【正文】 iasd 6 Server end the software that need to still specify support. Because of the software software that need to develop different edition according to the different system of operating system that can not offer the structure of C/S and the open environment of user genuine expectation , besides, the renovation of product is very rapid, is nearly impossible to already meet the 100 puter above users of local area work at the same time use. Price has low efficiency high. If my courtyard uses , Shanghai exceed the orchid pany39。 Customer application program operation can be ASP 外文翻譯 +原文 xinxiasd 8 called as customer puter on the own puter of user, in correspondence with database server, when needs carry out any operation for the data in database, customer program seeks server program voluntarily , and sends request to it, server program is regular as basis intends to make to reply, send to return result, application server operation data load is lighter. ( 2 ) Data store management function relatively transparent. In database application data store management function, is carried out respectively independently by server program and customer application program , is regular as proscenium application can violate , and usually those different( no matter is have known still unknown ) operations data, in server program, do not concentrate realization, for instance visit limits of authority, serial number can be repeated , must have customer talent establishment the rule order. It is these to own , for the last user that works on proscenium program is transparent , they need not be interest in ( can not usually also interfere ) the course of behind, can plete own all work. In the application of customer server configuration proscenium program not is very thin , troublesome matter is delivered to server and work. In the system of C/S take off , database can not bee public really , professionally more petent storehouse, it gets independent special management. ( 3 ) The inferior position of the configuration of C/S is high maintenance cost make investment just big. First, with the configuration of C/S, will select proper database platform to realize the genuine unification of database data, make the data synchronism that spreads in two lands plete deliver by database system go to manage, but the logically two operators of land will directly visit a same database to realize efficiently , have so some problems, if needs establishment the data synchronism of real time , the database server that must establish real time munication connection between two places and maintains two lands is online to run , work management staff will again want to defend and manage for customer end as server defends management , maintenance and plex tech support and the investment of this high needs have very high cost, maintenance task is measured. Secondly, the software of the structure of C/S of tradition need to develop the ASP 外文翻譯 +原文 xinxiasd 9 software of different edition according to the different system of operating system , is very rapid because of the renovation of product, price is working needs high with inefficient already do not meet. In JAVA step platform language appearance after, the configuration of B/S is more vigorous impact C/S , and forms threat and challenge for it. . The advantage of B/S configuration software ( 1 ) The Maintenance of inferior position and upgrading way are simple. Now upgrading and the improvement of software system more and more frequently, the product of the configuration of B/S embodies more convenient property obviously. For one a little a little bit big unit , if systematic administrator needs , between hundreds of 1000 even last puters round trip run , efficiency and workload is to can imagine, but the configuration of B/S software needs management server have been all right , all customer ends are browser only, need not do any maintenance at all. No matter the scale of user has , is what , has how many branch will not increase any workload of maintenance upgrading , is all to operate needs to aim at server to go on。 兩 層的客戶 /服務(wù)器結(jié)構(gòu) 。采用這種結(jié)構(gòu)能綜合各種計算機(jī)協(xié)同工作，各盡其能，實現(xiàn)對計算機(jī)系統(tǒng)的規(guī)模優(yōu)化（ Rightsizing） 和規(guī)?？s小化 (Downsizing)。 客戶 /服務(wù)器類型把計算機(jī)分為兩類，提供服務(wù)的一方稱為服務(wù)器，請求服務(wù)的一方稱為客戶。有的 Inter 節(jié)點一方面提供服務(wù)，另一方面也從別的節(jié)點處獲得服務(wù)；甚至在一次對話過程中，雙方的角色也可能互換。新的客戶應(yīng)用負(fù)責(zé)用戶界面和簡單固定的業(yè)務(wù)邏輯，新的服務(wù)器應(yīng)用駐留核心的、易變的業(yè)務(wù)邏輯。這種結(jié)構(gòu) 即被稱為 B/S 體系結(jié)構(gòu)。 Browser/Server 結(jié)構(gòu)極大的簡化了客戶機(jī)的工作，客戶機(jī)上只需安裝、配置少量的客戶端軟件即可， 服務(wù)器將擔(dān)負(fù)更多的工作，對數(shù)據(jù)庫的訪問和應(yīng)用程序的執(zhí)行將在服務(wù)器上完成。 第二層 功能層：具有應(yīng)用程序擴(kuò)展功能的 Web 服務(wù)器 。 在數(shù)據(jù)層中包含系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)處理邏 輯，位于數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器端。 這種結(jié)構(gòu)不僅 把客戶機(jī)從沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)和不斷對其提高的性能的要求中解放出來，也把技術(shù)維護(hù)人員從繁重的維護(hù)升級工作中解脫出來。 兩種體系結(jié)構(gòu)的對比 Browser/Server 體系結(jié)構(gòu)與 Client/Server 體系結(jié)構(gòu)相比不僅具有Client/Server 體系結(jié)構(gòu)的全部優(yōu)點，而且又有 Cli/Server 體系結(jié)構(gòu)所不具備的獨特優(yōu)勢： ASP 外文翻譯 +原文 xinxiasd 13 開放的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ： Client/Server 所采用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)只要在內(nèi)部統(tǒng)一就可，它的應(yīng)用往往是專用的。 使用簡單，界面友好 ： Client/Server 用戶的界面是由客戶端軟件所決定的，其使用的方法和界面各不相同，每推廣一個 Client/Server 系統(tǒng)都要求用戶從頭學(xué)起，難以使用。 系統(tǒng)靈活 ： Client/Server 系統(tǒng)的三部分模塊中有一部分需改變就要關(guān)聯(lián)到其它模塊的變動，使系統(tǒng)極難升級。 三層的 Browser/Server 體系結(jié)構(gòu)具有許多傳統(tǒng) Client/Server 體系結(jié)構(gòu)不具備的優(yōu)點，而且又緊密的結(jié)合了 Inter/Intra 技術(shù)，是技術(shù)發(fā)展的大勢所趨，它把應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)帶入了一個嶄新的發(fā)展時代。 C/S （ Client/Server）結(jié)構(gòu)，即大家熟知的客戶機(jī)和服務(wù)器結(jié)構(gòu)。 ASP 外文翻譯 +原文 xinxiasd 14 傳統(tǒng)的 C／ S 體系結(jié)構(gòu)雖然采用的是開放模式，但這只是系統(tǒng)開發(fā)一級的開放性，在特定的應(yīng)用中無論是 Client 端還是 Server 端都還需要 特定的軟件支持。 (1) 什么是 B/S 結(jié)構(gòu)。這樣就大大簡化了客戶端電腦載荷，減輕了系統(tǒng)維護(hù)與升級的成本和工作量，降低了用戶的總體成本（ TCO）。特別是在 JAVA 這樣的跨平臺語言出現(xiàn)之后， B/S 架構(gòu)管理軟件更是方便、快捷、高效。其次，今天所有電腦的瀏覽器界面，不僅直觀和易于使用，更主要的是基于瀏覽器平臺的任何應(yīng)用軟件其風(fēng)格都是一樣的，使用人對操作培訓(xùn)的要求不高，而且軟件可操作性強(qiáng)，易于識別；再者，平臺體系結(jié)構(gòu)也從過去單用戶發(fā)展到今天的文件／服務(wù)器（ F／ S）體系、客戶機(jī)／服務(wù)器（ C／ S）體系和瀏覽器／服務(wù)器（ B／ S）體系 C/S和 B/S 之比較 C/S 和 B/S 是當(dāng)今世。 管理軟件技術(shù)的主流技術(shù)與管理思想一樣 ， 也經(jīng)歷了三個發(fā)展時期。它是一次性到位的開發(fā)，能實現(xiàn)不同的人員，從不同的地點，以不同的接入方式（比如LAN, WAN, Inter/Intra 等）訪問和操作共同的數(shù)據(jù)庫；它能有 效地保護(hù)數(shù)據(jù)平臺和管理訪問權(quán)限，服務(wù)器數(shù)據(jù)庫也很安全 。它是隨著 Inter 技術(shù)的興起，對 C/S 結(jié)構(gòu)的一種變化或者改進(jìn)的結(jié)構(gòu)。而且代價高， 效率低。目前大多數(shù)應(yīng)用軟件系統(tǒng)都是 Client/Server 形式的兩層結(jié)構(gòu)，由于現(xiàn)在的軟件應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)正在向分布式的Web 應(yīng)用發(fā)展， Web 和 Client/Ser