【正文】 出數(shù)字信號(hào)，輸出接口接 LED進(jìn)行顯示 ,實(shí)現(xiàn)液位報(bào)警和鍵盤顯示與控制；其壓力控制是通過(guò)壓電傳感器將接受的信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)變成電信號(hào)，通過(guò)模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換ADC0809進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換后與 8051單片機(jī)接口相連，使其與設(shè)定值相比較從而實(shí)現(xiàn)壓力報(bào)警和控制 ； 其溫度檢測(cè)選用 的是光電隔離器 ， 實(shí)行光電隔離 ， 有利于人員對(duì)溫度的檢測(cè) ,再通過(guò)模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器 ADC0809進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換后與 8051單片機(jī)接口相連 ， 使其與設(shè)定值相比較從而實(shí)現(xiàn)溫度報(bào)警 。 設(shè)計(jì)的研究進(jìn)程 本設(shè)計(jì)第二章對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行硬件分析 ,主要介紹了本設(shè)計(jì)所使用的核心芯片 8051,重要對(duì)其端口進(jìn)行介紹 ,介紹其功能與用途 ,還介紹了液位傳感器、數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換 ADC080執(zhí)行設(shè)備、 LED顯示和報(bào)警裝置 ,介紹了他們的原理、結(jié)構(gòu)和電路連接。采用壓力傳感器只要是為了防止鍋爐壓力過(guò)大對(duì)鍋爐造成損害甚至爆炸，而壓力過(guò)低則會(huì)導(dǎo)致鍋爐無(wú)法正常穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。使用模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換把信號(hào)傳送到單片機(jī)中。在測(cè)量液位的同時(shí)需要對(duì)鍋爐壓力和溫度進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。通過(guò)微機(jī)控制來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)給水系統(tǒng)的自動(dòng)控制與調(diào)節(jié)來(lái)保證系統(tǒng) 穩(wěn)定高效安全的運(yùn)行。實(shí)現(xiàn)鍋爐測(cè)量水位使用高亮二極管和光敏三極管來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。在我國(guó)的新型測(cè)控裝備與系統(tǒng)研究與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家還存在著差距但是我國(guó)科研人員能夠克服困難不斷鉆研爭(zhēng)取，在摸索中前進(jìn)，有望在相關(guān)領(lǐng)域能夠趕上并超過(guò)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的技術(shù)水平。提高鍋爐工作效率，保證生產(chǎn)安全。本設(shè)計(jì)用單片機(jī)控制易于實(shí)現(xiàn)鍋爐液位、溫度和壓力的控制 ,而且有造價(jià)低、程序易于調(diào)試、一部分出現(xiàn)故障不會(huì)影響其他部分的工作、維修方便、等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 本 設(shè)計(jì) 是基于單片機(jī)的水暖鍋爐控制，在設(shè)計(jì)中主要有水位檢測(cè)、溫度檢測(cè)、壓力檢測(cè)、按鍵控制、水位控制、顯示部分、故障報(bào)警等幾部分組成來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)供暖控制。主要用水位傳感器檢測(cè)水位，用光纖溫度傳感器來(lái)檢測(cè)水溫，用六個(gè)控制按鍵來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)按健控制，用三位 7 段 LED 顯示器來(lái)完成顯示部 分，用變頻器來(lái)控制循環(huán)泵的轉(zhuǎn)速，用壓力傳感器檢測(cè)鍋爐內(nèi)部壓力。 關(guān)鍵詞 鍋爐 ， 8051 單片機(jī) ， 模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換 ， 水位控制 ， 自動(dòng)控制 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT This design task requirement level controller design of a boiler, which in 8051 as controller, through 8051 MCU, pressure sensor and the hardware system and software design methods, such as implementation of adc has a dual function, liquid level detection alarm and control also has the function of pressure alarm and display control, and to show the liquid level and pressure value. The water heating boiler design is based on single chip microputer, are mainly in the design water level detection, temperature detection, pressure testing, button control, water level control and display part, fault alarm and so on several parts to achieve heating control. Mainly use groundwater level sensors, optical fiber temperature sensor is used to detect temperature, press with six control keys to achieve the healthy controls, with three 7 segment LED display to plete display part, use frequency converter to control the turning speed of the circulation pump, the pressure sensor is used to inspect pressure within the boiler. And by the modulus conversion signal is sent to MCU. The signal is pared with the internal setting values in the MCU, MCU on judgment whether to need to carry on the corresponding operation, whether it need to open the pump, to achieve control of the liquid surface, so as to realize the single chip microputer automatic control level. This design with the single chip microputer control is easy to realize the boiler liquid level, temperature and pressure control, and has low cost, part program is easy to debug, failure will not affect other parts of the work, convenient maintenance, etc. Keyword boiler， 8051 single chip microputer, modulus conversion, water level control, automatic control 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 目錄 1 目 錄 摘 要 ........................................................................................................................................... 1 ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................................II 1 緒論 ........................................................................................................................................... 3 課題背景 ............................................................................................................................. 3 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究的現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................................... 3 使用單片機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)鍋爐液位控制的優(yōu)點(diǎn) ................................................................................... 3 研究方案及預(yù)期結(jié)果 ............................................................................................................ 4 系統(tǒng)硬件總體方案 ..................................................................................................... 4 系統(tǒng)軟件總體方案 ..................................................................................................... 4 設(shè)計(jì)的研究進(jìn)程 ......................................................................................................... 4 2 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................................... 5 核心芯片 8051 單片機(jī) .......................................................................................................... 5 液位傳感器設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................... 8 ADC0809A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換 器 .............................................................................................................. 9 D／ A 轉(zhuǎn)換基本原理 .................................................................................................... 9 ADC0809 轉(zhuǎn)換芯片 ..................................................................................................... 11 鍵盤及顯示接口 ..................................................................................................................12 自動(dòng)報(bào)警電路 .....................................................................................................................13 3 傳感器的選擇設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................................15 液位傳感器的設(shè)計(jì) ..............................................................................................................15 光電式傳感器 ............................................................................................................15 光電式傳感器 的基本特性 ..........................................................................................17 溫度傳感器的設(shè)計(jì) ...............................................................................................................19 壓電式傳感器的設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................