【正文】
T C P / I P p r o t o c o l s u i t e圖 TCP/IP 協(xié)議組1) TCP 協(xié)議TCP 協(xié)議可以在網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶啟動的軟件應(yīng)用進(jìn)程之間建立通信會話,并實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)流量控制和錯(cuò)誤檢測,這樣就可以在不可靠的網(wǎng)絡(luò)上提供可靠的端到端數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。3. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議是通信雙方共同遵守的約定和規(guī)范,網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備必須安裝或設(shè)置各種網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議之后才能完成數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸和發(fā)送,在校園局域網(wǎng)上用到的協(xié)議主要有,ICP/IP 協(xié)議、IPX/SPX 協(xié)議等。網(wǎng) 絡(luò) 網(wǎng) 絡(luò)網(wǎng) 絡(luò)網(wǎng) 絡(luò)網(wǎng) 絡(luò)網(wǎng) 絡(luò) 主 機(jī) 主 機(jī)主 機(jī)主 機(jī)主 機(jī)主 機(jī)8位 8位8位8位A類E類D類C類B類 組 播研 究7:在路由表中表明 IP 廣播地址。IP 地址分為 A、B、C 、D 、E 五類,圖 解釋了這 5 個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的類別關(guān)系,6表 說明了這幾類地址的范圍及掩碼。2. IP 地址和 MAC 地址 IP 地址1) IP 地址網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址唯一指定了每一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò),同一網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的每臺計(jì)算機(jī)都共享相同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址,并用它作為自己 IP 地址的一部分。它被分成 7 層,這 7 個(gè)層次分別定義了不同的功能。圖 星型網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)3) 樹形(Tree )4當(dāng)一臺集線器或交換機(jī)的端口數(shù)量不足以連接所有的計(jì)算機(jī)或者需要聯(lián)網(wǎng)的計(jì)算機(jī)分布比較分散,可以再串聯(lián)第二級星型網(wǎng)絡(luò),如圖 所示,這就是樹形拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)。計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的拓?fù)溆卸喾N類型,并且是隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展而不斷涌現(xiàn)與完善。如何在廣域網(wǎng)上保證網(wǎng)絡(luò)訪問的安全,是目前網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的關(guān)鍵和核心技術(shù)領(lǐng)域之一。局域網(wǎng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是傳輸速率高,往往可以達(dá)到百兆或千兆,局域網(wǎng)的另一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是傳輸信號質(zhì)量高,誤碼率低,傳輸時(shí)延小。 ”個(gè)體指計(jì)算機(jī)硬件和軟件、方法或通路指連接與傳輸媒介、規(guī)則指網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信協(xié)議。本次景山衛(wèi)生局網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目是以局域網(wǎng)為依托,架構(gòu)辦公自動化、信息傳播、疾病控制和有關(guān)智能化系統(tǒng)等運(yùn)行平臺,為用戶提供先進(jìn)的辦公、數(shù)據(jù)共享、信息傳播和學(xué)術(shù)交流手段,實(shí)現(xiàn)各系統(tǒng)之間的信息交流和信息資源共享,實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)部局域網(wǎng)與 Inter 以及區(qū)衛(wèi)生所專網(wǎng)的連接。關(guān)鍵詞:局域網(wǎng)、Inter 、計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議、服務(wù)器、防火墻IIAbstractWith the gradual popularization of works, office works are all business units, institutions, government agencies to the development of information inevitable choice. The Graduation Project Shijingshan Health Bureau LAN systems are a very large and plex system, which not only prehensive information management and office automation applications, such as a series of basic operating platform, but also provides a wide range of applications, so that information can be timely and accurate to send to each system. The Shijingshan Health Bureau LAN construction of the main applications of work technology to the important branch of local area work technology to the construction and management, So this graduation project topics will be mainly to Shijingshan Health Bureau LAN construction process may use a variety of technical and implementation options for the design direction for the Shijingshan Health Bureau building LAN and provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance.Keywords: LAN, Inter, puter works, work protocols, server, firewall。本學(xué)位論文的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)歸屬于培養(yǎng)單位。學(xué)號 202053131014 密級 武漢大學(xué)專科畢業(yè)論文景山衛(wèi)生局局域網(wǎng)的建設(shè)院(系)名稱:計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)院專 業(yè) 名 稱:計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)與技術(shù) 學(xué) 生 姓 名:蔣童童 指 導(dǎo) 教 師:張玉萍 二○一三年四月 BACHELOR’S DEGREE THESISOF WUHAN UNIVERSITYThe construction of Jingshan Hill health Bureau LanCollege : Computer Subject : Computer Application TechnologyName : Iiang tongtongDirectde by : Zhang YupingApril 2020鄭 重 聲 明本人呈交的學(xué)位論文,是在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下,獨(dú)立進(jìn)行研究工作所取得的成果,所有數(shù)據(jù)、圖片資料真實(shí)可靠。本人簽名: 日期: I摘 要隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)的逐步普及,辦公網(wǎng)絡(luò)的建設(shè)是各企業(yè)單位、事業(yè)單位、政府機(jī)關(guān)向信息化發(fā)展的必然選擇。III目 錄前 言 ............................................................................................................................1第一章 計(jì)算機(jī)局域網(wǎng)概述 ...................................................................................2一. 計(jì)算機(jī)局域網(wǎng) ................................................................................................................21. 計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的分類 ................................................................................................22. 計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu) ........................................................................................3二. 計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的相關(guān)技術(shù) ................................................................................................41. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)層次 ........................................................................................................42. IP 地址和 MAC 地址 ...............................................................................................53. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議 ................................................................................................................74. IEEE 局域網(wǎng)系列標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ...........................................................................................8三. 傳輸介質(zhì)及網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備 ....................................................................................................91. 網(wǎng)卡 ........................................................................................................................92. 交換機(jī) ....................................................................................................................93. 路由器 ..................................................................................................................104. 傳輸介質(zhì) ..............................................................................................................10第二章 景山衛(wèi)生局局域網(wǎng)的建設(shè) .....................................................................12一. 項(xiàng)目背景 ......................................................................................................................12二. 需求分析 ......................................................................................................................12三. 設(shè)計(jì)思路 ......................................................................................................................131. 總體設(shè)計(jì)原則 ......................................................................................................132. 總體功能 ..............................................................................................................14四. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè) ......................................................................................................................141. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)鋱D ..........................................................................................................142. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)層次 ..............................................................................................................153. 交換機(jī)的具體部署 ..............................................................................................164. 局域網(wǎng)中其他設(shè)備及軟件 ..................................................................................175. VLAN 劃分 .............................................................................................................186. IP 地址規(guī)劃 ......................................