【正文】 inclined to 表示肯定意義。(1)in order to(do), so as to(do)結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)，so as to不能置于句首。如：ambition to do “干……的雄心”→be ambitious to do“有雄心干……”如：tendency to do→tend to do, decision to do→decide to do (1)被修飾的名詞前有序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或next, last, only, not a, the, very等限定詞時(shí)，該名詞用不定式做定語(yǔ)。注意不定式表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，并采用相應(yīng)形式。 (1)先根據(jù)選項(xiàng)的區(qū)別點(diǎn)確定考題要點(diǎn)為時(shí)態(tài)，然后回到題句中尋找給出的或暗示的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，縮小選擇范圍，進(jìn)而選出正確答案；如：The pany has been promising a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened.如：The changes that had taken place in air travel during the last sixty years would have seemed pletely impossible to even the most brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19th century. (2)by +將來(lái)時(shí)間、by the time/ when +謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的從句，主句用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。：比較：I’ll tell him when you ring again. (狀語(yǔ)從句) (1)by/between/up to/till +過(guò)去時(shí)間、since、by the time/when +表示過(guò)去發(fā)生情況的從句，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we e back next year. (4)在It is the +序數(shù)詞/形容詞最高級(jí)+that的定語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)答題思路： (1)引導(dǎo)邏輯主語(yǔ)的介詞：不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)一般由介詞for引導(dǎo),但下列表示人的性格行為特征的形容詞做表語(yǔ)時(shí), 不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)則由of引導(dǎo)：absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel, selfish, lazy, wicked, wrong。It’s clever of you to have invented such a device.如： be said / reported / thought / believed / known / supposed + to do sth.掌握要求接不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：afford, arrange, attempt, claim, desire, determine, expect, fail, guarantee, endeavor, intend, pledge, pretend, resolve, request, swear, tend, venture。如：the first woman to set foot on the moon 第一個(gè)登上月球的女性“對(duì)……的好奇心”→be curious to do“對(duì)……好奇”ability to do“做……的能力”→able to do“有能力做……”According to Darwin, random changes that enhance a species’ ability to survive are naturally selected and passed on to succeeding generation.(4)表示方式、原因、時(shí)間、機(jī)會(huì)、權(quán)利等名詞用不定式做定語(yǔ)，這些名詞包括：way, method, reason, time, place, chance, occasion, opportunity, evidence, power, right, movement, drive (運(yùn)動(dòng))，effort等。(2)so…as to, such…as to, enough…to, too…to結(jié)構(gòu)做程度狀語(yǔ)。如：I am only too pleased to hear from you further. 能再聽到你的消息，我太高興了?？忌绕湟R(shí)別下列短語(yǔ)中的to是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)：object to, resort to, react to, contribute to, look forward to, be accustomed to, be mitted to, be exposed to, be subjected to, be devoted to, be dedicated to, be opposed to, be reconciled to, be contrary to, be (get) used to, e close to, get down to, give oneself up to, prefer…to, see to, set to, take to, in addition to, with regard to, with a view to, on the way to。分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于省略了的定語(yǔ)從句，考生應(yīng)掌握：(1)現(xiàn)在分詞與被修飾詞之間具有主動(dòng)意義。(相當(dāng)于…recapture of the port which had been announced…)Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone added to the system, so does the value of a puter system increase with each program that turns out.(相當(dāng)于…description which was based on…)(3)下列不及物動(dòng)詞也以過(guò)去分詞形式做定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，但不具有被動(dòng)意義：deceased, departed, elapsed, faded, fallen, gone, grownup, retired, returned, risen, set, vanished, muchtravelled, newly arrived, recently e。a faded curtain褪了色的窗簾如：Having pleted one task, we started on another one.(plete先于start之前發(fā)生)如：The city found itself in a crisis situation last summer when the air conditioning on dozens of the new buses broke down, them unusable.(5)表示補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明(同位)，置于句尾，用分詞的一般式。分詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)只是句子的一個(gè)部分。cannot but do如：Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.cannot help doing sth. be如：It is unusual for there to be no late ers today.(4)做除for外的介詞賓語(yǔ)，用there being。主句would/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+have done如：Had it not been for the timely investment from the general public, our pany would not be so thriving as it is.(主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反)Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now.(主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反)(3)識(shí)別事實(shí)和假設(shè)混合句：Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a makeup examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.(句子前半部分為假設(shè)情況，而“父母病了”是事實(shí))名詞性從句是指賓語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。如：I move that he be discharged for his serious mistake.In the past men generally preferred that their wives work in the home.(2)下列形容詞和分詞做表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，that主語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞用虛擬形式：advisable, desirable, insistent, preferable, urgent, appropriate, pulsory, crucial, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, possible, probable, proper, vital, advised, arranged, manded, demanded, desired, ordered, proposed, remended, requested, required, suggested。 如：Mary couldn’t have received my letter。如：As it turned out to be a small house party, we needn’t have dressed up so formally.(2)should /should not have +過(guò)去分詞，表示應(yīng)該做某事但實(shí)際上未做，或本不應(yīng)該做但實(shí)際上做了, 譯為“本(不)應(yīng)該……”。如：What you said is right, but you could have phrased it more tactfully.(5)may/might hav