外文翻譯---英格蘭和威爾士地區(qū)建筑能效的提高-建筑結(jié)構(gòu)(文件)
【正文】 eration, transitioning the building sector is relatively straightforward. RELATIONSHIP WITH CLIMATE CHANGE The link between the building sector and climate change lies in the sector representing the largest, most feasible and costeffective source of emission reductions of any economic sector. This is explicitly recognised by the EU, UK and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).6 In the EU, the use of energy in buildings accounts for over 40 percent of final energy In the UK, almost half of all CO2 emissions are attributed to the building sector, with the highest proportion from residential buildings (27 per cent).8 It is estimated that improving the energy efficiency of the building sector would save at least 20 per cent of energy across the Emission reductions through reduced energy consumption in one economic sector in one part of the world do not in themselves mitigate the impacts of climate Realising substantial emission reductions from the building sector in the UK and EU is noheless regarded as imperative for meeting the key emission reduction targets developed as part of global efforts to mitigate climate These include the mitment of the UK and the European Community as a whole to an 8 percent reduction in emissions from 1990 levels during the period 2020 to 2020 under the Kyoto The EU 2020 target, now incorporated in the Copenhagen Accord, is a 20 percent reduction in emissions from 1990 levels by This may be increased to 30 percent subject to parable reductions by developed countries and ‘a(chǎn)dequate’ contribution to reductions by developing countries. At the domestic level the UK has set targets leading to an 80 percent reduction in emissions from 1990 levels by 2050 under the Climate Change Act 2020 (‘CC Act’).14 RELATIONSHIP WITH ENERGY SECURITY Energy security is a serious challenge for the UK because of its high levels of energy demand and potential shortages in energy supply. For example, Helm forecasts that severe shortages in supply may occur as early as 202015 – a problem Helm attributes to decades of underinvestment in both ‘clean’ and ‘dirty’ energy The UK is ranked as one of the ‘worst performers’ globally in transitioning to clean energy supplies with only 2 per cent of total primary energy sourced from renewables, pared to 47 per cent in Norway, 29 percent in India and 12 percent in This undersupply is exacerbated by aging infrastructure with a number of coal and nuclear power plants ing to the end of their Energy efficiency can mitigate the risk of energy shortages by lowering levels of energy demand and improving levels of supply. In theory, using energy more efficiently should reduce demand for Lovins argues that energy saved in this way can also be regarded as a discrete source of energy, improving levels of energy This is Lovins’ notion of a ‘negawatt’. A negawatt is a low to zero cost investment option for improving sou
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