【正文】 d regulating。采用閉環(huán)的 PID 控制響應(yīng)速度快，性能好，工作可靠，適應(yīng)性好。故此提出了基于單片機(jī)的傳動試驗(yàn)臺。本人授權(quán)華東交通大學(xué)理工學(xué)院可以將本設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的全部或部分內(nèi)容編入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行檢索，可以采用影印、縮印或掃描等復(fù)制手段保存和匯編畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）。設(shè)計(jì)（論文）中引用他人的文獻(xiàn)、數(shù)據(jù)、圖件、資料，均已在設(shè)計(jì)（論文）中特別加以標(biāo)注引用，除此之外，本設(shè)計(jì)（論文）不含任何其他個(gè)人或集體已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫的成果作品。對本文的研究作出重要貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人和集體，均已在文中以明確方式表明。 （保密的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）在解密后適用本授權(quán)書） 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）作者簽名： 指導(dǎo)教師簽名： 簽字日期： 年 月 日 簽字日期： 年 月 日 摘要 I 摘 要 電機(jī)是現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)中最重要的拖動設(shè)備之一，因其價(jià)格低廉、經(jīng) 久耐用、維修容易等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。 美國英特爾公司的一款單片機(jī) MCS51 是一個(gè)單片機(jī)系列，該系列現(xiàn)在非常常用，它集成度高，而且內(nèi)部自帶的功能很全，包括微處理器、 RAM、 ROM、通用 I/O 口、定時(shí) /計(jì)數(shù)器、通信接口、 PWM 脈沖調(diào)制、 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換電路等等都集成一個(gè)芯片上 ，這些所有的模塊在程序的編譯下完成很好的調(diào)控。 關(guān)鍵詞：單片機(jī) ；控制系統(tǒng)；傳動試驗(yàn)臺；調(diào)速；直流電機(jī) ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT Motor is one of the most important drive equipment in modern production, due to its advantages of low cost, durable, easy maintenance and has been widely modern industrial production, there are some equipment need according to different work environment, to adjust to a specific speed, such as transmission testbed, elevators, motor speed put forward higher request, hope in the process of running by an electric motor, can realize speed regulation, the size of the power and torque calculation, put forward the transmission test bench based on single chip microputer. Intel, A microcontroller is A single chip microputer MCS 51 series, the series is now in mon use, its high level of integration, and itself the function is plete, including microprocessor, RAM, ROM, general I/O port, timer/counter, munication interface, PWM pulse modulation, A/D conversion circuit, and so on are integrated on A chip, these all modules in the program piled under good control. This topic research the belt transmission testbed singlechip microputer control system, detailed study of the structure of the single chip microputer control dc motor speed control system, and design the corresponding control main board and the interface circuit, 8bit microcontroller is studied using traits and skills, the design of the minimum system board and motor drive circuit, qualitative analyzed the working principle of the this basis, we finished the MCU of dc motor speed regulation control, can very good control of the brushless dc motor are turning, inversion, start, stop, speed, acceleration and so on, but also under some feedback quantity to calculate the power and torque of the motor closed loop PID control response speed, good performance, reliable operation, good adaptability. Keywords: single chip puter。 DC motor 目錄 III 目 錄 摘 要 ..............................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... II 目 錄 ........................................................................................................................................... III 1 緒論 ............................................................................................................................................. 1 帶傳動及單片機(jī)的簡介 .................................................................................................. 1 問題的提出 ...................................................................................................................... 1 國內(nèi)外發(fā)展概況 .............................................................................................................. 2 課題研究的意義 .............................................................................................................. 2 課題主要任務(wù) .................................................................................................................. 3 本章小結(jié) ................................................................................................................................. 3 2 帶傳動試驗(yàn)臺單片機(jī)控制的基本原理 ..................................................................................... 4 帶傳動設(shè)備構(gòu)造及原理 ................................................................................................... 4 直流電機(jī)調(diào)速 .................................................................................................................. 5 單片機(jī)原理 ...................................................................................................................... 6 MCS51 單片機(jī)硬件結(jié)構(gòu) ..................................................................................... 6 MCS51 單片機(jī)引腳功能 ..................................................................................... 7 力矩檢測原理 .................................................................................................................. 8 控制系統(tǒng)總體方案的確定 ............................................................................................ 10 控制方式的選擇 ................................................................................................. 10 系統(tǒng)功能說 明 ..................................................................................................... 10 本章小結(jié) ............................................................................................................................... 10 3 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................................... 11 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng) ............................................................................................................ 11 測速系統(tǒng) ........................................................................................................................ 12 光電編碼器介紹 ................................................................................................. 12 硬件連接 ............................................................................................................. 13 控制面板設(shè)計(jì) .............................................