【正文】 對(duì)具體事實(shí)的判斷①A：Look，someone is ing. Who can it be? B: It may be our headmaster. A: It can’t be him. He has gone to Shanghai. B: It must be Mr. Wang. He looks like our headmaster. ②That may not be true. ③He couldn39。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在近五年高考中主要考查四點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)和可能性的用法；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)氣；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)“情感、態(tài)度、語(yǔ)氣等”；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示 “必要性”等方面的用法。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考點(diǎn)主要集中在名詞性從句、條件句中的用法，以及錯(cuò)綜條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的應(yīng)用。t have discovered the truth. ①對(duì)現(xiàn)在的行為或狀態(tài)的推測(cè)：must/may/might/can/could＋do ②對(duì)過(guò)去的行為或狀態(tài)的推測(cè)：must/may/might/can/could have done may/might(might可能性小于may)可能可能性較小，尤其might最不肯定肯定句、否定句(可能不)can/could (could可能性小于can)可能理論上①I(mǎi)t39。一般句末有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，或有語(yǔ)境暗示。C項(xiàng)表示推測(cè)語(yǔ)氣不太肯定。如：Because he practised hard, he was able to pass the driving test. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義 例句 備注 can/could允許(有時(shí)可與may互換) Can/May I have a look at your photos？ can與could、may與might不表時(shí)態(tài)差異，只是語(yǔ)氣上的差別，could/might比can/may更委婉。 , should 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義 例句 備注 must 必須 ①We must help each other to overe the difficulties. ②—Must I finish the work today？—No, you needn39。如：They had to speed up, for the weather turned terrible. ②Must I/we…？的否定回答不能用mustn39。t to)；疑問(wèn)式：Ought …to…？ 竟然 It is strange that he should react in this way. 表示驚訝、意外等語(yǔ)氣。t.①need可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，用于各種句式。t cross the river.②How dare you say that to me？dare和need一樣，既可以作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，也可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。t dare (to) go out alone at night. (在否定句中to有時(shí)可省略) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義 例句 備注 shall 表示征詢意見(jiàn)。t get out, I shall knock you down. (警告)用于第二、第三人稱。would更委婉 表示某種傾向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作 ①Fish will die without water. ②Every time she was in trouble，she would turn to him for help. (would指過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間的情況，常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，意為“總是，總會(huì)”，后面只能接動(dòng)作性的動(dòng)詞。t have a pen, a pencil will do.②We tried the door again，but it wouldn39。t/couldn39。t have wakened me up。1． 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法 　if從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反if＋主語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式主語(yǔ)＋should/would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反If ＋主語(yǔ)＋had＋過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)＋should/would/could/might＋ have＋ 過(guò)去分詞與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反(1) if＋主語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式主語(yǔ)＋should/would/could/ might＋動(dòng)詞原形(2)if＋主語(yǔ)＋were to＋動(dòng)詞原形(3) if＋主語(yǔ)＋should＋動(dòng)詞原形If it were to rain tomorrow, I should not drive my car. 如果明天下雨的話，我就不開(kāi)車了。但在if I were you中，不能說(shuō)成if I was you。t do it much better like this. 如果他不聽(tīng)我的建議，他就不會(huì)干得這么好了。如： But for air and water, there would be no life on the earth. 要是沒(méi)有空氣和水，地球上就沒(méi)有生命。(將來(lái)) I wish that he had not made so much fuss about it. 我希望他不要把事情搞大了。(2) 與上述動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞suggestion, order, demand , proposal 等后的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should可省略)。s required that every student be on time for school. 要求每個(gè)學(xué)生準(zhǔn)時(shí)到校。s a pity，a shame等名詞＋ that 從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以使用should do。4． 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法 在as if/though引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式表示與現(xiàn)在相反的情況；用過(guò)去完成式，表示與過(guò)去相反的情況等。5． 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在其他一些句型中的用法(1) It39。s high time we got up/should get up. 我們?cè)缭撈鸫擦?。如?If only you hadn39。如： May you succeed！祝你成功！ Long live the People39。 it can39。2． 【誤】 I didn39?？芍颂幉⒎菍?duì)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行推測(cè)，而是一種理論上的可能性，因此用can。5． 【誤】 The fire spread through the hotel quickly, but everyone could get out. 【正】 The fire spread through the hotel quickly, but everyone was able to get out. 【解析】 表示在過(guò)去成功地做到了某事，肯定句中通常用was/were able to do sth.。8． 【誤】 Hadn39。1．—Everyone in my class passed the exam. —Oh，really？It ________ difficult. A．can39。對(duì)過(guò)去進(jìn)行推測(cè)，表示“一定不”應(yīng)使用 can39?！?． [20093． —Why didn39。 took B．have taken。s (high) time that…中，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用一般過(guò)去式(即虛擬語(yǔ)氣)，意為“該是做……的時(shí)候了”。在一般疑問(wèn)句或特殊疑問(wèn)句中表推測(cè)時(shí)常用can或could，推測(cè)發(fā)生過(guò)的事情時(shí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后要接完成式，只能選B。9． Look at the floor, Tom！________you watch TV while having a meal? A．Should B．Could C．Would D．Must 【解析】 D　must 表示與說(shuō)話人愿望相反或不耐煩“非得、偏要”。11．When the ship sailed out from Thailand, the 16 sailors on board ______ that only half of them would return again. A．will never think B．can never think C．needn39。12．—What does the sign over there read? —No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette in this area. A．will B．shall C．may D．must 【解析】 B　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法。s hard to believe that such a greedy man________ donate so much to Project Hope. A．may B．need C．can D．shall 【解析】 C　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法。15．We ________ here at lunch time。s much more fortable and safer to travel by train. A．could have taken B．should take C．must have taken D．can take 【解析】 A　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。17．[201018．[2010根據(jù)many years ago可知，是對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推測(cè)。根據(jù)Had I known提示，可知此句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，且與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，故主句謂語(yǔ)用would have done的形式。t C．have to D．don39。句意為：你沒(méi)有必要買(mǎi)禮物，但如果你想買(mǎi)的話，你也可以買(mǎi)。t C．needn39。t。要我一再重復(fù)嗎？must在此用于加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，意為“必須……嗎？非得……嗎？”23．[2010t worry. You ________have it by Friday. A．could B．shall C．must D．may【解析】 B　本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。d rather he ________ more on its culture. A．focus B．focused C．would focus D．had focused 【解析】 B　本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。t B．needn39。26．[2010句意為：教師們建議：為了孩子們的安全，父母不應(yīng)讓12歲以下的孩子騎自行車去學(xué)校。t B．wouldn39。t have done 本沒(méi)有必要做某事，實(shí)際上做了。t B．needn39。由句意“這里是緊急出口”，可知此處不允許停車，所以用mustn39。ve got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. —Ah，good morning. You