基礎(chǔ)防雷外文資料翻譯(文件)
【正文】 efore the arrival of lightning. Users should beware of overconfidence in such equipment which is not perfect and does not always acquire all lightning data. Education Lightning safety should be practiced by all people during thunderstorms. Preparedness includes: get indoors or in a car。 stay off the telephone. If caught outdoors during nearby lightning, adopt the Lightning Safety Position (LSP). LSP means staying away from other people, taking off all metal objects, crouching with feet together, head bowed, and placing hands on ears to reduce acoustic shock. Measuring lightning39。 Standards The marketplace abounds with exaggerated claims of product perfection. Frequently referenced codes and installation standards are inplete, out dated and promulgated by mercial interests. On the other hand IEC, IEEE, MILSTD, FAA, NASA and similar documents are supported by background engineering, the peerreview process, and are technical in nature. Summary It is important that all of the above subjects be considered in a lightning safety analysis. There is no Utopia in lightning protection. Lightning may ignore every defense man can conceive. A systematic hazard mitigation approach to lightning safety is a prudent course of action. References 1. API 2020, Protection Against Ignitions Arising out of Static, Lightning, and Stray Currents, American Petroleum Institute, Washington DC, December 1991. 2. Golde, ., Lightning, Academic Press, NY, 1977. 3. Hasse, P., Overvoltage Protection of Low Voltage Systems, Peter Peregrinus Press, London, 1992. 4. Hovath, Tibor, Computation of Lightning Protection, John Wiley, NY, 1991. 5. IEEE Std 1100, Powering and Grounding of Sensitive Electronic Equipment, IEEE, NY, NY. 1992. 6. KSCSTDE0012B, Standard for Bonding and Grounding, Engineering Development Directorate, John F. Kennedy Space Center, NASA, 1991. 7. Morris, ., ., RocketTriggered Lightning Studies for the Protection of Critical Assets, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 30, No. 3, May/June 1994. 8. Sunde, . Earth Conduction Effects in Transmission Systems, D. Van Nostrand Co., NY, 1949. 9. Towne, D., Wave Phenomena, Dover Publications, NY. 10. Uman, Martin, Lightning, Dover Publications, NY, 1984. 。 a F/B of 20 = 4 miles, etc. Since the distance from Strike A to Strike B to Strike C can be as much as 58 miles. Be conservative and suspend activities when you first hear thunder, if possible. Do not resume outdoor activities until 20 minutes has past from the last observable thunder or lightning. Organizations should adopt a Lightning Safety Policy and integrate it into their overall safety plan. Testing Modern diagnostic testing is available to mimic the performance of lightning conducting devices as well as to indicate the general route of lightning through structures. This testing typically is low power, 50 watt or less. It is traceable, bu
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