【正文】 技術(shù)日新月異的發(fā)展，單片機(jī)以其集成度高、運(yùn)算速度快、體積小、可靠運(yùn)行、價格低廉等特點(diǎn)在過程控制、機(jī)電一體化、智能化儀表、 家用電器等方面得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。針對市場需求的變化，一些生產(chǎn)廠家如小天鵝、小鴨、海爾等先后向市場推出了一批節(jié)水型全自動的洗衣機(jī)。這就要求設(shè)計者們有更高的專業(yè)和技術(shù)水平設(shè)計出更節(jié)能、功能更齊全、更人性化的洗衣機(jī)。 Control system 。雖然不能與電器市場上的洗衣機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)媲美，但也具有一定的實(shí)用性。 本文以 AT89S51 單片機(jī)為核心設(shè)計了全自動洗衣機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)，本系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了對洗衣機(jī)整個洗衣過程的控制，包括用戶參數(shù)輸入、洗衣、脫水和結(jié)束報警四個階段。武漢大學(xué)珞珈學(xué)院 電氣工程與自動化 1 基于 AT89S51 單片機(jī)的全自動洗衣機(jī)控制系統(tǒng) 設(shè)計 摘 要 隨著數(shù)字技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，數(shù)字技術(shù)被廣泛應(yīng)用于智能控制的領(lǐng)域中?？刂葡到y(tǒng)主要由電源電路、單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)和外部硬件電路三 大模塊組成。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： AT89S51；用戶參數(shù)；繼電器；控制系統(tǒng)； LED 武漢大學(xué)珞珈學(xué)院 電氣工程與自動化 2 Abstract With its rapid development, digital technology is widely used in the field of control system. Single chip microcontroller is favored by many electronic system designers for its smallness, full function, low price and easy application. Its pretty fit for realtime control as a core in industrial controller, intelligent apparatus, intelligent interface, intelligent weapon device, universal measure control unit, etc. This article designs a fullautomatic washing machine control system with AT89S51 as core. This system realizes whole working course of fullautomatic washing machine, including four parts: user parameter input, wash, dehydrate and ending music play. Hardware system is made up of three modules: power supply circuit, digital control circuit and machine control circuit. Power supply circuit provides steady DC 5V voltage for digital control circuit and AC 220V for motor. Digital control circuit takes charge of controlling the working course. It consists of AT89S51, doublefigured moncathoded numeral display, buttons, buzzer, LED. Machine control circuit realizes the functions of water level detect, motor driven, water import and export, it consists of water level detector, motor, transmission system ponents and penstocks. After downloading the program to AT89S51, this circuit can realize basic functions of fullautomatic washing machine. It seems hard for this control system to pare with perfect ones in the electrical appliance market, but it has certain practicability. Keywords: AT89S51 。LED 武漢大學(xué)珞珈學(xué)院 電氣工程與自動化 3 目 錄 摘 要 ............................................................................................................................... 1 Abstract ................................................................................................................................. 2 引 言 ............................................................................................................................... 5 第 1 章 緒 論 ................................................................................................................... 6 課題開發(fā)背景 ........................................................................................................... 6 設(shè)計的目的和意義 ................................................................................................... 6 國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀及水平 ................................................................................................... 6 第 2 章 設(shè)計方案 .............................................................................................................. 9 設(shè)計任務(wù) ................................................................................................................... 9 洗衣機(jī)的設(shè)計方案 ................................................................................................... 9 按鍵 ................................................................................................................. 9 洗衣程序 ......................................................................................................... 9 設(shè)計總方框圖 ................................................................................................10 控制系統(tǒng)的功能 ......................................................................................................10 第 3 章 硬件設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................. 11 控制系統(tǒng)的電路組成 ............................................................................................... 11 電源電路 .................................................................................................................. 11 單片機(jī)控制電路 ......................................................................................................12 AT89S51 單片機(jī)主控系統(tǒng) ............................................................................12 單片機(jī)的復(fù)位電路 ........................................................................................15 單片機(jī)的時鐘電路 ........................................................................................16 顯示電路 ........................................................................................................17 蜂鳴器報警電路 ............................................................................................18 電動機(jī)的控制電路 ........................................................................................19 進(jìn)水 /排水電路 ..............................................................................................20 第 4 章 軟件設(shè)計 .............................................................................................................21 主程序設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................................21 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)洗衣程序設(shè)計 ..................................................................................................22 洗滌程序的設(shè)計 ......................................................................................................22 漂洗程序的設(shè)計 ......................................................................................................23 脫水程序的設(shè)計 ......................................................................................................24 武漢大學(xué)珞珈學(xué)院 電氣工程與自動化 4 第 5章 調(diào) 試 .........................................................................................