【正文】
ize socalled the front desk processes , the backstage supporter is an editor . In order to meet the needs of integrating the systematic one in flexible manufacturing system and puter, numerical control system have remote serial interface , can work , realize data munication , numerical control of lathe, can control many numerical control lathes directly too. ( 3) . Intelligent modern numerical control lathe introduce the adaptive control technology, according to cutting the change of the condition, automatic working parameter, make the processing course can keep the best working state , thus get the higher machining accuracy and roughness of smaller surface , can improve the service life of the cutter and production efficiency of the equipment at the same time . Diagnose by oneself , repair the function by oneself, among the whole working state, the system is diagnosed, checked by oneself to CNC system and various kinds of equipment linking to each other with it at any time. While breaking down , adopt the measure of shutting down etc. immediately , carry on the fault alarm, brief on position , reason to break down ,etc.. Can also make trouble module person who take off automatically , put through reserve module , so as to ensure nobody demand of working environment. For realize high trouble diagnose that requires , its development trend adopts the artificial intelligence expert to diagnose the system. ( 4) . Numerical control programming automation with the development of application technology of the puter, CAD/CAM figure interactive automatic programming has already get more application at present, it is a new trend of the technical development of numerical control. It utilize part that CAD draw process pattern , is it calculate the trailing punishing to go on by cutter orbit data of puter and then, thus produce NC part and process the procedure automatically, in order to realize the integration of CAD and CAM. With the development of CIMS technology , the fullautomatic programming way in which CAD/CAPP/CAM integrates has appeared again at present, it, and CAD/CAM systematic programming great 12 difference their programming necessary processing technology parameter needn39。 Single axle , dual axle , three axle can change machining center , main shaft of case。 6 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)外文翻譯原文 2 NC Technology Research current situation of NC lathe in our times Research and development process to such various kinds of new technologies as numerical control lathe , machining center , FMS , CIMS ,etc. of countries all over the world, linked to with the international economic situation closely. The machine tool industry has international economy to mutually promote and develop, enter 21 alert eras of World Affairs, the function that people39。 ( 6) .控制系統(tǒng)小型化數(shù)控系統(tǒng)小型化便于將機(jī)、電裝置結(jié)合為一體。數(shù)控系統(tǒng)將采用更高集成度的電路芯片,利用大規(guī)模或超大規(guī)模的專用及混合式集成電路,以減少元器件的數(shù)量,來提高可靠性。 ( 4) .數(shù)控編程自動(dòng)化隨著計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用技術(shù)的發(fā)展,目前 CAD/ CAM 圖形交互式自動(dòng)編程已得到較多的應(yīng)用,是數(shù)控技術(shù)發(fā)展的新趨勢(shì)。具有自診斷、自修復(fù)功能,在整個(gè)工作狀態(tài)中,系統(tǒng)隨時(shí)對(duì) CNC 系統(tǒng)本身以及與其相連的各種設(shè)備進(jìn)行自診斷、檢查。 ( 2) .多功能化配有自動(dòng)換刀機(jī)構(gòu) (刀庫容量可達(dá) 100 把以上 )的各類加工中4 心,能在同一臺(tái)機(jī)床上同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)銑削、鏜削、鉆削、車削、鉸孔、擴(kuò)孔、攻螺紋等多種工序加工,現(xiàn)代數(shù)控機(jī)床還采用了多主軸、多面體切削,即同時(shí)對(duì)一個(gè)零件的不同部位進(jìn)行不同方式的切削加工。并采用直線電動(dòng)機(jī)直接驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)床工作臺(tái)的直線伺服進(jìn)給方式,其高速度和動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)特性相當(dāng)優(yōu)越。當(dāng)今數(shù)控機(jī)床正在朝著以下幾個(gè)方向發(fā)展。其加工工藝以樘銑為主,用于箱體,殼體以及各種復(fù)雜零件特殊曲線和曲面輪廓的多工序加工,適合多品種小批量生產(chǎn)。立式加工中心結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,占地面積小,價(jià)格低,配備各種附件后,可進(jìn)行大部分工件的加工。 臥式加工中心,是指主軸軸線水平設(shè)置的加工中心。 B、數(shù)控系統(tǒng)開放化研究 主要表現(xiàn)在:數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)在統(tǒng)一的運(yùn)行平臺(tái)上,面向機(jī)床廠家和最終擁護(hù),通過改變、增加或剪裁結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)象(數(shù)控對(duì)象),形成系列化,并可方便地將用戶的特殊應(yīng)用和技術(shù)訣竅集成到控制系統(tǒng)中,快速實(shí)現(xiàn)不同品種、不同檔次的開放式數(shù)控系統(tǒng),形成具有鮮明個(gè)性的名牌產(chǎn)品。 ( 2)、提高機(jī)床加工的精度和研究 為了提高加工中心的加工精度,不斷提高機(jī)床的剛度、減少振動(dòng),消除熱變形,降低噪聲,提高 NC 機(jī)床的定位精度、重復(fù)精度、工作可靠性、穩(wěn)定性、精度保持性,世界很多國(guó)家都在進(jìn)行機(jī)床熱 誤差、機(jī)床運(yùn)動(dòng)及負(fù)載變形誤差的軟件補(bǔ)償技術(shù)研究,并采取精度補(bǔ)償、軟件補(bǔ)償?shù)却胧┘右愿纳?,有的已?jīng)可以使此類誤差消除 60%。 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 外文參考文獻(xiàn)譯文及原文 學(xué) 院 機(jī)電工程學(xué)院 專 業(yè) 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化 (機(jī)械電子工程方向 ) 年級(jí)班別 學(xué) 號(hào) 學(xué)生姓名 指導(dǎo)教師 2021 年 5 月 目錄 1 數(shù)控 技術(shù) .................................................................................................................. 1 當(dāng)前世界 NC 機(jī)床的研究現(xiàn)狀 ................................. 1 加工中心的分類 ............................................ 2 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)外文翻譯原文 ........................................ 6 2 NC Technology.................................................... 6 Research current situation of NC lathe in our times ........ 6 Classification of the machining center..................... 8 Development trend of the current numerical control lathe.. 10 3 如何延長(zhǎng)軸承壽命 ................................................................................................ 14 摘要 ...................................................... 14 軸承失效的原因 ............................................ 14 避免失效的方法 ............................................ 15 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)外文翻譯原文 ....................................... 18 4 EXTENDING BEARING LIFE.......................................... 18 Abstract: ................................................ 18 Why bearings fail......................................... 18 Avoiding failures......................................... 20 1 1 數(shù)控技術(shù) 當(dāng)前世界 NC 機(jī)床的研究現(xiàn)狀 世界各國(guó)對(duì)數(shù)控機(jī)床、加工中心以至 FMS、 CIMS 等各種新技術(shù)的研究與發(fā)展進(jìn)程,是與世界經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)緊密相連的。以加工工藝的改進(jìn)創(chuàng)新為基礎(chǔ),為加工超硬、難切削材料及特殊復(fù)合材料及復(fù)雜零件、不規(guī)則曲面等在不斷研究開發(fā)新機(jī)種。 ( 4)、許多國(guó)家都已經(jīng)開始對(duì)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的智能化、開放化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化研究 A、數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的智能化的研究 主要表現(xiàn)在:為追求加工效率和加工質(zhì)量的智能化,對(duì)加工過程的自適應(yīng)控制,工藝參數(shù)自動(dòng)生成進(jìn)行研究;為提高驅(qū)動(dòng)性能及使用連接方便的 智能化,對(duì)2 反饋控制、電機(jī)參數(shù)的自適應(yīng)運(yùn)算、自動(dòng)識(shí)別負(fù)載自動(dòng)選定模型、自整定等進(jìn)行研究;還有智能化的自動(dòng)編程、智能化的人機(jī)界面、智能診斷、智能監(jiān)控等方面的研究。 加工中心的分類 ( 1)按主軸加工時(shí)的空間位置分類有:臥式和立式加工中心。 立式加工中心,立式加工中心主軸的軸線為垂直設(shè)置,其結(jié)構(gòu)多為固定立柱式,工作臺(tái)為十字滑臺(tái),適合加工盤類零件,一般具有 3 個(gè)直線運(yùn)動(dòng)坐標(biāo)軸,并可在工作臺(tái)上安置一個(gè)水平軸的數(shù)控轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)(第 4 軸)來加工螺旋類零件。 ( 2)按工藝用途分類有: 鏜銑加工中心,分為立式樘銑加工中心、臥式樘銑加工中心和龍門樘銑加工中心。 當(dāng)今數(shù)控機(jī)床的發(fā)展趨勢(shì): 目前,世界先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)不斷興起,超高速切削、超精密加工等技術(shù)的應(yīng)用,柔性制造系統(tǒng)的迅速發(fā)展和計(jì)算機(jī)集成系統(tǒng)的不斷成熟,