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例:He worked in that hospital for 8 years.(他曾經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院工作了8年。通常用瞬時(shí)性動(dòng)詞,如:arrive, begin, find, give, lose等??梢姶鸢甘荂) have been challenged。 B) 表示從過去某時(shí)刻開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或情況,并且有可能會(huì)繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去?! ±篒 bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses. A) didn39。例:When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.(等你完成這份報(bào)告的時(shí)候,我就已經(jīng)等了將近3個(gè)小時(shí)了。常見的用法是:飛機(jī)、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的交通方式?! ±篐e always helps others. (他總是幫助別人。had studied十六種時(shí)態(tài),其表現(xiàn)形式如下一般時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)將來完成時(shí)將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過去將來時(shí)過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)過去將來完成時(shí)過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(以study為例)一般時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在study/studies因此,當(dāng)我們說時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候,指的是相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)下的動(dòng)詞形式?! ∮⒄Z時(shí)態(tài)分為16種:一般現(xiàn)在、一般過去、一般將來、過去將來時(shí),以及這四者的進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí)和完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。be studyinghad been studying將來will studywill be studyingwill have studiedwill have been studying過去將來would studywould be studyingwould have studiedwould have been studying 二、課程內(nèi)容 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) (與 every day, every week , always ,usually, seldom ,never 等連用.)用法:A) 表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。) D) 客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理。 、停、開始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)”等的動(dòng)詞)可以與表示未來時(shí)間的狀語搭配使用 例:The next train leaves at 3 o39。) 2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(be doing)用法:現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。t sell B) sold C) haven39。此時(shí)經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。A) are to challenge和D) are challenging都是主動(dòng)語態(tài),不可能是答案。 例:John has broken his left leg.(約翰摔斷了左腿。這只是講述一個(gè)過去的事實(shí),他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那家醫(yī)院了。 例:My sister has been married for 5 years.(過去分詞做表語表示狀態(tài),可以延續(xù)) My sister has married. Don39?! ±篒t is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.(從我上次見到他以來已經(jīng)10年了。)4. 一般過去時(shí)(yesterday , last week , ago ,the other day , just now, in the past , that day , from then on ) 用法:A) 表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。) He used to visit his mother once a week.(他以前總是每周看望一次他的母親?! ) used to do的否定形式和疑問形式很特別:你怎么寫都正確。 Used to do經(jīng)常與 be used to doing sth/ sth結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對比。) B) 如果when, while這樣的時(shí)間狀語引導(dǎo)詞所引導(dǎo)的主從句之一是一般過去時(shí),則另一個(gè)句子常用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 用法:表示在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或已經(jīng)存在的狀態(tài)。t heard B) hasn39。答案是D)。t been hearing,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)刻繼續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,與題意不符?! ∽⒁馐马?xiàng):“過去的過去”這種邏輯關(guān)系常通過上下文體現(xiàn)出來,而不一定受某個(gè)時(shí)間狀語的限制。. 用法:A) 基本結(jié)構(gòu)是will / shall do。) C) 表示“打算去……,要……”時(shí),可用be going to do?! ±篋on39。) b) 該做或不該做的事情(語氣上接近于should, must, ought to, have to),表示一種命令、規(guī)勸性語氣?! ±篒 assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible. Have a little patience. A. will be attended B. will be attended to C. is attended D. is attended to will be att