【正文】 潛在環(huán)境責(zé)任的。 M a i n t e n a n ce P r o ce d u r e s I n t e g r i t y M g m t P r e C l o s u r e P l a n n i n g R e m e d i a t i o n P r o p e r t y R e d e v e l o p m e n t D e co m m i ss i o nB u s i n e s s P r o c e s s :A s s e t P h a s e :Ac q u i s i t i o n o r N e w Bu i l dP r e v e n t n e w o r s h r i n k / r e d u c ee x i s t i n g l i a b i l i t i e sA c t i o n :D i v e s t m e n t , Sh u t d o w n , R e d e v e l o p m e n tT r a n s fe r o r P r e v e n t f u t u re l i a b i l i t i e s S i t e S e l e ct i o n / E n t r y D e si g n amp。 12 1. How releases can happen: 滲漏是如何發(fā)生的？ Spills to cracks in the concrete or asphalt surface 滲漏到水泥地面的裂縫中或者瀝青路面 Leaking underground storage tanks and piping 地下儲(chǔ)油罐和輸油管道的滲漏 Leaking aboveground storage tanks 地上儲(chǔ)油罐的滲漏 Leaks at the dispensers 油機(jī)的滲漏 Spills that reach drains or catch basins 滲漏到溝渠和濾污器 Overfills during fuel deliveries 卸油時(shí)油滿溢出 2. How releases can impact the Environment: 油氣滲漏是如何污染環(huán)境的？ Impacts to ground water, including drinking water 對(duì)地下水，包括飲用水的污染 Impacts to surface water 對(duì)地表水的污染 Understanding how we can Impact the Environment 了了 解解 一一 下下 我我 們們 是是 如如 何何 影影 響響 環(huán)環(huán) 境境 的的 I n t r o d u c t i o n 介 紹 How Petroleum Releases Impact our Environment, Health, and safety 石油產(chǎn)品如何影響我們的環(huán)境，健康和安全 加油站 傳播媒介（空氣） 加油泵 泄漏 儲(chǔ)油罐 泄漏 傳播媒介 （地下水） 受污染土壤 13 Impacts to surface soils 對(duì)地面土壤的污染 Vapors in buildings, basements and underground utilities 建筑物里的蒸汽，地下室和地下設(shè)備 3. How releases can impact Human Health: 油氣滲漏是如何影響健康的 Inhalation 呼入氣體 Contact with Skin 皮膚接觸 Consumption 進(jìn)食 4. How releases can impact Safety 油氣滲漏是如何影響安全的 Fire 火災(zāi) Explosion 爆炸 14 This section of the Handbook provides remended good practices for service station operators, specifically in the areas of: 在這里，本手冊為 加油站運(yùn)作提供各種良好的操作方式，尤其在以下方面： ? Understanding the potential environmental risks for a property prior to purchase 在購買物業(yè)之前，了解潛在的環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn) ? Recognizing potential environmental risks that could result from future retail operations. 識(shí)別對(duì)我們將來的運(yùn)作業(yè)務(wù)帶來潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的環(huán)境問題 Understanding the potential environmental risks for a property prior to purchase. 在購買物業(yè)之前，了解潛在的環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Recognizing potential environmental risks that could result from future station operations. 識(shí)別對(duì)我們將來油站零售運(yùn)作帶來潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的 環(huán)境問題 P A R T 2 A c q u i s i t i o n 第 二 部 分 ： 加油站 的收購 15 Prior to purchasing a site, the JV can evaluate the site’s current underground environmental condition (soils and groundwater), the potential impact to the surrounding munity (sensitive receptors) and any potential environmental remediation costs. 在收購加油站之前，合資公司可以先對(duì)加油站當(dāng)前的地下環(huán)境情況（包括土壤和地下水）進(jìn)行評(píng)估，從而知道此站對(duì)周圍的社區(qū)環(huán)境（敏感的受體）的影響以及環(huán)境治理方面的潛在費(fèi)用。這些在收購之前的視察包括了兩個(gè)階段： ? Phase 1 – Site assessment 第一個(gè)階段：加油站評(píng)估 ? Phase 2 – Sub Surface Investigation 第二個(gè)階段：地表層的調(diào)查 16 Phase I Environmental Site Assessment The following activities may be conducted by JV personnel, but are often performed by 3rdparty environmental professionals. 第一階段： 環(huán)境評(píng)估 – 以下的各項(xiàng)由合資公司的人員負(fù)責(zé)，不過通常是經(jīng)過第三方的環(huán)保專家來執(zhí)行的。 Qualified environmental professionals typically perform phase 2 subsurface investigations. 第二階段的地表調(diào)查工作通常是由具備資格的環(huán)保專家來進(jìn)行的。合資公司發(fā)現(xiàn)了只有二十一個(gè)發(fā)生泄漏的儲(chǔ)油罐，然后碼上采取措施進(jìn)行維修，在最大程度上減低了政府有關(guān)部門在這個(gè)方面的罰款和強(qiáng)制措施。（中國的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是 5厘米） Understanding the potential environmental risks associated with new service station construction. 了解由于新建加油站所帶來的潛在環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn) P A R T 3 C o n s t r u c t I o n 第 三 部 分 ： 加 油 站 的 建 設(shè) 20 ? All USTs being moved from one location to another must be Xrayed and static pressure tested after being pletely installed at the new location. If they fail the Xray test, the tank will be removed. 所有儲(chǔ)油罐，如果從一個(gè)地方搬到另外一個(gè)地方，在新地點(diǎn)安裝完畢后，必須要通過X光檢測和靜電壓力測試。中油 BP 合資公司在這個(gè)方面可以采取的一個(gè)預(yù)防措施就是監(jiān)視加油站現(xiàn)場的建設(shè)和油氣系統(tǒng)的安裝工程。 ? Review the JV’s health and safety policy with all workers on site. Always have a site safety plan and review the plan before each work day begins Understanding the potential environmental risks associated with new service station construction. 了解由于 新 建加油站所帶來的潛在環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn) P A R T 3 C o n s t r u c t I o n 第 三 部 。我們推薦以下的操作方式 : Integrating Environmental good practices into service station construction activities. 把營造良好的環(huán)境和加油站建設(shè)結(jié)合起來 ? Review the project with the construction firm. Reinforce the need for protecting the environment through good construction practices. 和負(fù)責(zé)建設(shè)的公司檢查一下工程計(jì)劃。 ? USTs not passing a visual inspection. The JV standard to install USTs is as follows: 儲(chǔ)油罐如果不能通過 目視檢測，合資公司安裝的儲(chǔ)油罐就要執(zhí)行以下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)： ? USTs must be wrapped with three layers of paint and two layers of cloth with resin 儲(chǔ)油罐必須用三層油漆，兩層含有樹脂的布料進(jìn)行包裹 ? When USTs are replaced, JV minimum tank thickness for USTs is 810 cm. 儲(chǔ)油罐更換后，合資公司對(duì)新油罐的厚度的最低要求是 810毫米 ? USTs must be installed to the Engineering Department’s Design standard 儲(chǔ)油罐必須根據(jù)工程部門設(shè)計(jì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行安裝 o (UST secured to concrete foundation surrounded with clean sand.) （儲(chǔ)油罐必須牢固的固定在水泥地面上，周圍有干凈的沙提供保護(hù)） ? New fuel systems will have cathodic protection installed. 新的油氣系統(tǒng)必須安裝有負(fù)極防護(hù)層。我們在加油站的建設(shè)階段有可能會(huì)影響環(huán)境。 This s