【正文】 e bee highly skilled atmaking a living in these new urban environments. In this Japanese city, they have devised a way of eating a food that normally they canamp。把堅果丟到車道上。s significant about this isnamp。s old hat for crows. This happened about 10 years ago in a placecalled Sendai City, at a driving school in the suburbs of Tokyo. And since that time, all the crows in the neighborhood are picking up this behavior. Now everycrow within five kilometers is standing by a sidewalk, waiting to collect its lunch.
　　JoshuaKlein: 看看，這是不是挺有趣的?不過，有趣的倒不是借助過往車輛壓開果核的做法，事實上，烏鴉老早就學會了這門手藝了。
　　So theyamp。ll tell you about a case of crow infidelity that illustrates that nicely. The point being, theyamp。s the Pandoraamp。s getting human beings in trouble, and weamp。re able to very quickly and very flexibly adapt to new challenges and new resources in their environment, which is really useful if you live in a city.
　　烏鴉通過互相學習，都掌握了這種技巧。最關鍵的是它們學會了適應不同的生態(tài)文化。39。39。當我知道這一切以后，我決定要專門為它們做一臺自動售貨機。
　　Basically, what happens is that we put this out in a field or someplace where thereamp。re a crow you can e back anytime and get yourself a peanut.
　　首先，我們把這樣的機器放到田野 或者烏鴉經(jīng)常出沒的地方。 每一天，那機器上都會放滿了硬幣和花生。they keep ing back and digging out peanuts from the pile of coins thatamp。這時，我們決定給它們制造一些困難。只把一枚硬幣留在機器上，此時烏鴉飛過來，看到?jīng)]有食物，自然覺得很泄氣。于是它們也學會了，每次都來這里， 只要把機器上的硬幣丟到硬幣口，就能吃得到花生。注意，就是這個關鍵的地方可以看出烏鴉是多么聰明。通過前面三個階段，并且這樣的玩笑越開越大。39。它們又是用頭撞，又是用嘴咬。于是它們飛過來，銜起硬幣，扔進投幣孔。
　　So, whatamp。t that we can train crows to pick up peanuts. Mind you, thereamp。 worth of change lost every year, but Iamp。
　　Instead, I think we should look a little bit larger. I think crows can be trained to do other things. For example, why not train them to pick up garbage after stadium events? Or find expensive ponents from discarded electronics? Or maybe do search and rescue? The main point of all this for me is, we can find mutually beneficial systems for these species. We can find ways to interact with these other species that doesnamp。s a useful balance.
　　嘿，當然，我不是想靠烏鴉來賺錢。 (掌聲)
。比如，為何不可以通過訓練，讓烏鴉給體育館撿垃圾?或者讓它們幫助我們從大堆的廢棄電子元件里頭挑出有用的部件?又或者讓它們參與搜救工作?我這個演講的主要的一個觀點是我們可以尋找到一種與此類動物共存的途徑，我們能找到與其他族群共處的方式而不僅僅是滅絕它們，我們可以和它們實現(xiàn)共贏。t involve exterminating them, but involves finding an equilibrium with them thatamp。m not sure I can depend on that ROI from crows.
　　從這個故事我們得出結論：我們可以訓練烏鴉，讓它們通過售貨機吃上花生。s 216 milliondollarsamp。s significant about this to me isnamp?！?。嘿，大家還記得地面上放的那一大堆硬幣么。39。quot。如此反復五六次，它們也就覺得沒意思了。39。所以它們出于尋找食物的本能。39。sthere. When they get really happy about this, we stymie them.
　　嘿，要是當那樣的一只烏鴉也不錯喲， 每天都不愁吃的。39。 烏鴉來了，吃掉機器上的花生， 并且也習慣了機器的存在。s lots of crows. We put coins and peanuts all around the base ofthe machine. Crows eventually e by, eat the peanuts, and get used to the machine being there. Eventually, they eat all the peanuts. Then they see peanuts here on the feeder tray, and hop up and help themselves. Then they leave, the machine spits up mor