【正文】 s of the twentieth century． D It has been used for more than 40 years． 3． “．．． a world that is still full of mysteries” refers to A the earth． B out space． C the ocean． D Mars． 4． In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin similar? A Size． B Speed． C Capacity． D Shape． 5． In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin different? A Offering better views． B Speed． C Size． D Both A and B． 答案與題解： 1． C 短文第一段的第四、第五句提供了答案 2． A 文章第一段從第三句開始說，科學(xué)家正在研制一艘可將研究人員帶到 6 500 米深處的潛水裝置，而它將替代 Alvin，因為 Alvin只能潛到 4 500 米深處。所以 D 是正確選擇。 譯文： 深海探索器 海洋覆蓋了我們地球三分之二的面積，但被開發(fā)的地下水卻只有很小一部分。 Alvin潛水器已經(jīng)運行了 40 年，但它只能深人水下 4 500 米 (14 784英尺 )。在整個航程巾，它載 12 000 人進行過 3 000 多次潛水。我們會看到各種顏色，各種特殊的布置?？蓽Y動。 第十八篇 Thirst for Oil Worldwide every day, we devour the energy equivalent of about 200 million barrels of oil. Most of the energy on Earth es from the Sun. In fact enough energy from the Sun hits the pla’ s surface each minute to cover our needs for an entire year, we just need to find an efficient way to use it. So far the energy in oil has been cheaper and easier to get at. But as supplies dwindle, this will change, 353 mess microscopic M and we will need to cure our addiction to oil. Burning wood satisfied most energy needs until the steamdriven industrial revolution, when energydense coal became the fuel of choice. Coal is still used, mostly in power stations, to cover one quarter of our energy needs, but its use has been declining since we started pumping up oil. Coal is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel, but could make a eback, as supplies are still plentiful: its reserves are five times larger than oil’ s. Today petroleum, a mineral oil obtained from below the surface of the Earth and used to produce petrol, diesel oil and various other chemical substances, provides around 40% of the world’ s energy needs, mostly fuelling automobiles. The US consumes n quarter of all oil, and generates a similar proportion of greenhouse gas emissions. The majority of oil es from the Middle East, which has half of known reserves. But other significant sources include Russia, North America, Norway, Venezuela and the North Sea. Alaska’ s Arctic National Wildlife Refuge1 could be a major new US source, to reduce reliance on foreign imports. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years, though opinions and estimates vary. We could fast reach an energy crisis in the next few decades, when demand exceeds supply. As conventional reserves bee more difficult to access, others such as oil shales and tar sands may be used instead. Petrol could also be obtained from coal. Since we started using fossil fuels, we have released 400 billion tonnes2 of carbon, and burning the entire reserves could eventually raise world temperatures by 130 C. Among other horrors, this would result in the destruction of all rainforests and the melting of all Arctic ice. 注釋 : 1. Alaska39。因此，目前在該區(qū)禁止開354 mess microscopic M 采石油。 練習(xí) : 1. “? we will need to cure our addiction to oil. ” Why does the author say so? A Most of the energy on Earth es from the Sun. B Oil supply is increasing all the time. C Demand for oil is increasing all the time. D Oil supply is decreasing. 2. Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the author, according to the second paragraph? A Wood was the fuel of choice before coal. B The use of coal is declining. C Coal is the most environmentally unfriendly fuel next to oil. D Coal reserves are plentiful and will be likely to bee the major fuel of choice. 3. Which country is the biggest consumer of petroleum? A The United States. B Russia . C Norway. D Venezuela. 4. What do experts say about the earth’ s fuel reserves? A The earth’ s fuel reserves will be accessible for the next 50 years. B There will soon be an energy crisis. C Conventional reserves will soon bee inaccessible. D Fuel demand will decline. 5. What is NOT the result of consuming fossil fuels according to the last paragraph? A Rainforests will be destroyed. B Arctic ice will be melted. C The earth’ s temperature will be raised. D The sea level will go up. 答案與題解 : 1. D 答案在第一段昀后一句中。 next to oil除石油以外。 5. D 選項 A、 B、 C都是昀后一段中所表達的意思。事實上，每分鐘到達地球表層的來自于太陽的能源就足已滿足我們一整年的需求，我們只是需要有效地加以利用而已。現(xiàn)在，煤仍然大量地運用于發(fā)電站，滿足我們四分之一的能源需求。 大部分的石油來自中東，牛東擁有 50％的世界已勘探石油儲存量。未來的幾十年，當(dāng)供不應(yīng)求時我們會很快陷入能源危機。當(dāng)化石燃料全部用完時，世界溫度將上升 13 攝氏度。因此 A、 B 和 D 都不符合句意。 3. C 第五段昀后一句提供了答案。根據(jù)昀后一段的描述，大多數(shù)男士偏向于 general directions ， 而 女 士 則 偏 向 于 pointbypoint directions，即 route style。 但是，就算 Coyne 來不及剎車，那個婦女也不會有事兒。他只是在演示一個計算機操控的駕駛模擬器，幫助 OldDominion 大學(xué)的研究者們檢測車內(nèi)導(dǎo)向系統(tǒng)如何影響開車人。整座城市也是假的?？帐幨幍哪嵌沃蓦H公路結(jié)束了，進入到擁塞的城市。 文章的昀后四段討論駕車指南的兩種類型：第九段使用的兩個表達是： general instructions 和 route directions 即是第八段中的 pointbypoint directions that follow a prescribed route；第十段和第十一段使用的表達是： survey style 和 route style 。第四段告訴我們，他們要研究駕車者在駕駛中的精神負荷，測試駕車者對聲音和圖像的反應(yīng)，包括反映時間和大腦活動。 第二十七篇 Driven to Distraction Joe Coyne slides into the driver’ s eat, starts up the car and heads to town. The empty stretch of interstate gives way to urban congestion, and Coyne hits the brakes as a pedestrian suddenly crosses the street in front of him. But even if he hadn’ t stopped in time, the woman would have been safe. She isn’ t real. Neither is the town. And Coyne isn’ t really driving. Coyne is demonstrating a puterized driving simulator that is helping researchers at Old Dominion University (ODU) examine how invehicle guidance systems affect the person behind