【正文】 時(shí)效、成本、資金、產(chǎn)品定位、研發(fā)資源 ?顧客行銷(xiāo)策略會(huì)定義： – 目標(biāo)顧客 – 主要賣(mài)點(diǎn) – 主要競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者 經(jīng)營(yíng)計(jì)畫(huà) / 行銷(xiāo)策略 46 Product Process Benchmark Data 產(chǎn)品 /製程之標(biāo)竿資料 ? A requirement of QS 9000 para. 9000 的要求 ? Provides inputs to establish performance targets提供輸入以建立性能指標(biāo) ? Must address key process(es)必須指出主要製程 ? Must be measurable必須可量測(cè) ? Methods for successful benchmarking: Identify appropriate benchmark(s), Find reason for gap between your status and benchmark, Develop a plan for closing gap, meeting or exceeding, benchmark鑑別標(biāo)竿 , 找出真因 , 建立改正計(jì)劃 , 符合標(biāo)竿或超出之 47 Product Process Assumptions 產(chǎn)品 /製程假設(shè) ? Assumptions: Features, Design, Process concepts, Technical innovations, Advanced materials, Reliability assessments, New technology假設(shè) : 特性設(shè)計(jì)製程概念 , 技術(shù)創(chuàng)新 , 先進(jìn)材料 , 可靠度查核 , 新技術(shù) ? Document assumptions as part of project plan紀(jì)錄假設(shè)使成為計(jì)劃的一部分 ? Consider alternate paths in case assumptions do not play out當(dāng)假設(shè)不能執(zhí)行考慮替代方案時(shí) 48 Product Reliability Studies產(chǎn)品可靠度研究 ? Frequency of repairs or replacements within designated time period(s)在預(yù)計(jì)的時(shí)間修理或更換的頻率 ? Repair or Throwaway?修理或丟棄 ? Long range reliability and/or durability tests長(zhǎng)時(shí)間可靠度研究或耐久測(cè)試 ? Studies can be VERY costly and lengthy研究可能是非常貴而且耗時(shí) ? MTBR = Mean Time Between Replacement ? MTBO = Mean Time Between Overhaul ? MTBF = Mean Time Between Failures 49 Customer Inputs顧客輸入 ?Next users provide information about needs and expectations下一使用者提供需求及期望的訊息 ?Possibility of previous conducted reviews and studies先前審查及研究結(jié)果輸入的可能性 ?Used to develop measure of customer satisfaction使用先前資訊已發(fā)展衡量客戶(hù)滿(mǎn)意的方法 50 APQP Phase 1: Plan and Define Program/ output 定義及計(jì)劃 ,輸出 51 設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo) ?轉(zhuǎn)化顧客的聲音 , 需要及期望，成為初步即可度量的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo) ?確保顧客的聲音不會(huì)消失在隨後的設(shè)計(jì)活動(dòng) 52 ?可靠目標(biāo)是依據(jù)顧客的需要及期望，設(shè)計(jì)的目標(biāo)及可靠度最佳典範(fàn) ?可靠度目標(biāo)應(yīng)以機(jī)率及信賴(lài)水準(zhǔn)表示 ?品質(zhì)目標(biāo)係持續(xù)改善的方向，如： PPM、缺點(diǎn)水準(zhǔn)或報(bào)廢降低 可靠及品質(zhì)目標(biāo) 53 初步料表（結(jié)構(gòu)表） BOM ? BOM係依據(jù)對(duì)產(chǎn)品 /製程假設(shè)訂定流程圖 ?為了明訂初步特殊產(chǎn)品及製程特性，必需選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑O(shè)計(jì)及製造步驟 /過(guò)程 54 ? 依據(jù)初步 BOM及產(chǎn)品 /製程假設(shè)訂定流程圖 ? 將預(yù)期製造流程，以作業(yè)流程圖的方式表示 初期製造流程 初步特殊產(chǎn)品 /製程特性清單 供應(yīng)商依據(jù)顧客所定義及對(duì)產(chǎn)品 /製程的了解， 建立如下之資料： – 依顧客之需要及期望做產(chǎn)品假設(shè) – 明定之可靠度目標(biāo) /需求 – 依預(yù)期之製程明定特殊製程特性 – 類(lèi)似零件的 FMEAs 55 係將設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)換成具體設(shè)計(jì)需求，可以任何 可被知道的格式表示，包括： – 研發(fā)計(jì)畫(huà)之需求大綱 – 明定可靠度、耐久性及配置目標(biāo)及需求 – 評(píng)估各項(xiàng)需求，包括新技術(shù)、複雜性、材料、環(huán)境，使用、包裝、服務(wù)及製造之需求，與任何造成研發(fā)計(jì)畫(huà)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之項(xiàng)目 – 建立失效模式分析制度 – 建立初步工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)需求 （ 產(chǎn)品品保計(jì)畫(huà)是產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)計(jì)畫(huà)重要的部份 ） 品質(zhì)保證計(jì)劃 56 ?高階管理階層的參與、承諾及支持，是研發(fā)計(jì)畫(huà)小組成功的關(guān)鍵 ?更新各階段研發(fā)就是促使管理階層參與、支持及承諾之方法 ?展示研發(fā)工作符合文件規(guī)定及解決問(wèn)題之期限，是為了維持管理階層參與支持 ?產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)規(guī)劃會(huì)議希望高階能參與 管理階層的支持 57 APQP Phase 2: Product Design and Development 產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)及開(kāi)發(fā) 58 DFMEA設(shè)計(jì) FMEA ? Disciplined analytical tool: Assess probability of failure, Effect of failure系統(tǒng)性的分析工具 : 評(píng)估失效的機(jī)率及其影響 ? Must be continually updated必須經(jīng)常更新 ? Causes changes and/or additions to previously selected special product and/or process characteristics提供變更及增添以前選擇的產(chǎn)品及過(guò)程特性的機(jī)會(huì) ? If you do not have design control, you (should) have customer DFMEA如無(wú)設(shè)計(jì)責(zé)任也應(yīng)取得客戶(hù)的 FMEA ? Check list (AIAG APQP Manual Appendix A1) 59 DFM and DFA製造性及裝配設(shè)計(jì) ?Design, concept, function and sensitivity (tolerance) to manufacturing variation設(shè)計(jì) , 概念 , 功能 , 公差 , 考慮 製造變異 ?Manufacturing and/or assembly process製造及組立過(guò)程 ?Dimensional tolerances尺寸公差 ?Performance requirements性能要求 ?Number of ponents (plexity)零件數(shù)量 ?Process adjustments調(diào)整製程 ?Material handling物料搬運(yùn) 60 Design Verification設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)證 ?Inspection methods檢驗(yàn)方法 ?Testing methods測(cè)試方法 ?Ensure that all design outputs meet design input requirements: Alternate calculations, CAD/math data, Review design stage documents before release確保設(shè)計(jì)輸出符合輸入要求 , 例如替代性計(jì)算 , CAD 方法 , 審查設(shè)計(jì)階段文件 61 Design Reviews Evaluations設(shè)計(jì)審查 ? Design/functional requirement(s) and considerations 包括設(shè)計(jì)功能要求的考慮 ? Formal reliability and confidence goals正式可靠度及信賴(lài)性目標(biāo) ? Component/subsystem/system duty cycles工作循環(huán) ? Computer simulation and benchmarking test results電腦模擬及標(biāo)竿測(cè)試結(jié)果 ? DFMEA(s) ? Review of the DFM and DFA ? Design of experiments (DOE) and assembly build variation results實(shí)驗(yàn)計(jì)劃法及組裝造成的變異分析 ? Test failure 測(cè)試失效 ? Design verification progress設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)證進(jìn)度 62 Design Review Tracking設(shè)計(jì)審查的追蹤 ?Track verification progress using a design verification plan and report (DVPamp。 Control Plan reference manual Appendix A3 69 Special Product and Process Characteristics List特殊產(chǎn)品及過(guò)程特性表 ? Upgrade preliminary list started in Phase 1 from information gathered through review and development of design features依由審查及設(shè)計(jì)活動(dòng)獲取的資訊更新初期特性表 ? Additional sources其他來(lái)源 : DFMEA, SFMEA if applicable, PFMEA, Previous history ? Must be on control plans for prototype, prelaunch and production 必須出現(xiàn)在各階段的 CP ? Listing should be a team consensus 小組共識(shí) 70 Gage and Testing Equipment Requirements 量具及測(cè)試設(shè)備的要求 ?Preliminary identification of inspection, test and measurement equipment鑑別檢驗(yàn)測(cè)試及量測(cè)設(shè)備的要求 ?Requirements on timing chart進(jìn)度表上的要求 : Complete in time to conduct measurement systems analysis, Equipment builder, Pilot build, Production trial run 即時(shí)完成 MSA,設(shè)備製造者 , 原型 , 試作時(shí)間 71 Team Feasibility, Commitment and Management Support 小組可行性承諾及管理者支援 ? Team feasibility mitment小組可行性承諾 ? Complete program review check list, including: Design feasibility, Can be manufactured, assembled, tested and packaged, Can be delivered in the right quantities on schedule at acceptable cost. 完成計(jì)劃查檢表 , 確保設(shè)計(jì)可行性 , 可製造 , 組立 , 測(cè)試 , 包裝 . 可以即時(shí)交貨 , 數(shù)量正確 , 可接受的成本 . Review design information check list in AIAG APQP Reference manual Appendix A2 as part of feasibility inputs ? Open issues that require resolution with assigned responsibility and ? Management Support: Report project status to management, Remend continue or drop project depending on feasibility, Cover open issues and concerns. Management support as required管理者支援 : 將進(jìn)度報(bào)告管理階層 , 根據(jù)可行性審查結(jié)果建議繼續(xù)或放棄該計(jì)劃 ,報(bào)告要包括問(wèn)題點(diǎn)以獲取管理者支援 72 Subcontractor Pilot Build分包商的原型 ?Supplier par