65 girls,52 boys and 17 first and secondgrade teachers in elementary schools in the Midwest. The students took math achievement backer bag 60 tests at the beginning and end of the school year, and the researchers pared the scores. 此研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，教師對數(shù)學的焦慮能夠傳染給她的女學生們。 If these girls keep getting mathanxious female teachers2 in later grades, it may create a snowball effect on their math achievement3 said Levine. In other words,girls may end up learning math anxiety from their teachers4. The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are,then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident. 如果一直由對數(shù)學有焦慮的女教師教授數(shù)學，就會對她們的數(shù)學成績產生雪球效應 ， Levine 說。為了做到這點，他和 Embrex 合 作研制了一個可將疫苗注入 50000 個雞蛋中的儀器。嚴格地說，嵌合體的小雞不是克隆雞，因為它既有植入的細胞又有本身的細胞。t a clone, because it contains cells from both donor and recipient. But Fitzgerald says it will be enough if, say, 95 percent of a chicken39。re laid. The trick is to culture8 the cells without them starting to distinguish, so they remain pluripotent, says Fitzgerald. 那好像并沒有讓使家禽養(yǎng)殖業(yè)氣餒，然而，他們想使抗痛小雞吃得更少，長得更快， ―養(yǎng)殖者希望減少 投 入 但 仍 獲 得 相 同 的 產量， ‖MikeFitzgeraldofOrigen 說，為了達到這個要求， Origen 致力于 ―制造一個有效克隆體的小雞， ‖他說，正常的克隆技術對鳥類無效，因為卵不能被移動或移植。 That39。每年上百萬的克隆小雞能被孵化出來，從而為雞場提供以相同比例生長，重量相同并且味道相同的小雞。 4. What can be inferred from what Allen said?由Allen 的話能推 斷出什么？ A Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life on Titan. 關于土衛(wèi)六上是否有生命存在，科學家持不同的觀點。 ‖ 1 .What have scientists found about Saturn?科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)了關于土星的什么現(xiàn)象？ C They have found methanebased life on Titan.他們在土衛(wèi)六上發(fā)現(xiàn)了靠甲烷為生的生命體。 The absence of detectable acetylene on the Titan39。 Scientists had expected the Sun39。 ‖ To date,scientists have not yet detected this form of life anywhere,though there are liquidwaterbased microanisms on Earth that grow well on methane or produce it as a waste product. On Titan, where temperatures are around 90 Kelvin6(minus 290 degrees Farenheit),a methanebased anism would have to use a substance that is liquid as its medium for living processes, but not water itself. Water is frozen solid on Titan39。這就證明在這個不及半個地球大小的衛(wèi)星表面有某種微生物在依靠 氫氣生存。 Scientists have reportedly discovered clues showing primitive alien beings arebreathing in Titan39。s Titan 土衛(wèi)六上發(fā)現(xiàn)了生命跡象 Scientists say they have discovered hints of alien life1 on the Saturn39。他認為食物降低了患癌癥的危險，或是通過覆蓋在消化道組織上或是通過將酒精從那些組織上擦牛。 People in the highestconsumption group who drank only with meals had 10 times the risk of oral cancer, 7 times the risk of pharyngeal cancer, and 16 times the risk of esophageal cancer pared with those who averaged 20 or fewer drinks a week with meals. In contrast, laryngeal cancer risk the highintake, withmealsonly group was only triple that in the lowintake consumers who drank with meals. 和每周只在就餐時平均飲酒至多 20杯的人相比，高飲酒量組的人在就餐時間飲酒患口腔癌的危險是低飲酒量組的 10 倍，咽癌是其 7 倍，食道癌 16倍。飲酒量最少的一組包括每周平均飲酒量達 20 杯的人，飲酒量最高的一組每周飲酒至少56杯，平均每天 8 杯以上。 ―被研究者的情況說明大約 95%患以上四種癌癥的原因就是抽煙或飲酒。 ‖ 41. What does Such natural disasters in the first paragraph refer to? 第 1 段提到的 ―這樣的自然災害 ‖是 ?D Landslides. 山崩 42. Which of the following statements is true of landslides? 關于山崩下面正確的一句是 ? A The initial movement is hard to spot. B They start with a movement of a few particles of soil or rock. C They can be destructive in a matter of hours or minutes. D All of the above. 43. Why do researchers develop a new device to monitor signs of landsides? 為什么科學家們研制一種新的儀器來監(jiān)控山崩征兆？ C Because the mon methods .can cause false alarms. 因為普通方法可能導致假的預警 44. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the device, according to Paragraph 4? 根據(jù)第 4段，關于這個設備不正確的一句是 A It is filled in with gravel. 它添滿了沙粒 45. According to the context, what does the word positives in the fifth paragraph mean? 根據(jù)上下文，單詞 ―positives‖的意思是 B Evidences. 證據(jù) 37“Don’t Drink Alone” Gets New Meaning 不要在就餐時間以外飲酒有了新含義 In what may be bad news for bars and pubs, an European research group has found that people drinking alcohol outside of meals have a significantly higher risk of cancer in the mouth and neck than do those taking their libations with food. Luigino Dal Maso and his colleagues studied the drinking patterns of 1,500 patients from four cancer studies and another 3,500 adults who had never had cancer. 一定程度上，這對酒吧可能是一個壞消息，歐洲的一個研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)人們在就餐時間以外飲酒會使患口腔和頸部癌癥的機率比就餐時飲酒更高。 Locations with a significant risk of landslides could definitely benefit from a machine like this, says Adam Poulter, an expert at the British Red Cross. As long as it doesn39。通過軟件分析振動信號，判斷是否馬上要發(fā)生山崩?，F(xiàn)在，迪克森的團隊已發(fā)明了一種儀器，它在一個山坡內的顆粒開始移動時可以接收到振動。 caused when partic