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基于單片機(jī)的開關(guān)電源外文翻譯-wenkub

2022-12-15 12:13:25 本頁面
 

【正文】 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (論文 ) 外文參考文獻(xiàn)譯文及原文 學(xué) 院 信息工程學(xué)院 專 業(yè) 信息工程 年級班別 學(xué) 號 學(xué)生姓名 指導(dǎo)教師 2021 年 月 目 錄 譯文 ......................................................................................................................... 1 基于單片機(jī)的開關(guān)電源 ......................................................................................... 1 用途 ...................................................... 1 簡介 ...................................................... 1 分類 ...................................................... 2 開關(guān)電源的分類 ............................................ 3 技術(shù)發(fā)展動向 .............................................. 4 原理簡介 .................................................. 6 電路原理 .................................................. 7 DC/DC 變換 ................................................ 8 AC/DC 變換 ................................................ 8 原文 ....................................................................................................................... 10 The design Based onsingle chip switching power supply..................... 10 uses ........................................................ 10 Introduction ................................................ 10 classification .............................................. 11 the switching power supply. ................................. 13 technology developments ..................................... 14 the principle of Introduction ............................... 17 the circuit schematic ....................................... 18 the DC / DC conversion ...................................... 19 9, AC / DC conversion .......................................... 20 1 譯文 基于單片機(jī)的開關(guān)電源 用途 開關(guān)電源產(chǎn)品廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)自動化控制、軍工設(shè)備、科研 設(shè)備、 LED照明、工控設(shè)備、通訊設(shè)備、電力設(shè)備、儀器儀表、醫(yī)療設(shè)備、半導(dǎo)體制冷制熱、空氣凈化器,電子冰箱,液晶顯示器, LED 燈具,通訊設(shè)備,視聽產(chǎn)品,安防,電腦機(jī)箱,數(shù)碼產(chǎn)品和儀器類等領(lǐng)域。線性電源成本在某一輸出功率點(diǎn)上,反而高于開關(guān)電源。 2 分類 現(xiàn)代開關(guān)電源有兩種:一種是直流開關(guān)電源;另一種是交流開關(guān)電源。也就是說,直流開關(guān)電源的分類與 DC/DC 轉(zhuǎn)換器的分類是基本相同的, DC/DC 轉(zhuǎn)換器的分類基本上就是直 流開關(guān)電源的分類。雙管 DC/DC 轉(zhuǎn)換器 有雙管正激式( Double Transistor Forward Converter),雙管反激式( Double Transistor Feedback Converter)、推挽式( PushPull Converter) 和半橋式( HalfBridge Converter)四種。在這六種 單管 DC/DC 轉(zhuǎn)換器中, Buck 和 Boost 式 DC/DC 轉(zhuǎn)換器是基本的, BuckBoost、 Cuk、 Zeta、 SEPIC式 DC/DC 轉(zhuǎn)換器是從中派生出來的。 在功率開關(guān)管的電壓和電流定額相同時(shí),轉(zhuǎn)換器的輸出功率通常與所用開關(guān)管的數(shù)量成正比。具有雙向傳輸功能的 DC/DC 轉(zhuǎn)換器,既可以從電源側(cè)向負(fù)載側(cè)傳輸功率,也可以從負(fù)載側(cè)向電源側(cè)傳輸功率。 開關(guān)電源的分類 人們在開關(guān)電源技術(shù)領(lǐng)域是邊開發(fā)相關(guān)電力電子器件,邊開發(fā)開關(guān)變頻技術(shù),兩者相互促進(jìn)推動著開關(guān)電源每年以超 過兩位數(shù)字的增長率向著輕、小、薄、低噪聲、高可靠、抗干擾的方向發(fā)展。 4 它激式:則完全依賴 于外部維持振蕩,在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中它激式應(yīng)用比較廣泛。負(fù)載繞組在提供電能的同時(shí),也肩負(fù)起穩(wěn)定電壓的能力,其原理是在電壓輸出電路接一個(gè)電壓取樣裝置,監(jiān)測輸出電壓的變化情況,及時(shí)反饋給振蕩電路調(diào)整振蕩頻率,從而達(dá)到穩(wěn)定電壓的目的,為了避免電路的干擾,反饋回振蕩電路的電壓會用光電耦合器隔離。 開關(guān)電源中應(yīng)用的電力電子器件主要為二極管、 IGBT 和 MOSFET。 SMT 技術(shù)的應(yīng)用使得開關(guān)電源取得了長足的進(jìn)展,在電路板兩面布置元器件,以確保開關(guān)電源的輕、小、薄。針對開關(guān)電源運(yùn)行噪聲大這一缺點(diǎn),若單獨(dú)追求高頻化其噪聲也必將隨著增大,而采用部分諧振轉(zhuǎn)換電路技術(shù),在理論上即可實(shí)現(xiàn)高頻化又可降低噪聲,但部分諧振轉(zhuǎn)換技術(shù)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用仍存在 著技術(shù)問題,故仍需在這一領(lǐng)域開展大量的工作,以使得該項(xiàng)技術(shù)得以實(shí)用化。到了 1969 年由于大功率硅晶體管的耐壓提高,二極管反向恢復(fù)時(shí)間的縮短等元器件改善,終于做成了 25 千赫的開關(guān)電源。然而,開關(guān)速度提高后,會受電路中分布電感和電容或二極管中存儲電荷的影響而產(chǎn)生浪涌或噪聲。這種開關(guān)方式稱為諧振式開關(guān)。 與線性電源相比, PWM 開關(guān)電源更為有效的工作過程是通過“斬波”,即把輸入的直流電壓斬成幅值等于輸入電壓幅值的脈沖電壓來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。最后這些交流波形經(jīng)過整流濾波后就得到直流輸出電壓。 開關(guān)電源有兩種主要的工作方式:正激式變換和升壓式變換。待到下一個(gè)脈沖的周期正半周信號到來時(shí),重復(fù)上一個(gè)過程。 DC/DC 變換 DC/DC 變換是將固定的直 流電壓變換成可變的直流電壓,也稱為直流斬波。 Buck- Boost 電路 —— 降壓或升壓斬波器,其輸出平均電壓 U0 大于或小于輸入電壓 Ui,極性相反,電感傳輸。日本 Nemic Lambda 公司最新推出的一種采用軟開關(guān)技術(shù)的高頻開關(guān)電源模塊 RM系列,其開關(guān)頻率為( 200~ 300)kHz,功率密度已達(dá)到 27W/cm3,采用同步整流器( MOSFET 代替肖特基二極管),使整個(gè)電路效率提高到 90%。按電源相數(shù)可分為,單相、三相、多相。 10 原文 The design Based onsingle chip switching power supply uses The switching power supply products are widely used in industrial automation and control, military equipment, scientific equipment, LED lighting, industrial equipment,munications equipment,electrical equipment,instrumentation, medical equipment, semiconductor cooling and heating, air purifiers, electronic refrigerator, LCD monitor, LED lighting, munications equipment, audiovisual products, security, puter chassis, digital products and equipment and other fields. Introduction With the rapid development of power electronics technology, power electronics equipment and people39。s output power is usually proportional to the number of switch. The more the number of switch, the greater the output power of the DC / DC converter, four type than the two output power is twice as large, singletube output power of only four 1/4. A bination of nonisolated converters and isolated converters can be a single converter does not have their own characteristics. Energy transmission points, oneway transmission and twoway transmission of two DC / DC converter. DC / DC converter with bidirectional transmission function, either side of the transmission power from the power of lateral load power from the loadlateral side of the 13 transmission power. DC / DC converter can be divided into selfexcited and separately controlled. With the positive feedback signal converter to switch to selfsustaining periodic switching converter, called selfexcited converter, such as the the Luo Yeer (Royer,) converter is a typical pushpull selfoscillating converter. Controlled DC / DC converter switching device control signal is generated by specialized external control circuit. the switching power supply. People in the field of switching power supply technology side of the development of power electronic devices, while the development of the switching inverter technology, the two promote each other to promote the switching power supply annual growth rate of more than two digits toward the light, small, thin, lownoise, high reliability, the direction of development of antijamming. Switchi
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