【正文】 ........................................... II 1 緒論 .................................................................................................................... 1 示波器發(fā)展簡史與現(xiàn)狀 .......................................................................... 1 示波器原理概述 ..................................................................................... 3 模擬示波器與數(shù)字示波器 ..................................................................... 5 設計任務與目標 ..................................................................................... 9 ....................................................................................... 10 數(shù)字示波器總體結(jié)構(gòu) ............................................................................ 10 數(shù)字示波器采樣速率 ............................................................................ 11 數(shù)字示波器采樣原理 ............................................................................ 12 3 數(shù)字示波器硬件設計 ...................................................................................... 15 信號調(diào)理電路 ........................................................................................ 15 輸入衰減電路 ............................................................................. 15 程控放大電路 ............................................................................. 17 電平移位電路 ............................................................................. 19 硬件觸發(fā)電路 ............................................................................. 20 AD 轉(zhuǎn)換電路 .............................................................................. 21 數(shù)字處理電路 ........................................................................................ 24 CPLD 電路 ................................................................................. 24 MCU 電路 .................................................................................. 25 ....................................................................................... 29 同步觸發(fā) ................................................................................................ 30 串行通信 ................................................................................................ 32 波形顯示 ............................................................................................... 34 峰峰值計算 ............................................................................................ 35 5 數(shù)字示波器的調(diào)試和測試 .............................................................................. 37 硬件安裝調(diào)試和軟件調(diào)試 .................................................................... 37 測試方案 ................................................................................................ 37 性能測試 ................................................................................................ 38 參 考文獻 .............................................................................................................. 39 致謝 ........................................................................................ 錯誤 !未定義書簽。通過等效采樣可以使用較低的采樣頻率獲得較高信號的輸入采集，從而降低了對 A/D 速度的要求，降低了示波器的硬件成本。軟件上根據(jù)不同的輸入信號頻率選擇使用實時采樣和等效采樣采用等效，同時實現(xiàn)了良好的人機交互界面。 摘要： 單片機； CPLD；等效采樣；數(shù)字示波器 II Abstract In this paper, the working principle of the oscilloscope were introduced, the MCU and CPLDbased digital storage oscilloscope of the 20M design. FPGA through the control of highspeed A / D converter ADS831 samples the input signal, the signal input frequency in real time when less than 4MHz sampling, higher than the equivalent time sampling 4MHz. Equivalent Sampling is sampling for a number of signal cycles to rehabilitation is a signal waveform, the sampling system can be a way to extend the plex is much higher than the Nyquist frequency limit of the signal wave frequency. Through the use of low equivalent sampling can obtain a higher sampling frequency of the input signal collection, thereby reducing the speed of the AD to reduce the hardware cost oscilloscopes. In this paper, designed by the oscilloscope for the development and manufacture of oscilloscopes have a certain significance. This paper studied the equivalent in the digital sampling oscilloscope in the development of applications, given the production of Digital Oscilloscope 20M program. Designed hardware oscilloscope analog signal processing circuit, CPLD sampling control circuit and the needs of humanputer interaction by singlechip control circuit. Software, depending on the frequency of the input signal the option of using realtime sampling and equivalent sample equivalent, at the same time to achieve a good human interface. The results show that the use of the equivalent sampling technique that can solve highspeed signal measurement cycle brought about by the issue of the need for highspeed sampling to reduce the conversion rate for the requirements of AD to reduce the hardware cost oscilloscopes. This article is in addition to the use of the general characteristics of the equivalent sampling to collect the signal in addition to the use of the equivalent sampling techniques to collect the signal. AD achieved a low rate of highspeed signal acquisition functions, verify the feasibility of the equivalent sampling. Abstract: Singlechip。作為技術(shù)革命先導的電子技術(shù)已滲透到國民經(jīng)濟各個領域中去。電子測量儀器則是采用電子技術(shù)測量電量或非電量的測量儀器，一個國家的電子測量技術(shù)水平，在一定程度上反映了該國的電子技術(shù)水平。示波器已成為一種直觀、通用、精密的測量工具，廣泛地應用于工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、科研、軍事、教育各個領域中， 進行對電量或許多非電量的測試、分析、監(jiān)視，示波器發(fā)展速度、銷售額都遠遠超過其它電子測量儀器。這種示波器分成陰極射線管和裝有聚焦旋鈕的主機兩部分，售價 265 美元，這在當時是十分昂貴的。此后，杜蒙不斷致力于示波器的改進，為使示波器成為一種重要的測量工具做了大量的工作。 到 1958 年示波器的帶寬達到了 100MHZ 后便停滯不前。同年，取樣示波器的帶寬達到了 18GHz 的高峰。 1971 年，示波器的帶寬提高到 500MHz， 1979 年達到了 1GHz的高峰。 80 年代以來，示波器正朝著數(shù)字化、智能化方向飛速地發(fā)展，示波器面貌日新月異，新產(chǎn)品層出不窮。 1951 年上海成立新建電議工業(yè)社，當時職工僅 6 人，從事示波器和其它電子測量 儀器的開發(fā)和生產(chǎn)。 目前，數(shù)字示波器市場上的主流產(chǎn)品仍然是國外產(chǎn)品。力科公司在示波器方面世界排行第三，它也推出了各種型號的示波器，并具有獨自的特點，能夠自動測試 32 種參數(shù)。 8 蹤顯示能與運算功能、放大縮小、參考存儲器或通道組合，并能在屏幕 3 上顯示或不顯示參數(shù)。 國內(nèi)示波器主要生產(chǎn)廠家有上海無線電二十一廠、西安紅華無線 電廠、遼寧無線電二廠、江蘇綠揚集團、北京