【正文】 程的集散監(jiān)控管理。 selftuning內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書（畢業(yè)論文）III目錄摘要 .............................................................................................................................................IAbstract ......................................................................................................................................II第一章 引言 ...............................................................................................................................1 本課題的背景及意義 ......................................................................................................1 論文研究的主要內(nèi)容 .......................................................................................................3 文研究的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn) .......................................................................................................3第二章 虛擬儀器及應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)介 ...................................................................................................4 虛擬儀器的概念 ...............................................................................................................4 虛擬儀器的特點(diǎn) ...............................................................................................................5 虛擬儀器的組成 ...............................................................................................................5 虛擬儀器的開發(fā)平臺(tái)—LabVIEW ..................................................................................6 LabVIEW 的程序構(gòu)成 .....................................................................................................7 虛擬儀器與傳統(tǒng)儀器的比較 ...........................................................................................8 虛擬儀器的應(yīng)用 ...............................................................................................................9第三章 溫度傳感器的分類及溫度信號(hào)的檢測(cè) ...................................................................12 爐溫度特性及其對(duì)象建模 .............................................................................................12 溫度傳感器的選用 ........................................................................................................14 爐熱電偶測(cè)溫 .................................................................................................................17 偶測(cè)溫誤差分析 .............................................................................................................18第四章 PID 控制算法簡(jiǎn)介 .....................................................................................................20 PID 控制和智能控制的介紹 ..........................................................................................20 數(shù)字 PID 控制算式 .........................................................................................................23 數(shù)字 PID 控制算式的改進(jìn) .............................................................................................26 增量式 PID 控制器的程序流程圖 ................................................................................30第五章 電阻爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) .........................................................................32 控制系統(tǒng)的功能及結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................................................................32 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡 .....................................................................................................................33 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)原則 .................................................................................................................35內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書（畢業(yè)論文）IV第六章 電阻爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................36 軟件模塊化設(shè)計(jì)方法概述 .............................................................................................36 電阻爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)軟件總體設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................37 密碼驗(yàn)證模塊 .................................................................................................................37 數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊 .................................................................................................................38 A/D 和 D/A 轉(zhuǎn)換 ......................................................................................................38 數(shù)據(jù)采集 ...................................................................................................................39 信號(hào)處理模塊 .................................................................................................................40 PID 控制器模塊 ...........................................................................................................42第七章 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 .....................................................................................................................44參考文獻(xiàn) ...................................................................................................................................47附錄 A： ...................................................................................................................................49附錄 B： ...................................................................................................................................52致 謝 .......................................................................................................................................53內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書（畢業(yè)論文）1第一章 引言 本課題的背景及意義隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展，對(duì)金屬材料的性能提出了更多更高的要求，因而熱處理技術(shù)也向著優(yōu)質(zhì)、高效、節(jié)能、無(wú)公害方向發(fā)展。it also has the characteristics of it is widely used in industrial process control, in particular to establish a precise mathematical model, and industrial process control is still widely used. However, the industry39。本文把虛擬儀器與智能溫度控制相結(jié)合，用 LabVIEW 開發(fā)了一套自整定的 PID 控制算法的溫度控制系統(tǒng)。目前工業(yè)電阻爐通常采用常規(guī) PID 控制，PID 控制器是最早發(fā)展起來(lái)的控制策略之一，具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、容易實(shí)現(xiàn)、控制效果好、魯棒性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)，被廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)過(guò)程控制，尤其適用于可建立精確數(shù)學(xué)模型的確定性控制系統(tǒng)，在工業(yè)過(guò)程控制中至今仍得到廣泛應(yīng)用。但是工業(yè)電阻爐的溫度控制具有非線性、大慣性、大滯后等特點(diǎn)，難以對(duì)其建立精確的數(shù)學(xué)模型，因而常規(guī) PID控制難以取得良好的控制效果；本文采用增量式 PID 控制算法來(lái)進(jìn)行 PID 參數(shù)的自動(dòng)整定。論文概述了智能溫度控制的發(fā)展與現(xiàn)狀，介紹了虛擬儀器的發(fā)展及其突出特點(diǎn)。s Resistance furnace with temperature control of nonlinear, large inertia, the characteristics of large time delay, it is difficult to establish its precise mathematical model of conventional PID con