【正文】 he geological reserves of developed oil fild,and occupy half of the proven but untapped reserve on urgent needs to carry on effective exploitation to the ultralow permeability reservoir,satisfies the oil demand of the same time, the rising oil price in recent years creates the economic feasibility for ultralow permeability reservoir development. This paper researches ultralow permeability reservoir development technologies both at home and the well spacing and the well pattern density relations, as well as technical well spacing and economical well spacing putational method,thus the analysis method of rational well spacing through the technical well spacing and the economical well spacing putation has through numerical simulation researching for row well pattern,fivespot pattern,reverse ninespot pattern,skewed fourspot injection pattern and reverse sevenspot patten,determining the wellpattern type that suits the ultralow permeability by the watercut and recovery on the research of rational well spacing and wellpattern, elaborating the waterflooding recovery feature,existing problems and influence factors,studing on advanced and cyclic water injection by using numerical simulation method and analysing it’s influencing ,by using numerical simulation method,studying the carbon dioxide flooding and nitrogen flooding,the consideration influencing factor includes gas injection occasion,injection rate,injection mode,gaswater ratio,slug size and so ,through the prehensive parison to the water fooding and gas flooding, summarizing and analyzing the effective development fashion that suits the ultralow permeability reservoir. Keywords: Ultralow permeability； Rational well spacing ； Waterflooding, Gasflooding； Numerical simulation 哈爾濱石油學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 3 目 錄 摘 要 .............................................................................................................................. 1 第 1 章 緒論 .................................................................................................................. 5 研究目的和意義 ............................................................................................. 5 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................. 5 特低滲透油藏合理井距研究現(xiàn)狀 ...................................................... 5 特低滲透油藏有效動(dòng)用方式研究現(xiàn)狀 .............................................. 7 第 2 章 特低滲透油藏井距研究 .................................................................................. 8 井距與井網(wǎng)密度的關(guān)系 ................................................................................. 8 技術(shù)井距 ......................................................................................................... 9 技術(shù)井距的分類 .................................................................................. 9 特低滲透油藏井距研究 ...................................................................... 9 技術(shù)井距的確定 .................................................................................. 9 經(jīng)濟(jì)井距 ....................................................................................................... 12 合理井距的確定 ........................................................................................... 15 第 3 章 特 低滲透油藏注采井網(wǎng)研究 ........................................................................ 17 面積注水井網(wǎng)合理布置的方法和依據(jù) ....................................................... 17 第 4 章 特低滲透油藏注水開發(fā)方式研究 ................................................................ 20 特低滲透油藏注水開采特征 ....................................................................... 20 特低滲透油藏滲流環(huán)境特征 ............................................................ 20 特低滲透油藏注水開采特征 ............................................................ 23 注水開發(fā)存在問題及其影響因素 ............................................................... 25 注水開發(fā)存在的問題 ........................................................................ 25 注水開發(fā)的影響因素 ........................................................................ 26 超前注水開發(fā) ............................................................................................... 27 超前注水開發(fā)原理 ............................................................................ 27 超前注水?dāng)?shù)值模擬研究 .................................................................... 27 周期注水開發(fā) ............................................................................................... 31 周期注水開發(fā)原理 ............................................................................ 31 周期注水?dāng)?shù)值模擬研究 .................................................................... 32 第 5 章 特低滲透油藏開 發(fā)方式選擇 ........................................................................ 34 注水開發(fā)方式分析 ....................................................................................... 34 注氣開發(fā)方式分析 ....................................................................................... 35 氮?dú)怛?qū) ................................................................................................. 35 二氧 化碳?xì)怛?qū) ..................................................................................... 35 哈爾濱石油學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 4 特低滲透油藏開發(fā)方式選擇 ....................................................................... 36 結(jié)論與認(rèn)識(shí) .................................................................................................................. 37 參考文獻(xiàn) ...................................................................................................................... 38 致 謝 .......................................................................................................................... 40 哈爾濱石油學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 5 第 1 章 緒論 研究目的和意義 在特低滲透油藏開發(fā)的過程中，由于其孔喉又細(xì)又小、孔喉較大、小喉道與孔隙體積比例高又是連通的、巖石的表面油膜量較大、原油的邊界層比較厚、毛管