【正文】
It is not an easy thing to master a language. 學(xué)好一門語(yǔ)言是不容易的 。 1. 作主語(yǔ): ① To do morning exercises is useful for our health. 做早操有利于我們的健康 。 (2)resign from... 辭去在 ?? 的職務(wù) She totally resigned from the government. 她正式辭去政府職務(wù) 。 ③ His father resigned his directorship last year. 他父親去年辭去了董事職務(wù) 。 ③ was abolished 本題題意:新中國(guó)建立之后 , 少數(shù)民族地區(qū)先后實(shí)行了民主改革 , 廢除了舊制度 。 abolish在此是 “ 廢除 ” 之意 。 These superstitious practices should be abolished as soon as possible. 這些迷信做法應(yīng)盡早取消 。1. abolish vt. 廢除;廢止 ① Slavery was abolished in the U. S. in the 19th century. 美國(guó)的奴隸制在 19世紀(jì)就已經(jīng)被廢除了 。 (2)cancel 用法廣泛 , 多指取消債務(wù) 、 合同 、 證書 、 比賽 、 旅行 、 計(jì)劃或約會(huì)等 。 (2)采用 abolish或 cancel的適當(dāng)形式填空: ① If the worst es to the worst, we39。 ④ was cancelled 本題題意:因?yàn)樵L問(wèn)取消了 , 一切準(zhǔn)備工作都白費(fèi)了 。 ④ He resigned himself entirely to her will. 他完全順從了她的意志 。 (3)resign over 因 ?? 而辭職 Three members of the mittee resigned over the issue. 該委員會(huì)三名成員因此事辭職 。 ② To know something about English is one thing。 ② It feels good to be out here for a while. 出來(lái)在這兒待一會(huì)兒是挺舒服的 。 [知識(shí)拓展 ] 1)及物動(dòng)詞 (短語(yǔ) )agree, want, wish, hope, refuse, manage, ask, offer, promise, pretend, decide, learn, determine, expect, beg, choose, force, intend, attempt, care, fail, hesitate, claim, long(v.), strive, plan, prepare, would like(love, prefer)等后面要求接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ) 。 2)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí) , 若其后跟一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) ,則往往用 it作形式賓語(yǔ) , 而將真正的賓語(yǔ)移至句末 , 以使句子重心后移 , 即構(gòu)成句型 “ 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+ it+賓補(bǔ)(形容詞或名詞 )+動(dòng)詞不定式 (短語(yǔ) )+其它成分 ” 。 3)動(dòng)詞不定式一般不用作介詞的賓語(yǔ) , 但是介詞 (短語(yǔ) )but, except, besides, instead of等后面可以接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ) 。 [知識(shí)拓展 ] 若謂語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞 do的各種形式時(shí) , 介詞 but, except, besides等后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí) , 常省略 to。 另外這種結(jié)構(gòu)還可與介詞 of, on等連用一起作定語(yǔ) , 修飾前面的名詞 。 ③ I knew when to leave. 我知道何時(shí)出發(fā) 。 3. 作賓補(bǔ): ① They told him not to be late again. 他們告訴他不要再遲到了 。 ④ I saw him enter the room. 我看見(jiàn)他進(jìn)了房間 。 (2)有些動(dòng)詞如 think, consider, believe, know, find, expect等用 “ to be+形容詞或名詞 ” 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) , to be有時(shí)可省略 。 4. 作表語(yǔ): ① Your job today is to clean the playground. 你今天的工作是打掃操場(chǎng) 。 ① To Dr. Bethune, the most important thing is to save lives. 對(duì)白求恩大夫來(lái)說(shuō) , 最重要的事是挽救生命 。 ① What we need to do is reduce our use of energy and use natural forms of energy. 我們所要做的事是減少能源消耗和利用各種天然能源 。 ③ He has no way to protect crops. 他沒(méi)有保護(hù)莊稼的方法 。 如果不定式的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞 ,則必須帶有適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~ 。 ② I went to see my aunt only to find her out. 我去看姑姑 , 不料她出去了 。 通常放在句末;為了強(qiáng)調(diào)目的或意義 ,也可放在句首 。 ① What has he done to make you so happy? 他做了什么使你如此高興 ? ② His wife was so greedy as to ask for things again and again. 他妻子太貪心 , 一再地索取東西 。 ② There is no doubt that Mrs. Li will be glad to look after the boy. 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn) , 李太太將很高興照料這個(gè)小男孩 。 ③ He was disappointed not to have been invited. 他未被邀請(qǐng) , 感到很失望 。 ② When to start the travel has not bee