電氣工程及其自動(dòng)化專業(yè)英語第二章課文翻譯-wenkub
2023-04-22 00:48:27 本頁面
【正文】 電偶所產(chǎn)生的電壓就是一個(gè)例子。因此當(dāng)我們談到“信號(hào)”，我們不言而喻指的是電壓和電流，然而，我們要討論的大多數(shù)概念是可以被直接應(yīng)用于載有不同信息的變量的系統(tǒng)，因此，一個(gè)機(jī)械系統(tǒng)（在這個(gè)系統(tǒng)中力和速度是其變量）或者液壓系統(tǒng)（在這個(gè)系統(tǒng)中壓力和流速是其變量）的性能通?？梢杂靡粋€(gè)等效的電氣系統(tǒng)來模擬或表示。 In general, all of the tasks with which we shall be concerned can be classified as signalprocessing“tasks. Let us explore the meaning of this term一般說來，我們將要涉及到的工作被歸結(jié)為“信號(hào)——處理”工作，讓我們來探究這個(gè)術(shù)語的含義吧。第二章第一篇To say that we live in an age of electronics is an understatement. From the omnipresent integrated circuit to the equally omnipresent digital puter, we encounter electronic devices and systems on a daily basis. In every aspect of our increasingly technological society— whether it is science, engineering, medicine, music, maintenance, or even espionage—the role of electronics is large, and it is growing.談?wù)撽P(guān)于我們生活在一個(gè)電子學(xué)時(shí)代的論調(diào)是一種空泛的論調(diào)。A signal is any physical variable whose magnitude or variation with time contains information. This information might involve speech and music, as in radio broadcasting, a physical quantity such as the temperature of the air in a room, or numerical data, such as the record of stock market transactions. The physical variables that can carry information in an electrical system are voltage and current. When we speak of signals, therefore, we refer implicitly to voltages or currents. However, most of the concepts we discuss can be applied directly to systems with different informationcarrying variables. Thus, the behavior of a mechanical system (in which force and velocity are the variables) or a hydraulic system (in which pressure and flow rate are the variables) can often be modeled or represented by an equivalent electrical system. An understanding of the behavior of electrical systems, therefore, provides a basis for understanding a much broader range of phenomena. 信號(hào)就是其與時(shí)間有關(guān)的量值或變化包含信息的任何物理變量。因此，我們對(duì)于電氣系統(tǒng)性能的理解為理解更寬領(lǐng)域的現(xiàn)象打下了一個(gè)基礎(chǔ)。當(dāng)兩個(gè)接頭之間的溫度差改變時(shí)，一對(duì)熱電偶兩端的電壓也將改變。一個(gè)普通的家用恒溫器傳遞一種數(shù)字信號(hào)來控制爐子當(dāng)房間的溫度下降到預(yù)定溫度以下時(shí)，恒溫器的開關(guān)合上使?fàn)t子開始加熱；一旦房間的溫度上升到足夠高，開關(guān)就斷開使?fàn)t子關(guān)閉。剩下的方框涉及輸入和輸出——取得信號(hào)以及從處理系統(tǒng)輸出信號(hào)。它把溫度的變化（物理變量）轉(zhuǎn)換成電壓（電氣變量）。其它的可能的情況下是將輸出轉(zhuǎn)換成聲能（利用揚(yáng)聲器），或是將輸出作為另一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的輸入，或是利用輸出作為控制信號(hào)來產(chǎn)生某個(gè)動(dòng)作第二篇The mathematics of puters and other digital electronic devices have been developed from the decisive work of George Boole (l815～l864) and many others, who expanded and improved on his work. The body of thought that is known collectively as symbolic logic established the principles for deriving mathematical proofs and singularly modified our understanding and the scope of mathematics. 布爾代數(shù)也稱為邏輯代數(shù)。這種代數(shù)不僅廣泛于概率和統(tǒng)計(jì)等領(lǐng)域，更為重要的是，它為數(shù)字計(jì)算機(jī)開關(guān)電路設(shè)計(jì)提供了最重要的數(shù)學(xué)方法。真或假可以等同于一和零 ，或者等同于開和關(guān)。在開發(fā)數(shù)字系統(tǒng)時(shí)最簡(jiǎn)單的做法是把邏輯門以及它們之間的連接根據(jù)概念排放在一起 以最直接的方式完成 設(shè)定的任務(wù)。 the plement of = not B. Two fixed quan
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