【正文】 百萬、千萬、億、十億等都是用10的倍數(shù)來表達的。漢譯英時遇到以上數(shù)字時，譯員必須很快推算出與其相對應的英語數(shù)位和表達方式：漢語萬十萬千萬億英語ten thousandhundred thousandten millionhundred million英譯漢時則要做相反的推算和轉換。很多人（書） many people（books）很多水（啤酒）much water（beer）很多人（水） a lot of people (water)大量的參考書 a large number of reference books大量有用的信息 a large quantity of useful information大批的產品（食物） large quantities of products (food)你要多少（面包）就拿多少。譯員可根據具體情況采取以下做法：1．三位以內數(shù)字的口譯三位以內數(shù)字的漢英互譯在語言表達上基本一致，各數(shù)字都有相應的詞，無須推算，只要按英語和漢語的習慣讀出數(shù)字就行了。例如，英譯漢時，聽到英語數(shù)字時，特別是較為復雜的數(shù)字和系列數(shù)字時，立即用阿拉伯數(shù)字記錄下來，記錄的同時按英語數(shù)位分段法，從后往前每三位數(shù)為一段，用一個逗號分開。漢譯英時，也是把聽到的數(shù)字用阿拉伯數(shù)字記錄下來，從后往前，每三位用一逗號分開，然后用英語讀出每位數(shù)就行了。3,000,000可記錄成“3,—,—”或者“3，”。 a few。 less/no more than twenty三十來個——about/ around thirty幾十個——dozens of 幾十年——decades十幾歲——in one39。英漢互譯時要特別注意不同的英語句型和表達方法所表示的倍數(shù)概念與漢語不同。根據以上規(guī)律，請看下面英語句子的漢譯：(1) The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球的大小是月球的49倍。(4) Although London covers less than 400,000 acres, it needs nearly 50 million acre125 times its areato provide it with food, timber, and other resources, and to absorb its pollution.雖然倫敦占地不到40萬英畝，卻需要近5000萬英畝的土地——125倍于它本身的面積——來供給它食品，原木和其他資源，并吸收它產生的污染物。第二類表示凈增倍數(shù)。The sales volume of portable phones of this pany increased nearly twice last year.The sales volume of portable phones of this pany nearly doubled last year.漢語增加倍數(shù)的說法很多，英譯時，首先要仔細區(qū)分是包括基數(shù)在內的增加倍數(shù)還是凈增倍數(shù)，然后決定用N times 還是（N+1）times 來表達。The per capita living space for urban residents in China expanded from square meters in 1978 to square meters in 1997, a rise of times.(4) 1949年至1998年, , , %, 。例如：(1) 由于水災，去年的收成減少了三成。In 1998，the targets of restructuring governmental institutions were met. Departments under the State Council were reduced from 40 to 29 and personnel were cut nearly by half.6. 增/減百分比的口譯“增/減了百分之幾”英語和漢語的含義一致，都表示凈增或凈減百分數(shù)。s sales and profits grew 71 percent and 80 percent respectively；meanwhile, Nike39。 Gamble just raised prices on its paper products by as much as 8%.(美國) 普羅科特—甘布爾公司剛剛把他們的紙制品價格提高了8%。(6) In America, the number of people engaged in farming as their principle of occupation fell to 961,560 in 1997, down percent from 1992, while the number between (the age of) 25 to 34 fell 28 percent.在美國以農業(yè)為主要職業(yè)的人數(shù)1997下降到961，560人，%，而年齡在25到34歲的人數(shù)下降了28%。As a result of Asian financial crises, China’s total volume of import and export in 1998 dropped by percent over the previous year, of which the volume of import went down by percent, and the value of export went up by percent.3) 增/減率be …% increase/ rise /growth… be …% decrease/drop /decline…an increase / a rise / a growth rate of …%a decrease / drop / decline of …%be …% up /down …be up / down…%例如：1999年，中國外貿出口達1949億美元，%。The area of soil erosion in China has been increasing by 10,000 square km. annually to million square km. at present, accounting for nearly 38 percent of the total land area.由于低溫多雨的影響, 我國夏糧減產1460萬噸?？谧g教學要集中一段時間專門進行數(shù)字口譯訓練。 香港特別行政區(qū)人口為678萬人。平均每年增加1279萬人，%。五、年齡構成祖國大陸31個省、自治區(qū)、直轄市和現(xiàn)役軍人的人口中，０14 歲的人口為28979萬人。同1990年第四次全國人口普查相比，漢族人口增加了1,1692萬人，%；各少數(shù)民族人口增加了1523萬人，%。八、城鄉(xiāng)人口祖國大陸 31個省、自治區(qū)、直轄市的人口中，居住在城鎮(zhèn)的人口 45594萬人，占總人口的 % ；居住在鄉(xiāng)村的人口80739 萬人，%。人口最多的是中國，有12億，再加上香港的630萬。印度的人口增長率持續(xù)超過中國。預計到2025年，非洲的人口將達到14億。其次是德國，有824 0萬人。預計到2025年，北美洲的人口將達到36900萬。 million persons had received senior secondary education (including secondary technical school education)。 and number of people with primary education decreased from 37,057 to 35,701.Of the people enumerated in the 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and servicemen of the mainland of China, million persons were illiterate (. people over 15 years of age who cannot read or can read very little). Compared with the percent of illiterate people in the 1990 population census, the proportion has dropped to percent, or down by percentage points.Ⅷ. Urban and Rural Population.In the 31 provinces, autonomous