【正文】 路的分流措施，因?yàn)槠涔ぷ鹘拥?、保護(hù)接地都與其它電氣設(shè)備采用同一接地裝置，而且設(shè)備都處于 LPZOB 區(qū)，電磁脈沖強(qiáng)度相對較強(qiáng)，在站用變低壓側(cè)雖然有防止線路侵人波的避雷器，但殘壓高，因此在變電站遭受雷擊時，通過線路耦合和地電位升高而造成的反擊過電壓依然存在，而且高壓側(cè)的殘壓高達(dá)幾千伏，因此必須對這些調(diào)度自動化設(shè)備的供電回路進(jìn)行過電壓保護(hù)。變電站內(nèi)的過電壓形式主要有：雷電過電壓、工頻過電壓及諧振過電壓、操作過電壓等，這些過電壓以傳導(dǎo)或電磁感應(yīng)的方式在線路及設(shè)備上形成危險(xiǎn)的過電壓，特別是雷電 過電壓，雷擊變電站時，會在低壓供電系統(tǒng)及弱電系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生很強(qiáng)的感應(yīng)過電壓，同時使變電站的地電位升高 (例如：變電站的接地電阻為 1 Q，雷電流為 10 kA，則地電位為 10 kV)，因地電位升高造成對線路及設(shè)備的反擊而損壞線路及設(shè)備的事件時有發(fā)生，因此，盡管變電站的外部防雷系統(tǒng) (避雷針．引下線及接地裝置 )符合國家及部頒標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求，且其綜合自動化和通信自動化等二次弱電系統(tǒng)也采取了諸如屏蔽、接地、隔離、濾波等措施，但卻不能完全避免強(qiáng)大的雷電過電壓及電壓反擊對系統(tǒng)造成的干擾和破壞，因此，變電站二次弱電系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部防雷及過電壓也 必須采取相應(yīng)的防護(hù)措施，按照 IEC 內(nèi)部防雷 EMP 的分區(qū)，對設(shè)備的電源線、信號線、數(shù)據(jù)線等加裝內(nèi)部防雷及過電壓器件，防止雷電感應(yīng)、雷電流沿線竄人、電壓反擊、浪涌過電壓等瞬間暫態(tài)過電壓造成系統(tǒng)故障及損壞電子設(shè)備。盡 管雷電直擊電子系統(tǒng) (設(shè)備 )的可能性不大，但是雷擊附近大地、建筑物、交流供電線路和空中雷云放電時直接形成的，或者由于靜電感應(yīng)及電磁感應(yīng)形成的沖擊過電壓，都有可能通過與之相連的電力線路、信號線路或接地系統(tǒng)，通過各種接口，以傳導(dǎo)、耦合、輻射等形式，侵入電子系統(tǒng) (設(shè)備 )并釀成嚴(yán)重的干擾或事故。s MODEM (modem) from telephone lines to send data to a remote, since the introduction of telephone lines from the outside, the lines on the sensor to sensor lightning current relatively strong, easy to Modem interface equipment damage, it is necessary in the telephone line modem interface, the installation of an interface overvoltage surge protector. Location should choose to install telephone Chuxian inside and outside phone linestheline people. distance munication interface overvoltage protection Protective position: Since the basic use of unmanned substation. On the first circuit protection, measurement, control, regulation of signal through the optical and data munications work or carrier to the distance (in tune, and stressed that the centralized control stations, etc.) to transmit data. If the carrier, the carrier and the puter automation of the signal devices connected relatively long lines, substations in the vicinity of a direct lightning strike or be a strong overvoltage sensors, to be near the puter automation devices to signal I: Ithe installation of signal arrester, while in the area and extend to LPZOB LPZOA area of munication lines (DDN, ) very easy Lightning sensors on the overvoltage, must also be the installation of overvoltage surge protector. Installation location should choose the remote device munication line interface Department. Secondary system overvoltage substation protection issues in recent years by a new task, the above is only related to the scene of the unit into the actual situation on the Protection of the preliminary measures, it will be in continuing to draw on practical experience of running a summary analysis and continuous improvement, Hope that the new substation in the future or the old substation automation of integrated, strengthen the secondary overvoltage protection system of planning and design, equipment and ensure the safe and stable operation of power grids. 變電站系統(tǒng)過電壓防護(hù)技術(shù) 變電站的過電壓保護(hù)是以電子信息系統(tǒng)為保護(hù)核心，為被保護(hù)設(shè)備構(gòu)建一個均壓等電位系統(tǒng)，并通過各級過電壓浪涌保護(hù)器逐級把電流泄放入大地，使變電站設(shè)備安全和可靠地運(yùn)行。英文文獻(xiàn) Substation system overvoltage protection technology Second substation equipment overvoltage protection on electronic information system for the protection of core equipment for the construction of a protected both pressure and other potential system, and through all levels of overvoltage surge protectors of the current step by step into the land of China, Substation secondary safety equipment and reliable operation. 1 second overvoltage substation protection In recent years, the substation munications, munications systems, protection systems, background management module frequent overvoltage damage, the main reason for this is weak and its related systems products overvoltage protection level is weak, or no guard against overvoltage Technical measures, the consequences for the safe operation of power grids bring about a greater negative impact. With integrated automation systems and automation systems such as munication systems in the substation weak secondary by the wider use of such electronic systems (equipment) ponents of the integrated more and more, the growing volume of information storage, speed and accuracy of the Increased and operates only a few volts, current information only microamp level, thus extremely se