英語專業(yè)本科畢業(yè)論文onenglishambiguityzhaobanghongoutline(文件)
【正文】 l be analyzed at phonological level in oral English and at lexical, syntactic, pragmatic level in written English. Phonological Ambiguity Phonological ambiguity occurs in oral English. When an expression_r_r_r is read with different intonations, it tends to be ambiguous. In addition, liaison and homophony are also the factors that result in ambiguity in spoken English. Intonation As a musical element of an utterance, intonation is often defined as the variation (or the general movement) of the pitch of the voice in connected speech (Yu Hui 2020:23). In oral English, sentences convey different information because of intonation placements, thus ambiguity occurs. Consider the following example: (1) a. She has two classmates in Beijing. （例子用五號字體，全文同一編號） b. SHE has two classmates in Beijing. c. She has TWO classmates in Beijing. d. She has two CLASSMATES in Beijing. e. She has two classmates in BEIJING. Sentence ( 1a) can be interpreted in four ways with stress on four words. When the stress is on the word “she”, it means that “It is she who has two classmates in Beijing”。 關(guān)鍵詞： 歧義；原因；消歧；方法 1. Introduction ( 標(biāo)題中實(shí)詞全部大寫 ) 【正文用小四號字體， 倍行距，首行縮進(jìn) 2 字符】 Ambiguity is a subtle but pervasive phenomenon in English. But as to what is ambiguity there are many versions. Chomsky hold that ambiguity occurs when an expression_r_r_r has grammatical structure and is semantically relational but its deep structure can be interpreted in two or more ways (1965:25). 【句號在夾住之后 , 注釋要與參考文獻(xiàn)相吻合，且要精確到頁碼】 Yang Ping proposed that ambiguity is with various understandings or multimeaning (2020:38). Cann stated “A sentence is said to be ambiguous whenever it can be associated with two or more different meanings.” (1993:8) All in all, ambiguity refers to the phenomenon that an equivocal sentence or expression_r_r_r can be understood in more than one way. On the basis of different definitions, the paper focuses on four perspectives: phonological, lexical, syntactic and pragmatic ambiguity. Since ambiguity is a fundamental problem of language prehension and an obstacle of munication, efforts are made into and attention is paid to the resolution of ambiguity so as to achieve successful and effective munication. 【每一大部分之間要求空一行，下同】 2. Theoretical Background Researches on English ambiguity can be traced far back to Greece, when Aristotle, a wellknown philosopher and thinker discussed ambiguity in his De Sophistics Elenchis. He pointed out the sophistry caused by language had six sources, among which is ambiguity (1958:257). Since then many western scholars showed interest in the topic. Empson published Seven Types of Ambiguity in 1930, and discussed ambiguity in a literary view and pointed out that interpreting ambiguity was the basic task of semantics (1930:78). The generative grammar about deep structure and surface structure by Chomsky gave a forceful explanation to ambiguous structure. Ambiguity in Natural Language by Kooij is
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