土木工程外文翻譯3-建筑結(jié)構(gòu)(文件)
【正文】 action A Cross sectional area Ac Cross sectional area of concrete Ap Area of a prestressing tendon or tendons Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CEN No reproduction or working permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale `,`,```,`,`,`,` EN 199211:2020 (E) 17 As Cross sectional area of reinforcement As,min minimum cross sectional area of reinforcement Asw Cross sectional area of shear reinforcement D Diameter of mandrel DEd Fatigue damage factor 12 E Effect of action Ec, Ec(28) Tangent modulus of elasticity of normal weight concrete at a stress of σc = 0 and at 28 days Ec,eff Effective modulus of elasticity of concrete Ecd Design value of modulus of elasticity of concrete Ecm Secant modulus of elasticity of concrete Ec(t) Tangent modulus of elasticity of normal weight concrete at a stress of σc = 0 and at time t Ep Design value of modulus of elasticity of prestressing steel Es Design value of modulus of elasticity of reinforcing steel EΙ Bending stiffness EQU Static equilibrium F Action Fd Design value of an action Fk Characteristic value of an action Gk Characteristic permanent action Ι Second moment of area of concrete section L Length M Bending moment MEd Design value of the applied internal bending moment N Axial force NEd Design value of the applied axial force (tension or pression) P Prestressing force P0 Initial force at the active end of the tendon immediately after stressing Qk Characteristic variable action Qfat Characteristic fatigue load R Resistance S Internal forces and moments S First moment of area SLS Serviceability limit state T Torsional moment TEd Design value of the applied torsional moment ULS Ultimate limit state V Shear force VEd Design value of the applied shear force Latin lower case letters a Distance a Geometrical data Δa Deviation for geometrical data b Overall width of a crosssection, or actual flange width in a T or L beam 13 bw Width of the web on T, I or L beams d Diameter 。 ratio β Angle 。 C ρ l Reinforcement ratio for longitudinal reinforcement ρ w Reinforcement ratio for shear reinforcement σ c Compressive stress in the concrete 16 σ cp Compressive stress in the concrete from axial load or prestressing σ cu Compressive stress in the concrete at the ultimate pressive strain εcu τ Torsional shear stress φ Diameter of a reinforcing bar or of a prestressing duct φ n Equivalent diameter of a bundle of reinforcing bars ? (t,t0) Creep coefficient, defining creep between times t and t0 , related to elastic deformation at 28 days ? (∞ ,t0) Final value of creep coefficient ψ Factors defining representative values of variable actions ψ 0 for bination values ψ 1 for frequent values ψ 2 for quasipermanent values 。 coefficient γ Partial factor γ A Partial factor for accidental actions A γ C Partial factor for concrete γ F Partial factor for actions, F γ F,fat Partial factor for fatigue actions γ C,fat Partial factor for fatigue of concrete γ G Partial factor for permanent actions, G γ M Partial factor for a material property, taking account of uncertainties in the material property itself, in geometric deviation and in the design model used Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CEN No reproduction or working permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale `,`,```,`,`,`,` EN 199211:2020 (E) 19 γ P Partial factor for actions associated with prestressing, P γ Q Partial factor for variable actions, Q γ S Partial factor for reinforcing or
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