【正文】 城市建設工程學部 專 業(yè) 年 級 : 給水排水工程 2021 級 1 班 指 導 教 師： 魯群 職稱或學位： 1 2021 年 03 月 13 多層住宅建筑給排水設計的幾個問題 摘要 ：本文就多層住宅建筑給排水設計中給水管材的選用，管道的敷設方式， 水表出戶設置，家用熱水器的設置及空調冷凝水排放等問題進行探討，并提出一些具體看法。因此，設計人員必須以整體設計的觀念和方法，綜合考慮廚房、衛(wèi)生間給排水管道 和設備的安裝等。塑料給水 管與金屬管道相比，具有重量輕，耐壓強度好，輸送液體阻力小，耐化學腐蝕性能強，安裝方便，省鋼節(jié)能，使用壽命長等 優(yōu)點。經(jīng)濟適用房和解 困房主要面對廣大中低收入居民，可選用衛(wèi)生級硬聚氯乙烯管（ PVC－ U）作為給水管，以降低造價；中高檔商品房可用鋁 塑復合管（ PE－ AL－ PE， PEX－AL－ PEX）或其他塑料給水管材作為給水管。 2）明裝在建筑物外墻陰角處。這種方式使居室潔凈美觀，但管道井占用了衛(wèi)生間的面積，且管道施工、維修都比較困難。給水支管暗 設的方式有： 1） 暗設在磚墻里。鋁塑復合管和交聯(lián)聚丙烯管等管道采用金屬管件連接， 采用暗設時須加大管槽尺寸，且水流局部水頭損失較大。 3）排水支管敷設 住宅室內(nèi)排水橫管宜設在本層套內(nèi)，這樣排水橫管滲透時可避免污水等污染物進入鄰戶，管道維修時也不會影響到鄰 戶的正常生活。地面勢高 150mm，采用后排式坐便器，洗臉盆、浴盆和地漏的排水橫管暗埋在墊層內(nèi)。暗埋管道安裝時，施工質量一定要嚴格把關， 經(jīng)驗收合格后方可施工衛(wèi)生間地面，以免給日后使用中留下隱患。多層住宅水表戶外設置有以下幾種形式： 1．采用遠傳水表 4 把普通水表換成遠 傳水表，由一根信號線連接水表與數(shù)據(jù)采集機，再傳至智能管理（微機）。住戶給水支管經(jīng)水表計量后進入廚房、衛(wèi)生間。下行上給式供水時，在底層設水表間（水表箱），各層住戶給水支管在管道井內(nèi)敷 設，南方地區(qū)也可在建筑物陰角處沿外墻敷設；上行下給式供水時，可在屋頂設水表間（水表箱）。 （四）家用熱水器的設置問題 住宅設計時應預留安裝熱水供應設施的條件，或設置熱水供應設施。太陽能熱水 器使用簡便安全，無需燃料 5 及電力，運行費用低，使用壽命長，無污染，很受廣大用戶的歡迎，近幾年來有不少的住宅小 區(qū)在設計施工時就全部安裝上了太陽能熱水器。 （五）空調冷凝水排放問題 近幾年，空調逐漸進入千家萬戶，空調冷凝水無組織排放污染建筑物外墻，已是影響生活區(qū)美觀的一個重要問題。 Mediumtohigh grade modity apartment available aluminium Mould and pound and in charge of or other plastics supply water the tubular product as the feed pipe. House mix hot water temperature that water order exceed 600 C, so abovementioned tubular product in charge of except hard polyvinyl chloride and aluminium plastics pound and in charge of( PEALPE), Mostly the tubular product can be regarded as the hot water pipeline of the house. ( 2) pipeline lay problem 1. give and drain off water it set up there arent one that in charge of 1)Will install it in the corner place of the kitchen, bathroom tomorrow. Adopting this kind of way of laying more in the design of house in the past, it is convenient for it to construct, But will reveal the pipeline and hinder the room beautifully tomorrow Watch, the households will mostly be hidden with the light quality material in the equipment two times. 2)Will install it in the overcast angle place of the outer wall of the building tomorrow. Way this suitable for southern weather warm district only, the minimum temperature in winter cant be lower than zero degrees Centigrade, In case water pipe waterlogging freeze ice is bloated to split pipeline, influence household use. Pipeline lay in outer wall, influence building to be beautiful, too inconvenient on manage and maintain in the future. 3)Lay it in the pipeline well. This way makes the room clean and beautiful , but the pipeline well has taken up the area of the bathroom, And pipeline construct, maintain relatively more difficult. Bathroom set up concentrate pipeline well, concentrate pipeline on assign in the well feed pipe, drain pipe, This is that the civilized importance lives in the kitchen of fortable house, bathroom Embodiment. I think : Should consider the establishment of the pipeline well of the bathroom in the mediumtohigh grade building conceptual design of modity apartment, Improve quality of using of bathroom promptly so , can solve hard polyvinyl chloride drain pipe rivers noise heavy problem, Improve the environmental quality level of the room。 Person who give when supplying water, can set up water gauge in roof( meter box) under upgoing. This way increases and supplies water to prop up In charge of and lay length, pipeline lay and influence building to be beautiful along outer wall. Water gauge produce way choice that family assign, must bine house kitchen, bathroom plane assign characteristic and concrete request of developer, Carry on to several feasibility scheme the above economic technology fix after paring. Property wellmanaged mediumtohigh grade modity apartment of housing district, can adopt and pass the water gauge far , It is that the water gauge will use the developing direction in the future。 Set up pipeline house of well , can set up one UPVC drain pipe of de110 as solar water heater hot water sleeve pipe of pipeline close to corner of person who take a shower in bathroom, Set up a de110 *75 three direct links in each hygiene interval ground, as connecting the entry of cold and hot water pipe