【正文】 析］ has gone 是已去某處了，不在這里了?！　?5. I called him and he ＿＿＿ to have a talk with me.　　A. stop　B. stops　C. stoped　D. stopped　　 ［答案］ D.　　 ［析］ 這是由and連接的兩個(gè)并列句，所以時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致?！　?3. Please ＿＿＿ as soon as you get there.　　A. ring me up　B. ring up me　C. wake me up　D. wake up me　　 ［答案］ A.　　 ［析］ ring up打電話，而wake up喚醒。而工人們在談?wù)撾娪盀橐婚L時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，所以要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。d better ＿＿＿ more coats.　　A. put on　B. take off　C. to put on　D. to take off　　 ［答案］ A.　　 ［析］ 39。t ＿＿＿ everywhere.　　A. be put　B. be putted　C. put　D. putting　　 ［答案］ A.　　 ［析］ 這里是被動(dòng)語態(tài)。t rain　B. rains　C. won39。t know this word, ＿＿＿ in the dictionary.　　A. look for it　B. look at it　C. look after it　D. look it up　　 ［答案］ D.　　 ［析］ look up 查字典，與look有關(guān)的詞組有：　　look about 四周環(huán)視 look after 照顧 look around 周圍，四處看　　look at 看 look back 回顧　look for 尋找　　look forward to 期待　look out 當(dāng)心　look like 看上去像　　12. My father told me ＿＿＿ play on the street.　　A. not　B. to not　C. not to　D. did not　　 ［答案］ C.　　 ［析］ 不定式的否定式是not to do something.　　13. There is going to ＿＿＿ an English party this evening.　　A. be　B. has　C. have　D. is　　 ［答案］ A.　　 ［析］ 這里是there be 無生命的有加助動(dòng)詞的句型，即there will be,而沒有there have 的句型?！　? How long have you ＿＿＿ here?　　 About two months.　　A. been　B. gone　C. e　D. arrived　　 ［答案］ A.　　 ［析］ have been here是個(gè)狀態(tài)，可以與后面的長時(shí)間狀語連接，而其他三個(gè)動(dòng)詞都是瞬間動(dòng)詞。t　C. may not　D. can not　［答案］ B.［析］ needn39。　　 I ＿＿＿ a bike from him?　　A. lend　B. return　C. give　D. borrow　 ［答案］ D.　 ［析］ borrow something from…為向某人某處借某物。　　 ＿＿＿ a letter when my mother came in.　　A. write　B. am writing　C. was writing　D. will write　?。鄞鸢福?C.　?。畚觯?當(dāng)母親進(jìn)來時(shí)是一個(gè)瞬時(shí)的動(dòng)作，而寫信是一個(gè)長動(dòng)作，所以寫信這個(gè)動(dòng)作應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表示在寫信過程中發(fā)生的另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作。　　 ＿＿＿ play on the road. It39。雖然在初中范圍，這一項(xiàng)不是語法重點(diǎn)，但還是要花一定時(shí)間去學(xué)習(xí)，為的是打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。而情態(tài)動(dòng)詞則表達(dá)一種可能、必要、允許、愿望、猜測……的意圖、傾向。如果加上一句話，則將變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)，如：Yesterday I saw my old teacher. I hadn39。m hungry now? 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別在于動(dòng)作的截止時(shí)間，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作截止于現(xiàn)在，而過去完成時(shí)所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作截止于過去。④ 在狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。如：I39。　　一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主要有以下三方面，① 用來表示狀態(tài)，特征或不受時(shí)間限制的客觀存在和真理。② 語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)。. . . .初中英語語法知識精講精練：動(dòng)詞　　(一) 知識概要　　動(dòng)詞在語言中是必不可少的一部分。③ 助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如：Matter exists in three states物質(zhì)有三態(tài)。m going to swim this afternoon ③ be+現(xiàn)在分詞，也就是用某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來，如：I39?！　‖F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：用于表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，如：What are you doing now?要注意的是表示狀態(tài)，情感的某些詞沒有現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，這些動(dòng)詞有：like, have (有)，love, know, understand, remember, forget, see, hear, smell, taste, feel, wish hope, expect…　　過去將來時(shí)：用來表達(dá)從過去某時(shí)間點(diǎn)上看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，如： He told me he would e to my party.　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的兩個(gè)用處是：　　①　用來表達(dá)在過去開始的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，如：I39。如：I haven39。t seen him for a long time. 因?yàn)槲液镁梦匆娝@一情況截止于昨天。也用來表示語氣的委婉和祝愿。為進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)提供良好的條件。s dangerous.　　A. mustn39?！　?39。而lend, return, give后面的介詞應(yīng)用to。t 為沒有必要必須做某事，而mustn39。　　9. Stamps ＿＿＿ by people for sending letters.　　A. use　B. using　C. used　D. are used　　 ［答案］ D.　　 ［析］ 這里是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，意為郵票被人們用來發(fā)信。　　14. There ＿＿＿ no bus stop here last year.　　A. is　B. was　C. are　D. were　?。鄞鸢福?B.　 ［析］ last year為去年，所以用過去時(shí)。t rain　D. doesn39。與put有關(guān)的詞組如下：　　put away 放好 put off 推遲 put on 穿上 put out 撲滅 put down 放下　　17. Neither Li Lei nor Han Meimei ＿＿＿ Harbin.　　A. have been to　B. has been to　C. have gone to　D. has gone to　　 ［答案］ B.　?。畚觯?has been to 是去過某處。d better 其后加不帶to的不定式，而put on 為穿上。?　　21. No hurry, please ＿＿＿ your time.　　A. take　B. bring　C. carry　　D. catch　　 ［答案］ A.　　 ［析］ take one39。英文中有很多動(dòng)詞詞組如其賓語是代詞時(shí)，一定要放在動(dòng)詞與介詞之間?！　?6? Would you please ＿＿＿ me an eraser, Lucy?　　? Certainly. Here you are.　　A. borrow　B. lend　C. borrowed　D. lent　　 ［答案］ B.　　 ［析］ would you please其后接不帶to的不定式即動(dòng)詞原形，而borrow為借入而lend為借出。所以強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作影響到現(xiàn)在。t表示沒有必要一定要這樣做?！　?2 The students will go to the West Hill Farm by bike, if it ＿＿＿ fine tomorrow.　　A. will be　B. is　C. shall be　D. was　　 ［答案］ B.　　33. Our teacher always tells us ＿＿＿ in the street. It39?！　?5. The kite is flying high in the sky. It ＿＿＿ a bird.　　A. looks at　B. looks like　C. looks for　D. looks after　　 ［答案］ B.　　 ［析］ look like 像……，其中l(wèi)ike 為介詞。?　　38. Your radio is too loud. Would you please ＿＿＿ ?　　A. turn down it　B. turn it down　C. to turn down it　D. to turn it down　　 ［答案］ B.　　 ［析］ would you please 后面加動(dòng)詞原形?！　?2. She doesn39。?　　45. Where is Mr. Zhang?　　 Look! He ＿＿＿ on a big machine over there.　　A. works　B. worked　C. is working　D. has worked　　 ［答案］ C.　　 ［析］ 由look, listen等詞開始的句子一般要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。與turn有關(guān)的詞組有： turn against 背叛 turn on 打開 turn +顏色 變?yōu)槟撤N顏色 turn off 關(guān)閉 turn over 翻轉(zhuǎn) turn to 翻到某頁 turn into 變?yōu)?turn up 向上翻　　47. Please tell me where ＿＿＿ have our piic tomorrow.　　A. we will　B. will we　C. will　D. will you　　 ［答案］ A.　　 ［析］ where 引導(dǎo)的從句是賓語從句，而不是狀語從句?！　?1. I hear there ＿＿＿ a sports meeting in our school next week.?　　A. is going to have　B. will have?　C. is going to be　D. are going to be　　 ［答案］ C.　 ［析］ 這是hear 的賓語從句是there be 句型。d better ＿＿＿ this coat with you.　　A. bring　B. carry　C. take　D. get　　 ［答案］ C.　　 ［析］ bring 帶來，take 帶走。它們的過去時(shí)、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞變化如下：　　 lay (放) laid， laid， laying (及物動(dòng)詞)　　 lie (躺) lay， lain， lying (不及物動(dòng)詞)　　 lie (說謊) lied， lied， lying　　 ［誤］ Please rise your hand.　　 ［正］ Please raise your hand.［析］ rise 是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后不能接賓語，如：The sun rises in the 。而接不定式則側(cè)重于表達(dá)一次性、特殊性的動(dòng)作?！　?［誤］ Did you watch some film recently?　　 ［正］ Did you see some film recently?　　 ［析］ 英語中see 與 watch 各有不同的用處，see用于看電影、劇目，而watch用作看電視和看球賽。如 How long can I keep it　　 ［誤］ We have won your class.　　 ［正］ We have beaten your class.　　 ［析］ win是及物動(dòng)詞，其后面的賓語應(yīng)是比賽、戰(zhàn)爭、獎(jiǎng)品、獎(jiǎng)金。s raining outside. Please take this rain coat with you.　　 ［析］ bring為帶來如：Next time bring your little sister 帶走，fetch為去某處取什么回來，如：Please fetch some coffee for us?? 要熟記的是在初中課文中與take有關(guān)的詞組，如：? take away 拿走 take back 收回 take down 取下?take off 脫下 take…out 拿出 take place 發(fā)生? take hold of 拿住 take part in 參加 take a seat 坐下take one39。s temperature 測量體溫　　 ［誤］ The policeman reached his gun.　　 ［正］ The policeman reached for his gun.　　 ［析］ reach作到達(dá)講時(shí)是及物動(dòng)詞，如：I reached the hotel at 8∶30?但作伸手去拿，則要用reach for