【正文】 onvey the information accurately， whether it would interfere with munication with foreign people and whether it would impair the image of a city and even a country． However, the importance of translation has not been full recognized, especially in small cities. After searching the 黃岡師范學院本科畢業(yè)論文 2 Inter, the author found that there is no thesis which studies the situation of public signs translation in Huangzhou systematically. Therefore, taking bilingual public signs in Huangzhou for example， based on the analysis of those problems and Eugene A. Nida‘s Functional Equivalence, this thesis will discuss the principles and strategies of translation of public signs so that it will help Huangzhou and other cities in China to improve the quality of English public signs. Significance of the Thesis As an education center in China, Huangzhou is developing at a fast speed and attracts more and more foreign friends to study, work and live here. The accurate translation of public signs plays an essential part in guiding the foreign friends. However, the problems existing in the translation often misguide them. Thus it is necessary to improve the quality of translation of public signs. And this thesis aims to analyze the mistakes existing in the translation of public signs in Huangzhou so that it will help to improve the quality of the translation of public signs, which, of course, will better guide the foreigners living in Huangzhou. Through the analysis of the mistakes and errors, this thesis will also introduce the Functional Equivalence Theory and provide some strategies for the translation of public signs in Huangzhou, even in China. Layout This thesis consists of five parts. The first part, which includes the brief narration of the current research situation of this subject, is a general introduction to this thesis. The second part is the knowledge that is related to the public signs. The third part is the existing problems of translation of public signs in Huangzhou. The forth part, which is the main part of this thesis is the analysis of the problems, the strategies of their translation, correction of current problems and it also explores the right deeds of translators and governments. The last part gives a conclusion to this thesis. II. Definition and Classifications of Functions of Public Signs Pubic signs have several definitions. It is defined in Wester‘s New Collegiate Dictionary (1977) as ―a posted mand, warning or direction‖. According to Macquarie Dictionary 黃岡師范學院本科畢業(yè)論文 3 (1987), a public sign is ―an inscribed board, space, etc., serving for information, advertisement, warning, etc. on a building, along a street, or the lake.‖ The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English(1997) defines a public sign as ―a piece of paper, metal, etc, in a public place, with words, pictures or drawings on it that give people information, warn them not to do something, etc.‖. Or according to Oxford Advanced Learners‘ Dictionary (20xx), it is defined as ―a piece of paper, wood or metal that has writing or a picture on it that gives you information, instructions, warnings, etc.‖ All in all, public sign is the general term for signs of indications， reminders， instructions and warnings in public. It is a practical type of writing， aiming at conveying useful and necessary information to public thus to fulfill its relative functions． Public signs are set up according to their special functions in different places for different audience． Apart from those ―public information signs‖, ―public safety signs‖， ―public transport signs‖ and so on， there are also a lot of functional public signs for special usage， for example， management， munication， service， operation and so on． Drawing interests This kind of public signs aims at stimulating the consumer39。 本文以奈達的功能對等理論為理論基礎(chǔ)，分析了目前黃州公示語翻譯的一些問題，并提出相應(yīng)的翻譯準則。 正確的公示語翻譯能恰當?shù)乇磉_公示語的意義，甚至把公示語由靜態(tài)變?yōu)閯討B(tài)，從而使大眾能更好地理解和遵循公示語的要求。 Functional Equivalence Theory。 2. 進行資料收集、實驗、調(diào)研及結(jié)果的處理與分析，完成畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計） 作初稿， 20xx 年 3 月 15 日前完成。最后，對譯者和政府提出了相應(yīng)的要求，譯者需要提高語言理解能力、深 入理解中英文化內(nèi)涵差異，而政府需要設(shè)立相關(guān)部門來監(jiān)管相關(guān)公示語的翻譯。標示語分為信息標示語、安全標示語、交通標示語等，而標示語的功能則可分為引發(fā)興趣、給與信息、加深印象、廣而告之以及社會服務(wù)。但 由于缺乏指導公示語翻譯的理論和原則，公示語的翻譯現(xiàn)狀令人堪憂。 為了更加真實、準確而有效地對本課題進行深入研究，需參考如下主要文獻： 4 參考文獻： [1]Ham, Sam H. Environmental Interpretation: A Practical Guide for People with Big Ideas and Small [M]. Colorado: Fulcrum Publishing, 1992. [2]Newmark, Peter. Approaches to Translation[M]. New York: Pergamum Press, 1998. [3]Nida， Eugene A． Toward a Science of Translating[M]. Leiden: Brill, 1964. [4]Nida， Eugene A． The Theory and Practice of Translation[M]. Leiden: Brill,1969. [5]Vermeer. H. “Skopos and Commission in Translational Activity.” Translation Studies Reader[M]. London: Routledge, 1989. [6]包惠南 . 文化語境與語言翻譯 [M]. 北京 :中國對 外翻譯出版公司 , 20xx. [7]包惠南 ,包昂 . 中國文化與英漢翻譯 [M]. 北京： 外文出版社 ， 20xx. [8]戴宗顯 ,呂和發(fā) . 公示語漢英翻譯研究 [J]. 中國翻譯 ， 20xx(6). [9]丁大剛 ,蔡龍權(quán) . 旅游英語的語言特點與翻譯 [M]. 上海：上海交通大學出版社 ,20xx. [10]賀學耘 . 中國中小城市公示語翻譯現(xiàn)狀之調(diào)查 ——以衡陽地區(qū)為例 [J]. 財經(jīng)博覽，20xx（ 12） . [11]賀學耘 . 漢英公示語翻譯的現(xiàn)狀及其交際翻譯策略 [J]. 外語與外語教學， 20xx（ 3） . [12]胡文仲．現(xiàn) 代實 用 英語例解 [M]．上海：上海外語教育出版社， 1987. [13]金惠康 . 跨文化交際翻譯 [M]. 北京：中國對外翻譯出版公司 ,20xx. [14]李建軍 . 英漢應(yīng)用文互譯 [M]. 上海：上海交通大學出版社， 20xx. [15]呂和發(fā) ,單麗平 . 漢英公示語詞典 [M]. 北京：商務(wù)印書館， 20xx. [16]謝建平 . 功能語境與專門用途英語語篇翻譯研究 [M]. 杭州： 浙江大學出版社 ,20xx. [17]趙德全 . 純理功能的傳譯 ——功能語言學理論框架下的翻譯研究 [M]. 保定： 河北大學出版社 ,20xx. 5 三、本課題研究的主要內(nèi)容 本文第一部分主要是對研究目的、研究意義以及文章結(jié)構(gòu)作簡要介紹。賀學耘還結(jié)合彼得 賀學耘從三個方面談了公示語的交際翻譯策略 :1)熟知公示語的語言特點力求譯文簡潔明了 。從紐馬克的分析可以看出，當譯者在翻譯標 志或其它感召文本時，應(yīng)采用等效原則和交際翻譯的方法。 公示語翻譯是翻譯研究的新領(lǐng)域。 二、 本課題研究的現(xiàn)狀，并列出主要參考文獻（至少 15 項） 筆者于 20xx 年 11 月 20 日上午 9： 28 在學校電子閱覽室通過中國期刊網(wǎng)、萬方數(shù)據(jù)庫等網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體搜索關(guān)鍵詞“公示語翻譯”，查找出自 1995 年至 20xx 年間中外期刊、書籍中的相關(guān)文章共計 96 篇，隨后篩選出可用于研究和借鑒的共 18 篇。公示語翻譯的質(zhì)量關(guān)系到城市的“臉面”，其翻譯質(zhì)量直接影響到城市的國際形象。公示語的應(yīng)用范圍非常廣泛，它涉及日常生活的方方面面。畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計）沒有剽竊 、 抄襲 、 造假等